Steph Brown
Period 3
ESLR 1, 4
COLD WAR STUDY
GUIDE
Terrorism
Terrorism is the
deliberate use of random violence, especially against civilians, to exact
revenge or achieve political goals. Terrorism activity has had a definite rise since
1960.
Privatization
Privatization is
when one sells off state-owned industries to private investors. Many people turned from socialism to
privatization in the 1980’s.
Nonaligned
Nonaligned is the
term for countries not allied to either side in the Cold War. Many new nations, at the time of the Cold
War, chose to remain nonaligned, so as to reduce world tension.
Multinational
Corporation
Multinational
corporations are huge enterprises with branches in many countries. They brought new technology to areas in
mining, agriculture, and transportation.
Liberation
theology
Liberation
theology was a movement adopted by Roman Catholic clergy in
Interdependence
Interdependence
is the dependence on goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the
world. Since 1945, the world became
increasingly interdependent and continues to be more so all the time.
Culture
shock
The
term culture shock was first used in the 1950’s. This term came about to describe the symptoms
of distress people felt when placed in an entirely new environment.
Acid
rain
Acid
rain is a form of pollution in which toxic chemicals in the air come back to
the earth as rain, snow, hail, or sleet.
Acid rain damages forests, lakes, and farmland in the
Effects
of Cold War
One
of the effects of the Cold War is widespread westernization. The
Why
did democracy fail in many new nations?
Democracy
collapsed in many new countries because problems such as lack of funds kept it
from growing properly. Some leaders
weren’t ready to back down in some countries as well, causing another problem
for democracy.
Majority of world's wealth controlled by?
A
majority of the world’s wealth is controlled by the global North,
and largely by the
Effect
of urbanization in developing nations
Many
people in developing nations have disliked urbanization, because of how
impersonal it makes a once interactive life.
However, new jobs were needed by many, and thus they needed to move to
cities to be closer to those jobs.
Factories
effect on environmental damage
The
effect of factories on the environment is not a very good thing, because it
causes problems like acid rain. The
Factors
contributing to political instability in African nations
Political
instability in African nations is partially caused by the civil wars that
devastate the nations. Military
dictators and other rulers are another part of the problem.
Primary
cause of global interdependence
The
primary cause of global interdependence is the creation of the United Nations. The UN’s primary goal is to settle disputes
between nations while connecting them at the same time.
Global
south
The
global South are places lacking in education, life
expectancy, and infant mortality. The
global South is another term for the developing world, like places in
Modern
technology
Since 1945, technology
has changed the way people live and think, with inventions such as the
computer. The space age is also a result
of this new technological age.
Welfare state
Leftist parties strongly
wanted to extend the welfare state as their major goal. Welfare state is the condition under which
the government keeps many capitalist qualities but takes more responsibility
for social and economic needs of its people.
Glasnost
Gorbachev called for glasnost, or openness, in the Soviet
Empire. He also urged people to
restructure the role of the government and the economy.
Dissident
Brezhnev, the man who took
over the
Deficit
Tax cuts and government
spending began to greatly increase the deficit.
Deficit is the gap between what a government spends and what it takes
in.
Detente
Détente came to a sudden end
when the Soviets invaded
Leonid Brezhnev
Leonid Brezhnev was the Soviet
leader that took over at Stalin’s death in 1953. He held power until his death in 1982,
rigorously speaking against dissidents.
Charles de
Gaulle
General Charles de Gaulle led
the French during the war, and voters began to turn to him in the crisis. In 1958, he set up the
Martin Luther
King Jr.
Inspired by Gandhi’s peaceful
revolts in
Joseph
McCarthy
Joseph McCarthy was a United
States Senator who charged many Americans with harboring communist sympathies,
despite the fact that little of it was proven by government probes. The Senate condemned his charges, but not
before he had managed to ruin the careers of thousands of Americans.
Margaret
Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher was the
prime minister of
Perestroika
The economy in the
Service
industry
Service industry is one that
provides a service rather than products, such as education and recreation. Countries began to export not only products
but service industries.
Mikhail
Gorbachev
Gorbachev called for glasnost, or openness, in the Soviet
Empire. He also urged people to
restructure the role of the government and the economy.
Helmut Kohl
Helmut Kohl was the West
German Chancellor, called the “architect of unity.” He proposed that a reunified
Nikita Khrushchev
Brezhnev, the man who took
over the
Josip Tito
Josip Tito, the guy with the
cool name, refused to join the Warsaw Pact, claiming neutrality in the Cold War. He was a fierce Guerilla leader who set up
the communist government in
Lech Walesa led an organized,
independent trade union called Solidarity.
The Polish government cracked down on Solidarity, however, and Walesa
was arrested.
Reunification
of
In November, 1989, the Berlin
Wall was taken down. For 40 years,
people couldn’t cross the border, but peace settled in the unified
Goal of
separatism in
Result of
central economic planning in the
People were put on waiting
lists to buy things such as cars, and sometimes had to wait years. However, the basic Soviet problems remained
unsolved by its leaders.
Civil war in
After
Tito died and communism fell, nationalism began to tear