1: Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required of all travellers coming from any part of a country in which yellow fever is endemic. Infants under six months of age are exempt if the mother's vaccination certificate shows her to have been vaccinated prior to the child's birth.
2: Following WHO guidelines issued in 1973, a cholera vaccination certificate is no longer a condition of entry to Pakistan. However, cholera is a serious risk in this country and precautions are essential. Up-to-date advice should be sought before deciding whether these precautions should include vaccination as medical opinion is divided over its effectiveness. See the contents for theHealth section.
3: Malaria risk exists throughout the year in all areas below 2000m. The malignant falciparum strain is present and has been reported as chloroquine-resistant.
4:Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten abroad, seek medical advice without delay. For more information, consult the contents for theHealth section. Health care: Full health insurance is essential.