The Ching Dynasty - The Establishment

    The Ching Dynasty, founded by the Manchu people, who referred to themselves as the Jurchen, was the last feudal period in Chinese history.  The Mongolians were the first to rule the whole China, but they brutally repressed the Chinese and their reigns lasted fewer than eighty years because of peasant revolutions.  The Manchurians were the second minority to rule the Han people, and they learned from the mistakes of the Mongolians.  Their government wanted the Manchu and the Han to live harmoniously together.  For example, they encouraged interracial marriages between the Manchu and the Han.  At the beginning of the dynasty, the imperial China reached its zenith of power.  However, unfortunately at the end, China attained its nadir; European imperialists attacked China, and the Japanese subsequently waged the Sino-Japanese War.
     The Jurchen people lived in the Northeastern region of the China, their descendents now live along with the Han.  The Jurchen was the former name for the Manchu.  During the Early Sung Dynasty, the Jurchen, who had been under the power of the Khitan, overthrew them and instituted the Chin government in lieu of the Liao.  The Chin Dynasty lasted from 1115 to 1234, and posed as a significant threat in front of the Late Sung Dynasty, which was bullied by the enormous power of the Nomadic tribe.
    In the ending years of the Ming Dynasty, Nurhachi, a great leader of the Jurchen, emerged and united the separate divisions within the Jurchen tribe.  He first declared the tribe the Late Jin Dynasty, then later his son, Abahai, changed the name to Ching.
    Wu San-kui, who formerly had been a faithful general of the Ming Dynasty, declared a never-ending vendetta against the Ming emperor for the sake of his lover.  He betrayed his master and led the Ching army through the Great Wall.  Fu-lin succeeded after Abahai's death.  Dorgan, rumored to be the murderer of Abahai, aided Fu-lin the Emperor in defeating the Ming army and capturing the capital of Ming, Peking.  Soon, Fu-lin moved the capital to Peking, and officially ruled the country, and the rule of Ching lasted almost three hundred years.