1.Abscesses
Abcesses are bacterial infections that result from a puncture wound of some kind. If your rabbit has cut himself on something or has had a fight with another pet, he may develop an abscess at the site of the injury.
You will be able to recognize an abscess by its round apperance and the discharge and foul smell that usually accompany it. Your veterinarian will treat your rabbit with antibiotics to rid him of the infection.
2. Coccidiosis
A very common illness in rabbits, coccidiosis is caused by protozoa that affect the digestive system. Systoms include loss of appetite, diarrhea, poor coat, distended abdomen and weight loss. Coccidiosis is most often seen in rabbits that are usually kept in unsanitary cages. Since this disease is almost always fatal, it is important to keep your rabbit cage as clean as possible.
3. Constipation/Diarrhea
Difficulty defecating (consitpation) or a very loose stool (diarrhea) can be the result of either poor diet or illness. Systoms that usually indicate constipation are straining during elemination, lack of feces in the litter box, distended abdomen and lethargy. Diarrhea is usually indicated by loose or runny stool and a dirty tail. If you see evidence that your rabbit is experiencing either of these problems, take him to your veterinarian to have the problem assessed.
4. Fleas
The same fleas that attack dogs and cats also prey on rabbits. You will know if your rabbit is plagued by a flea infection if you find dark spots that resemble particles of black dirt in its fur. To verify that a particle is "flea dirt," place it on a paper towel and put a drop of water on it. If it turns red, then the particle is digested blood left on your pet by a flea. If your rabbit has light colored fur, you may even see a few of these tiny pests hopping around and having a party on your pet's body.
Fleas can be treated in several different ways. The most effective method is to apply a rabbit-safe chemical to the pet while also applying another spray to the rabbit's environment. Your veterinarian can supply you with the proper products as well as detail instructions on how to rid your rabbit of these pests.
5. Flies
Flies can be very dangerous to rabbits, particularly to those kept outdoors. They often lay their egges on a rabbit's soiled rectal area, leaving maggots to burrow in and feed on the animals' flesh. Flies can be kept at bay by keeping both your rabbit's cage and his fur clean. If flies do lay egged on your rabbit, contact your veterinarian for assistance.
6. Hairballs
Because rabbits are such voracious groomers, they frequently ingest large volumes of their own hair. Since rabbits cannot vomit, they must pass any hair they swallow. If a rabbit is not getting enough roughage in his diet, this hair can cause intestinal blockages and even death. Signs of a hairball problem include loss of appetite and masses of hair in the feces. Giving your rabbit a small amount of pineapple juice every month or so can help him with this problem, but it is a preventive measure, not a cure. Consult your veterinarian with any noticeable problem.
7. Heat Prostration
Rabbit are very susceptible to overheating. When the weather is hot, keep a close eye on your pet. Signs of heat prostration include a stretched out posture, panting, rapid breathing and foaming at the mouth. If you find your rabbit in this state, move him to a cool place out of the sun and place a cold, wet towel around his head. Offer him some fresh water. Heat prostration constitutes an emergency situation. Contact your vet immediately.
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