Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Linked
genes a. | are never
separated. | b. | assort
independently. | c. | are on the same
chromosome. | d. | are always
recessive. | | |
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2.
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Gametes are produced by the process of a. | mitosis. | b. | meiosis. | c. | crossing-over. | d. | replication. | | |
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3.
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If a
pea plant has a recessive allele for green peas, it will produce a. | green peas if it also has a dominant allele for yellow
peas. | b. | both green peas
and yellow peas if it also has a dominant allele for yellow peas. | c. | green peas if it does not also have a dominant allele for
yellow peas. | d. | yellow peas if it
does not also have a dominant allele for green peas. | | |
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4.
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A
cross of a red cow with a white bull produces all roan offspring. This type of inheritance is known
as a. | incomplete
dominance. | b. | polygenic
inheritance. | c. | codominance. | d. | multiple alleles. | | |
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5.
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Mendel
concluded that traits are a. | not inherited by offspring. | b. | inherited through the passing of factors from parents to
offspring. | c. | determined by
dominant factors only. | d. | determined by recessive factors
only. | | |
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6.
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Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to a. | plants only. | b. | animals only. | c. | pea plants only. | d. | all organisms. | | |
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7.
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The
principles of probability can be used to a. | predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic
crosses. | b. | determine the
actual outcomes of genetic crosses. | c. | predict the traits of the parents used in genetic
crosses. | d. | decide which
organisms are best to use in genetic crosses. | | |
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8.
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How
many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose
genotype was RrYY?
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9.
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Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to
be a. | hybrid. | b. | homozygous. | c. | heterozygous. | d. | dominant. | | |
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10.
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What
are Mendel’s factors called today? a. | alleles | b. | traits | c. | genes | d. | characters | | |
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Figure 11-1
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11.
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In the
Punnett square shown in Figure 11-1, which of the following is true about the offspring resulting
from the cross? a. | About half are
expected to be short. | b. | All are expected to be short. | c. | About half are expected to be
tall. | d. | All are expected
to be tall. | | |
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12.
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If you
made a Punnett square showing Mendel’s cross between true-breeding tall plants with
true-breeding short plants, the square would show that the offspring had a. | the genotype of one of the
parents. | b. | a phenotype that
was different from that of both parents. | c. | a genotype that was different from that of both
parents. | d. | the genotype of
both parents. | | |
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13.
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What
does a Punnett square NOT show? a. | all possible results of a genetic
cross | b. | the genotypes of
the offspring | c. | the alleles in
the gametes of each parent | d. | the actual results of a genetic
cross | | |
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14.
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The
principle of dominance states that a. | all alleles are dominant. | b. | all alleles are recessive. | c. | some alleles are dominant and others are
recessive. | d. | alleles are
neither dominant nor recessive. | | |
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Figure 11-3
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15.
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What
is shown in Figure 11-3? a. | independent assortment | b. | anaphase I of meiosis | c. | crossing-over | d. | replication | | |
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16.
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When
you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails?
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RrYy | | | |
RY |
Ry |
rY |
ry | | | |
RY |
RRYY |
RRYy |
RrYY |
RrYy | Seed
Shape
R –
round
r –
wrinkled |
RrYy |
Ry
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RRYy |
RRyy |
RrYy |
Rryy |
Seed Color
Y –
yellow
y –
green |
rY
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RrYY |
RrYy |
rrYY |
rrYy | | |
ry |
RrYy |
Rryy |
rrYy |
rryy
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Figure 11-2
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17.
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The
Punnett square in Figure 11-2 shows that the gene for pea shape and the gene for pea
color a. | assort
independently. | b. | are
linked. | c. | have the same
alleles. | d. | are always
homozygous. | | |
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18.
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When
Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding short plants, all the offspring were tall
because a. | the allele for
tall plants is recessive. | b. | the allele for short plants is
dominant. | c. | the allele for
tall plants is dominant. | d. | they were true-breeding like their
parents. | | |
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19.
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If two
genes are on the same chromosome and rarely assort independently, a. | crossing-over never occurs between the
genes. | b. | crossing-over
always occurs between the genes. | c. | the genes are probably located far apart from each
other. | d. | the genes are
probably located close to each other. | | |
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20.
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Unlike
mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of a. | diploid cells. | b. | haploid cells. | c. | 2N daughter cells. | d. | body cells. | | |
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21.
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If an
organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
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22.
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What
principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing
each other’s inheritance? a. | principle of dominance | b. | principle of independent
assortment | c. | principle of
probabilities | d. | principle of
segregation | | |
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23.
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Offspring that result from crosses between true-breeding parents with different
traits a. | are
true-breeding. | b. | make up the
F2 generation. | c. | make up the parental generation. | d. | are called hybrids. | | |
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24.
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Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another
allele for that gene are called a. | multiple alleles. | b. | incomplete dominance. | c. | polygenic inheritance. | d. | multiple genes. | | |
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25.
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Gregor
Mendel used pea plants to study a. | flowering. | b. | gamete formation. | c. | the inheritance of traits. | d. | cross-pollination. | | |
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