Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
of the following is NOT a goal of science? a. | to investigate and understand
nature | b. | to explain events
in nature | c. | to use data to
support a particular point of view | d. | to use derived explanations to make useful
predictions | | |
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2.
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The
work of scientists begins with a. | testing a hypothesis. | b. | careful observations. | c. | creating experiments. | d. | drawing conclusions. | | |
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3.
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Science differs from other disciplines, such as history and the arts, because science
relies on a. | facts. | b. | testing explanations. | c. | observations. | d. | theories. | | |
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4.
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Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period results
in a. | inferences. | b. | variables. | c. | hypotheses. | d. | data. | | |
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5.
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You
state that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is
a(an) a. | conclusion. | b. | hypothesis. | c. | experiment. | d. | analysis. | | |
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6.
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A
hypothesis a. | can be completely
proven. | b. | may be disproved
by a single experiment. | c. | does not have to be tested to be accepted as probably
correct. | d. | is a proven
fact. | | |
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7.
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Hypotheses may arise from a. | prior knowledge. | b. | logical inferences. | c. | imaginative guesses. | d. | all of the above | | |
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8.
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Which
of the following is a valid hypothesis for why a plant appears to be dying? a. | The plant is not being watered
enough. | b. | The plant is
being watered too much. | c. | The plant is receiving too much
sunlight. | d. | all of the
above | | |
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9.
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In
science, a hypothesis is useful only if a. | it is proven correct. | b. | it can be proven incorrect. | c. | it can be tested. | d. | the explanation is already
known. | | |
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10.
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Which
of the following is NOT a part of doing science? a. | experimenting | b. | observing | c. | generalizing | d. | hypothesizing | | |
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11.
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Which
of the following variables present in Redi’s experiment on spontaneous generation is NOT a
controlled variable? a. | gauze covering that keeps flies away from
meat | b. | types of jars
used | c. | types of meat
used | d. | temperature at
which the jars were stored | | |
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12.
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A
controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test a. | a conclusion. | b. | a mass of information. | c. | several variables. | d. | a single variable. | | |
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13.
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Scientists publish the details of important experiments so that a. | their work can be repeated. | b. | their experimental procedures can be
reviewed. | c. | others can try to
reproduce the results. | d. | all of the above | | |
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14.
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The
ability to reproduce results is an important part of any a. | hypothesis. | b. | theory. | c. | law. | d. | experiment. | | |
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15.
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When
enough experimental data supports a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a(an) a. | fact. | b. | theory. | c. | inference. | d. | conclusion. | | |
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16.
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A
theory a. | is always
true. | b. | is the opening
statement of an experiment. | c. | may be revised or replaced. | d. | is a problem to be solved. | | |
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17.
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Which
of the following theories are needed to explain why marsupial mammals are found only in
Australia? a. | theory of
evolution | b. | theory of plate
tectonics | c. | both a and
b | d. | neither a nor
b | | |
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18.
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A
well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations is a(an) a. | hypothesis. | b. | inference. | c. | theory. | d. | controlled experiment. | | |
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19.
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Biology is the study of a. | the land, water, and air on
Earth. | b. | the living
world. | c. | animals and
plants only. | d. | the
environment. | | |
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20.
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Which
of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things? a. | growth and development | b. | ability to move | c. | response to the environment | d. | ability to reproduce | | |
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21.
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Which
of the following characteristics of living things best explains why birds fly south for the
winter? a. | Living things
respond to their environment. | b. | Living things maintain internal
balance. | c. | Living things are
made up of units called cells. | d. | Living things are based on a universal genetic
code. | | |
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22.
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Which
of the following conditions is necessary for a population of bison to survive? a. | All of its organisms must
reproduce. | b. | Some of its
organisms must reproduce. | c. | All of its organisms must live in the same
place. | d. | All of its
organisms must live to old age. | | |
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23.
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The
amount of light and temperature are examples of a. | factors necessary for life. | b. | methods of energy production. | c. | factors to which living things
respond. | d. | factors that
affect reproduction. | | |
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24.
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The
process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable is
called a. | homeostasis. | b. | evolution. | c. | metabolism. | d. | photosynthesis. | | |
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25.
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What
is the term for the land, water, and air on Earth? a. | population | b. | ecosystem | c. | biosphere | d. | environment | | |
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26.
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What
is the term for a group of organisms of one type living in the same place? a. | biosphere | b. | ecosystem | c. | population | d. | environment | | |
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27.
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Which
of the following terms includes all the others? a. | biologist | b. | botanist | c. | zoologist | d. | ethologist | | |
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28.
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Which
level of organization includes all of the other levels? a. | organism | b. | ecosystem | c. | population | d. | community | | |
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29.
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In the
metric system, the basic unit of length is the a. | centimeter. | b. | kilometer. | c. | millimeter. | d. | meter. | | |
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30.
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How
many centimeters are there in 2.4 km? a. | 2400 | b. | 2,400 | c. | 24,000 | d. | 240,000 | | |
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31.
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On the
Celsius temperature scale, how many degrees are between the freezing and boiling points of
water?
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32.
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Which
is NOT a unit of measurement in the metric system? a. | meter | b. | inch | c. | liter | d. | gram | | |
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33.
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The
basic unit of mass in SI is the a. | meter. | b. | ounce. | c. | liter. | d. | gram. | | |
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34.
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To
observe a small living organism, a scientist might use a(an) a. | electronic balance. | b. | TEM. | c. | compound light microscope. | d. | electron microscope. | | |
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35.
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The
use of a compound light microscope a. | is necessary to study biology at the chemical
level. | b. | is required for
most experiments. | c. | has expanded the study of
biology. | d. | is an essential
tool for producing three-dimensional images. | | |
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36.
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Which
of the following is the best reason for using a scanning electron microscope? a. | ability to magnify objects that are larger than 0.2
micrometers | b. | ability to
observe live organisms | c. | ability to see three-dimensional images of the surfaces of
objects | d. | ability to see
movement within living cells | | |
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37.
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An
instrument that allows light to pass through the specimen and uses two lenses to form an image is
a(an) a. | compound light
microscope. | b. | electron
microscope. | c. | TEM. | d. | SEM. | | |
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38.
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What
technique is used to separate the different cell parts? a. | microscopy | b. | cell culture | c. | cell fractionation | d. | all of the above | | |
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39.
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Safety
procedures are important when working a. | in a laboratory. | b. | in the field. | c. | with animals. | d. | all of the above | | |
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40.
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What
types of living organisms should you NOT come into contact with in your biology
laboratory? a. | plants | b. | organisms that cause disease | c. | organisms that can only be seen with a
microscope | d. | animals | | |
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41.
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The
three particles that make up an atom are a. | protons, neutrons, and isotopes. | b. | neutrons, isotopes, and
electrons. | c. | positive,
negatives, and electrons. | d. | protons, neutrons, and
electrons. | | |
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42.
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The
space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains a. | protons. | b. | electrons. | c. | neutrons. | d. | ions. | | |
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43.
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Democritus believed that atoms a. | were composed of electrons. | b. | were composed of protons. | c. | could be divided. | d. | could not be divided. | | |
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44.
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The
nucleus is made up of a. | protons and electrons. | b. | electrons and neutrons. | c. | protons and neutrons. | d. | protons, neutrons, and
electrons. | | |
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45.
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Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons
and a. | a different number of
electrons. | b. | a different
number of molecules. | c. | a different number of neutrons. | d. | the same number of neutrons. | | |
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46.
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If an
atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is
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47.
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Which
of the following terms describes a substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in
definite proportions? a. | compound | b. | isotope | c. | nucleus | d. | enzyme | | |
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48.
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A
covalent bond is formed as the result of a. | transferring electrons. | b. | sharing an electron pair. | c. | transferring protons. | d. | sharing a proton pair. | | |
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49.
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What
type of electrons is available to form bonds? a. | valence | b. | nucleus | c. | ionic | d. | covalent | | |
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50.
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What
type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons? a. | neutral | b. | positive | c. | negative | d. | possibly positive or negative | | |
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51.
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The
most abundant compound in most living things is a. | carbon dioxide. | b. | water. | c. | sodium chloride. | d. | sugar. | | |
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52.
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Water
molecules are polar, with a. | the oxygen side being slightly positive and the hydrogen
side being slightly negative. | b. | the oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly
positive. | c. | the oxygen and
hydrogen sides being slightly negative. | d. | the oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen
side being slightly positive. | | |
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53.
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A
solution is a(an) a. | breaking of a
chemical bond. | b. | chemical
reaction. | c. | evenly-distributed mixture of two or more substances. | d. | combination of two or more
liquids. | | |
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54.
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If the
pH of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured, a. | both would be below 7. | b. | both would be above 7. | c. | the pH of stomach acid would be above 7, but the pH of
oven cleaner would be below 7. | d. | the pH of stomach acid would be below 7, but the pH of
oven cleaner would be above 7. | | |
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55.
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A
substance with a pH of 6 is called a. | an acid. | b. | a base. | c. | both an acid and a base. | d. | neither an acid nor a base. | | |
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56.
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Solutions that contain concentrations of H+ ions lower than pure
water a. | have pH values below
7. | b. | are
acids. | c. | are
bases. | d. | are
enzymes. | | |
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57.
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Amino
acid is to protein as a. | fat is to lipid. | b. | DNA is to RNA. | c. | sugar is to fat. | d. | simple sugar is to starch. | | |
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58.
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A
monosaccharide is a a. | carbohydrate. | b. | lipid. | c. | nucleic acid. | d. | protein. | | |
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59.
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Which
of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things? a. | carbohydrates | b. | lipids | c. | nucleic acids | d. | proteins | | |
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60.
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Which
of the following is NOT a function of proteins? a. | store and transmit heredity | b. | help to fight disease | c. | control the rate of reactions and regulate cell
processes | d. | build tissues
such as bone and muscle | | |
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61.
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When
hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water would be a. | a product. | b. | a reactant. | c. | both a product and a reactant. | d. | neither a product nor a
reactant. | | |
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62.
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Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O
® H2CO3. a. | CO2, H2O, and
H2CO3 | b. | CO2 and
H2O | c. | H2CO3 | d. | CO2 | | |
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63.
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What
is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started? a. | adhesion energy | b. | activation energy | c. | cohesion energy | d. | chemical energy | | |
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64.
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Chemical reactions that release energy a. | will not occur. | b. | will sometimes occur. | c. | will always explode. | d. | often occur spontaneously. | | |
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65.
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If a
reaction in one direction releases energy, the reaction in the opposite direction a. | also releases energy. | b. | absorbs energy. | c. | destroys energy. | d. | cannot occur. | | |
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66.
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Which
of the following is a form of energy released during a chemical reaction? a. | heat | b. | sound | c. | light | d. | all of the above | | |
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67.
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Which
of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true? a. | Enzymes work best at a specified
pH. | b. | All enzymes work
inside cells. | c. | Enzymes are
proteins. | d. | Enzymes are
organic catalysts. | | |
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68.
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Which
of the following statements is true about catalysts? a. | Catalysts slow down the rate of chemical
reactions. | b. | All catalysts are
enzymes. | c. | Catalysts are
used up during a chemical reaction. | d. | Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical
reaction. | | |
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69.
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A
substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an) a. | catalyst. | b. | lipid. | c. | molecule. | d. | element. | | |
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70.
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Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the a. | products of the reaction. | b. | speed of the reaction. | c. | temperature of the reaction. | d. | pH of the reaction. | | |
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