Back     Home                             Common Glossary

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

 

 

 

 

     A

•  
• ACL Access Control List, Handles security and usage of files for users and groups.
•  
• AFP AppleTalk Filing Protocol Lets a workstation manage files on an AFP server over an AppleTalk network.
•  
• APM Advanced Power Management A feature that turns off certain types of monitors if there's no activity  for a specified amount of time.
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• ARP Address Resolution Protocol Translates an Internet address to a host address.
•  
• ASET Automated Security Enhancement Tool Manages security to systemfiles using three levels: low. Medium and high.
•  
• Autologic APS-5 Autologic Adobe Post Script level 5 "Autologic" is a vendor for Comercial and Newspaper prinitng Pre-press systems.

 

          B

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• BASE HTML tag, specifies an absolute address via a relative address.
•  
• BBoard Bulliten Board A global Information system that was used prior to the Internet. Is still in use today.
•  
• BDF Bitmap Distribution Format A text based format for Adobe screen fonts.
•  
• BFD Binary File Descriptor A library for low level binary manipulation.
•  
• BIND Berkeley Internet Name Domain The daemon that runs the DNS server.
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• boot time The time it takes for a computer system to go from power-on to a prompt.
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• BOOTP BOOTstrap Protocol Is a protocol that allows a network user to automatically get an IP address and boot over a network.
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• bpi Bits per Inch A unit of measure describing the amount of data bits that are stored per inch of storage media.
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• broadcast A signal transmission that is sent from one device to another through a network.
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• BSD Berkley Software Distribution The UNIX kernel developed at Berkley university.
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• BSM Basic Security Module A C2 (U.S. Govenment standard) level auditing system in Solaris.
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• BSMTP Batched Simple Mail Transfer Protocol A program package for batched SMTP in Sendmail.
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• BSS Block Started by Symbol Data segment made by linkers in UNIX that is uninitialised.
•  
• B-Tree Balanced tree A special type that could have two subtrees at each node.

 

      C

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• CDE Common Desktop Environment A desktop standard used by certain UNIX vendors.
•  
• CDM Custom Device Module Drivers for handling storage devices.
•  
• charmap character map A table containing the definition of a set of characters. For example  ASCII, Alphabet 5, etc.
•  
• chunk A section of data of a pre-defined size.
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• CJK Chinese Japanese Korean characters or encodings
•  
• CMD Compatibility Mode Device A driver to run IPX applications on an IP-only network in NetWare.
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• cookies Data written by websites to a local host's hard drive.
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• CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture A distributed object architecture.
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• CPU Central Processor Unit The computer chip that executes and controls programed instructions, logical and arithmetric operations and controls input/output functions in a computer.
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• CR Carriage Return The control character that takes the cursor to the left margin.
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• CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check Detection system used for transmission errors.
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• CRT Cathode Ray Tube A vacuum tube that is used to produce images on a monitor or TV.This is done by sending an electron beam across the phosphorescent inside surface of the monitor.
•  
• CVS Concurrent Versions System Is a program used to let software developers control the the changes made to source code.

 

        D

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• DC Domain Controller A database for user, group and computer account information.
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• DEC Digital Equipment Corporation Known for its VMS operating system and its minicomputer and PC business. Presently a part of the Compaq Corperation


• delimiter A character that marks the beginning or the end of a data segment.
•  
• DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Automatic distribution of IP-addresses.
•  
• digest If using e-mail, it is a periodic mailing of a group of messages from a mailing list. When refering to commands, is a command that is sent to a list server requesting that any postings be sent to a subscriber.
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• DLIM DeLIMiter The character used between each folder name in the pathname.
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• DMA Direct Memory Access A utility that lets a device read and write directly to the memory.
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• DMB format Disk-usage Management Board A specific type of database format used for Disk-usage management.
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• DN Distinguished Name The unique name of a user or group that is used in a directory server.
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• DNS Domain Name System Is a database of Internet names and addresses which is used when translating into Internet Protocol addresses.
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• DoD Department of Defense A source for host tables among other things.
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• DS Directory Services A database where all network objects are managed, e.g. Servers, printers and users.
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• DSC Document Structuring Convention A special type of file format used for PostScript documents.
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• DSK NetWare Loadable Module Type of driver for used for adapters and peripherals.

 

         E

•  
• EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code Alphanumeric code standard from IBM, used in their mainframe computers.
•  
• Echo Copies what ever that follows to the monitor.
•  
• EEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
• by an application on the fly. It does not need to be taken out from
• the computer in order to change it.
•  
• ELF Executable and Linking Format Binary file format used in the kernel.
•  
• ELM ELectronic Mail A mail client in Linux.
•  
• El Torito A bootable CD-ROM format A standard that defines how CD-ROMs can store several floppy or hard disk images on a single CD-ROM and make them bootable.
•  
• EOF End Of File A character sequence that marks the end of a file.
•  
• epoch January 1, 1970, 00:00, The start time reference for all UNIX systems.
•  
• Ethernet address The MAC address Hard coded address on an Ethernet adapter. 12 characters long.
•  
• ext2 Extended 2 A filesystem used by most Linux distributions.

 

        F

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• FAT File Allocation Table A table that is used by an operating system in order to keep track and manage the information that is written to a hard disk or other storage media.
•  
• FEPROM Flashable Electronic Programmable Read Only Memory.Similar to EEPROM but allows you to only erase in blocks or the
• entire chip.
•  
• FFB Fast Frame Buffer A technology used in graphic accelerators.
•  
• FIB Forwarding Information Base Similar to a routing table.
•  
• FIFO First In First Out Handles program job requests from stacks or queues in the order that they arrived.
•  
• firmware Software that is installed in the ROM or PROM which is used to control a device like a motherboard or harddisk during system
• startup.
•  
• flavor A type or variant of a program, an option or an operand.
•  
• FMLI Form and Menu Language Interpreter Provides a developer framework in order to write applications that use menus or forms. It can also be used to control screen management.
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• FNS Federation Naming System A method for federating multiple naming services.
•  
• Fortran FORmula TRANslation Programming Language
•  
• FSCK File System ChecK Checks and repairs a filesystem in Linux.
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• FSType File System Type


•  
• FTAM File Transfer Access and Management Allows remote access and manage levels of file structure.
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• FTP File Transfer Protocol A protocol and a program for managing files between two hosts.
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• FTTP File Transfer Tunneling Protocol Is a protocol that is used to tunnel FTP packets.

 

        G

•  
• GB GigaByte Is the same as 1,073,741,824 bytes.
•  
• GC Garbage Collection The process of reclaiming dynamically allocated storage during a program execution.
•  
• GECOS General Electric Comprehensive Operating System A General Electric Operating System from 1962. Was orginally
• developed for the 36-bit GE-635.
•  
• GET http://www.w3.org/Protocols/HTTP/Methods/Get.html Is a way of retrieving information on web-servers.
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• GID Group Identity The group number in UNIX.
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• Glob Expands the wildcards in a pathname.
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• GMT Greenwich Mean Time A reference for all time zones around the world (Greenwich observatory in England).
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• GNATS GNU Bug Tracking System A toolkit for tracking bug-reports.
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• GNS Get Near Server A broadcast function on NetWare clients.
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• GNU Gnu Not UNIX General Public License, the source code is free to the public.
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• GTK+ application Gimp Tool Kit A toolkit for graphical interfaces primarily for X-Windows.

 

      H

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• HAM Host Adapter Module A network interface, network-card.
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• hang When a program or system doesn't respond to user input anymore.
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• HEAD HEADer HTML tag, specifies general conditions for one HTML document.
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• HEX HEXadecimal Number with a base of 16, starts with 0 to 9 and continues with A to F.
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• Hot Fix Automaticly repair partition tables
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• Hot Insertion A device that could be attached to a system while it's running.
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• hotplug A device that could be attached to a system while it's running.
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• HREF Hypertext REFerence HTML tag, specifies a link to another URL.
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• HTML Hyper Text Markup Language Formatting standard used in homepages on the internet. Hyper refers to linked items.
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• HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol A network protocol used on the Internet.

 

       I

•  
• I/O In Out Referring to where signals are received and transmitted.
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• IBSS Independent Basic Service Set A wireless network configuration that does not require that a node (computer) function as a server.
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• ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol An extension of IP handling error, testing and information messages.
•  
• ICMP ECHO Sends an ICMP packet to a specified host and expects it to echo back a response.
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• IKE Internet Key Exchange A protocol that handles keys for authentication.
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• IMAKEFILE A tool for making portable Makefiles.
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• Interactive mode A program that can be controlled via a dialog by a user.
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• IP Internet Protocol The network layer in TCP/IP.
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• IP Aliasing Internet Protocol Aliasing Used when setting multiple IP addresses to a specified network device.
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• IPL Initial Program Load Part of the boot sequence that copies the kernel to memory.
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• IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange A network protocol used by Novell in NetWare.
•  
• IRF Inherited Rights Filter Controls the inherted rights of objects.
•  
• ISA Industry Standard Architecture A bus (hardwire computer connection) standard for personal computers.
•  
• ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network A digital phone standard used for transferring data between hosts.
•  
• ISMAP Interactive Server-side image-MAP An attribute to the HTML-tag IMG that handles coordinates on a image.
•  
• Java A programming language made by Sun Microsystems.
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• JNI Java Native Interface A programming interface for Java.

 

       K

• KB Kilobyte Is the same as 1024 Bytes.
•  
• Kerberos A protocol used for authentication on a network.
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• kmem_flags kernel memory debug flags A set of flags for auditing the kernel memory.

 

        L

•  
• LAN Local Area Network A network inside or outside a gateway.
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• LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol A protocol for accessing X500 directories.
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• LDIF Lightweight Directory Interchange Format A text file for synchronization between LDAP servers.
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• LED Light Emitting Diode A small light bulb normally in red, green and yellow.
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• LF Line Feed A special character that represents one line feed.
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• LILO Linux boot Loader Enables multiple boot alternatives e.g. Linux or W98.
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• litout Literal values
•  
• LMTP Local Mail Transfer Protocol A mail protocol used for certain environments.
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• Load The act of installing a program, action or function in a computer.
•  
• locale Refers to a country specific set up that handles character, date and time formats etc.
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• LP Line Printer A print spooling command in UNIX.
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• LPQ Line Printer Queue A print queue command in UNIX.
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• LWP Light Weight Process A sub-process that is single threaded.

 

       M

•  
• MAC Media Access Control Is a physical, hard coded address in network devices.
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• MAC Message Authentication Code A code used for the validation of data transfered between two hosts.
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• Mac Apple hardware, it could be e.g. Macintosh, PowerMac, iBook.
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• MAKEFILE A file containing definitions for the C-compiler.
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• MB Megabyte Is the same as 1,048,576 Bytes.
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• MBR Master Boot Record Information on a bootable disk that says where and how the OS is located.
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• MCA Micro Channel Architecture A 32-bit bus architecture from IBM.
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• MDA Mail Delivery Agent General term for a program that transports mail.
•  
• MIB Management Information Base Management Information Bit Is a binary file containing management information that complies
• with the SNMP standard that is used by management applications.
•  
• MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions Provides the ability to transfer multimedia files on the Internet.
•  
• MLA Master License Agreement Partnership with Novell for customer support.
•  
• MOF Managed Object Format Is a programming language that allows a developer to use a standard editor in order to describe a set of CIM classes.
•  
• mount point A directory to where a device is reached, e.g. the CD-ROM could be at the mount point /cdrom.
•  
• MQID Mail Queue ID Internal number that the mail client uses.
•  
• MTU Maximum Transmission Unit How many bytes, excluding the header and trailer, that a frame can transport.
•  
• multicast Sending data over a network to selected hosts.

 

     N

•  
• NAT Network Address Translation A device used to share an IP-address inside a LAN.
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• NCP Netware Core Protocol A protcol used in NetWare for file and print service functions.
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• NDS Novell Directory Services A tree structure in NetWare where all network objects are managed.
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• network interface A device on a network node that physically connects it to the cable-system.
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• NEWLINE New Line The control character that represents a new line.
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• NFS Network File System A network protocol to mount server volumes in the tree structure on a local host, made by Sun Microsystems.
•  
• NIC Network Interface Card A device on a network node that physically connects it to the cable-system.
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• NICI Novell International Cryptography Infrastructure Provides encryption services for authentication.
•  
• NIS Network Information System Formerly called YP. Is used to handle users and groups over a network.
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• NL New Line The control character that represents a new line.
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• NLM NetWare Loadable Module Programs that are able to run on the Netware server.
•  
• NMA NetWare Management Agent Is an agent that allows mangement from management software.
•  
• NMH New Message Handler A program suite that manages mail.
•  
• Node Any connection point on a network (PC, printer, server, etc.)
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• NR number Is a numeric value
•  
• nroff New roff A text formatting language and interpreter.
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• NTP Network Time Protocol A protocol for syncronisation of time on hosts.
•  
• NW NetWare The name of the server OS from Novell.
•  
• NVRAM Non Voltage Random Access Memory Memory that doesn't need electrical power to hold information. Used
• for storing BIOS information on some systems.

 

        O

•  
• OCF Open Card Framework An open standard for Smart-Card.
•  
• ODBC Open Data Base Connectivity A standard for applications managing information in a database.
•  
• ODI Open Data-link Interface A network adapter interface made by Novell.
•  
• ODM Object Data Manager A database for drivers and hardware in AIX.
•  
• OLF An executable file format created by OpenBSD.
•  
• opcodes operation code Flags that tell a program what it should do.
•  
• ORB Object Request Broker Part of CORBA that is an object-oriented programming standard.
•  
• OS Operating System Software that is the interface between hardware and applications.
•  
• OU Organizational Unit object An optional object in the NDS that resides under a Organization object.

 

        P

•  
• PAD Packet Assembler Disassembler A device that splits data before transmission on some media and integrates the media streams at the receiver
•  
• PAM Plugable Authentication Module. System for handling user login security on UNIX hosts.
•  
• Parsable A file that can be divided up and processed
•  
• PAT Page Allocation Table Used to repair corrupted Btrieve databases.
•  
• PCF Portable Compiled Format A programming language for functional programming.
•  
• PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association Formal name of a PC-Card or credit card sized expansion cards for
• laptop PC's, Network interface, modem or SCSI interface.
•  
• peer Comunication on the same protcol layer over a network.
•  
• PIC Position Independent Code A code that the OS can load at any address.

• PID Process IDentity The number that identifies a running process.
•  
• PING Packet InterNet Grouper A program to check a network connection.
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• Pipe A pipe is a bi-directional communication path between the client and the server.
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• PNP Plug and Play Is a method for computers to automatically detect new hardware.
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• POP Post Office Protocol A protocol for one host receiving mail from a mail-server.
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• POSIX Portable Operating System Interface A standard letting applications to run on different UNIX platforms.
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• POST Power On Self Test A series of tests that allows the device to check itself.
•  
• PostScript (PS) A page description format made by Adobe.
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• PPP Point to Point Protocol A standard used for transmissing IP-packets on a serial line.
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• PPPRNS Point to Point Protocol Remote Node Service A dial in utility that lets a remote host act as if it was on the LAN.
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• PROM Programmable Read Only Memory A memory chip that only can be programmed once.
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• PSM Platform Support Module A driver mostly used for Multiprocessor configurations.
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• PTY Pseudo Terminal A driver used for connecting between a virtual controller and a slave.

 

        Q

•  
• Quota Part of a storage unit A Quota limit specifies maximum harddisk usage.

 

        R

•  
• RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol Translates the MAC-address into an IP-address.

·         Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) Although mirroring and duplexing are forms of RAID, most people think of RAID as involving more than two drives. The most common form of RAID is RAID-5, which is the striping of data across three or more drives, providing fault tolerance if one drive fails.

·         For the best disk performance, consider using a SCSI RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) controller. RAID controllers automatically place data on multiple disk drives and can increase disk performance.

·          

·         Using the software implementation of RAID provided by NT would increase performance if designed properly, but the best performance is always realized through hardware RAID controllers.

·          

·         Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks level 0 (RAID0) A RAID scheme that uses data stripping to improve disk performance but does not protect against data loss due to drive failure. Consider using RAID 0 (disk striping without parity) opposed to RAID 5 (disk striping with parity).

·         Although RAID 5 provides some performance increase, RAID 0 provides the greatest performance increase since parity information does not need to be calculated.

·          

·         Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks level 1 (RAID1)  A RAID version using two hard disks with identical contents. Because RAID level 1 (RAID1) does not employ data stripping, it offers no speed advantage. If you are worried about data loss in the event of a failure, ensure that users are not storing any data on the Terminal Server.

·          Instead, have them store data on a file and print server in the organization that is backed up regularly and/or uses a RAID 1(disk mirroring) or RAID 5 array.

·          

·         Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks level 5 (RAID5) The most common RAID version. RAID5 distributes both sectors and sector-checking functions across the entire array. Consider using RAID 0 (disk striping without parity) opposed to RAID 5 (disk striping with parity).

·         Although RAID 5 provides some performance increase, RAID 0 provides the greatest performance increase since parity information does not need to be calculated. If you are worried about data loss in the event of a failure, ensure that users are not storing any data on the Terminal Server.

·          

·         Instead, have them store data on a file and print server in the organization that is backed up regularly and/or uses a RAID 1(disk mirroring) or RAID 5 array.

·          

·         Remote Access Service (RAS) Remote Access Service is a built in feature of the Microsoft NT operating system. It allows users to dial establish a connection to an NT network over a standard phone line. Remote Access allows users to access files on a network or transfer files from a remote PC, over a Dial-Up Networking connection.

·         The performance of transferring files over a dial-up connection is very similar to the performance you would get if you were downloading a file from the Internet.

·          

·         Remote Application Manager (RAM) Currently, Program Neighborhood is available only in the Win32 client. The other clients still use an older client access technology called Remote Application Manager (RAM). RAM is an excellent client; however, it requires the user to manually create connections for published applications and servers before they can be used.

·         With RAM, the user is the one who must configure the connection. Users need to be educated about many different parameters to create these connections successfully.

·          

·         Remote control computing With remote control computing, an application’s interface is comparable to the remote control that you would use to operate a remote controlled car. Users can connect to a computer remotely and operate it, or applications that are running on it, from just about anywhere.

·          

·         Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Services protocol controlling Input/Output (I/O) between a terminal client and server. The RDP that the Microsoft Terminal Server client uses is based on the T-120 protocol which is a multichannel capable protocol that allows for separate virtual channels for carrying serial device communication and presentation data from the server, as well as encrypted client data.

·          

·         Resource Management Services (RMS) Citrix Resource Management Services is a systems management and application product designed to effectively manage Citrix server environments of all sizes. Ranging from single server installations to large-scale enterprise installations, Citrix Resource Management Services provides extensive audit trail, detailed billing reports and system monitoring.

·          In addition, this add-on product is compatible not only with Citrix MetaFrame and Citrix WinFrame but also for Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition.

·          

·         Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) A two-part cryptography method wherein the public key is common knowledge and the private key is held by the owner.

·         Roaming profile Microsoft also defines a third type of profile called roaming which follows a user to every computer on the network without the need for reconfiguration. Due to its very nature, all profiles in MetaFrame are in fact roaming.

·         Round robin A sequence that repeats continuously.

• RCPT ReCiPienT The mail address to which the mail is to be sent.
•  
• RDN Relative Distinguished Name The attributes that defines a DN.
•  
• regexp Regular Expression Pattern matching for wildcards in utilities on UNIX platforms.
•  
• RGB Red Green Blue The three basic colors used in monitors for representing a finate range of colors on the screen.
•  
• RMI Remote Method Invocation A remote procedure call  with the ability to pass objects.
•  
• root The highest leve of the hierachy Is the most powerful user account in UNIX A.K.A superuser
•  
• RPL Remote Program Load A module in NetWare that makes it possible for a host to boot from files on the server.
•  
• RPM Revolutions Per Minute Unit used to describe the speed of rotation, e.g. on a CD-ROM or harddrive.
•  
• RSA Rivest Shamir Adleman An algorithm used for authentication.
•  
• RSM Rack Storage Module A storage series from Sun Microsystems.
•  
• RT Real Time Refers to when a system responds immediately to a request.

 

       S

•  
• SA Security Association Handles security over networks.
•  
• SADB Security Association Data Base Contains information about security over networks.
•  
• SAP Service Access Point Part of a network address that tells which application that will handle the packet.
•  
• SCCS Source Code Control System A code management system used by UNIX vendors.
•  
• SCL Server Connection License One of several types of licensing configurations that are available for NetWare.
•  
• SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface Interface between computer and devices.
•  
• SDDL Security Descriptor Definition Language Defines the format of the string that describes a security descriptor in Windows.
•  
• semid Semaphore ID A group of semaphores that are under one ID.
•  
• SENA Sun Enterprise Network Array Network array products from Sun Microsystems.
•  
• SID Sccs IDentification String Each delta entry in SCCS has a SID that describes the release,level, branch and sequence.
•  
• SIGHUP SIGnal Hang UP A signal to tell the process to end.
•  
• SIGIO SIGnal In Out A signal to set a port to open.
•  
• SIGKILL SIGnal KILL A signal in UNIX that kill's a process instantly.
•  
• SIGTERM SIGnal TERMination Will tell the process to terminate and give it some time to do that.
•  
• SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol A program that runs IP over a serial interface.
•  
• SLP Service Location Protocol A protocol that provides client finding services on a network.
•  
• SMB Samba A software letting UNIX hosts mount Window servers.
•  
• SMID Shared Memory ID An identifier used for sharing memory between processors.
•  
• SMIT System Management Interface Tool A interface to mange system tasks in AIX.
•  
• SMP Symmetrical Multi Processing A multiprocessor technology that shares the I/O devices.
•  
• SMS Storage Management Services A program used to share hardware recourses over a network.
•  
• SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol A protocol that transfers e-mail between hosts.
•  
• SNF Server Natural Format A standard for font description files.
•  
• SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol A protocol used to control nodes in a IP-network.
•  
• socket hostname and port (hostname:port) A function for creating a virtual connection between processes, the
• form is hostname:port .
•  
• SOCKS A program suite that allows a host to reach resources outside a firewall without breaking the security system.
•  
• Source Router The default router, used to route Token Ring or SDLC packets.
•  
• SPARC Scalable Processor ARChitecture A CPU type used by SUN Microsystems.
•  
• SPP Sequenced Packet Protocol A transport protocol made by Xerox.
•  
• SPROcc Sun WorkShop Compiler C A C-compiler from Sun Microsytems.
•  
• SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange A protcol used for communication on NetWare servers for
• client/server applications.
•  
• SQL Structure Query Language A standard for managing and retrieving information in a database.
•  
• SSA SPARC Storage Array A storage series from Sun Microsystems.
•  
• SSA Serial Storage Architecture A storage series from IBM.
•  
• SSL Secure Socket Layer A protocol for secure mail via encryption on the Internet.
•  
• STDERR STandarD ERRor A channel definition in UNIX to the terminal, can be redirected.
•  
• STDIN STandarD Input A channel definition in UNIX to the keyboard, can be redirected.
•  
• STDOUT STandarD OUTput A channel definition in UNIX to the terminal, can be redirected.
•  
• sticky bit An option or setting that stays that way until it is deactivated.


• stream Transmission of continuous information and not sent in individual controlled packets.
•  
• STREAMS A function in the kernel that handles a stream.
•  
• SunButton A device with buttons for fast functions, used in 3D-applications.
•  
• SunDial A device used for handling zoom and rotation in 3D applications.
•  
• SUP Software Upgrade Protocol A protocol for automatic software management.
•  
• super user Refering to the ROOT user on a UNIX host who has control of all files.
•  
• syslog SYStem LOG manager Handles system log messages and stores them into files.

 

        T

•  
• taint A mode used when running Perl-scripts for higher security.
•  
• TAPI Telephony Application Programning Interface Combines public telephone lines and IP Telephony technologies.
•  
• TCP Transmission Control Protocol A protocol that is the transport layer on Ethernet and Internet.
•  
• TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol over Internet Protocol A protocol suite that handles both network and transport layers.
•  
• TERM TERMinal A variable name for type of terminal.
•  
• termcap terminal capabilities A database in UNIX for different terminal types and their control characters.
•  
• terminfo Terminal Information A database describing terminals.
•  
• text control characters. A series of control characters defining Space, tab, carriage-return,newline,etc.,
•  
• TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol A protocol for diskless hosts.
•  
• TLI Transport Layer Interface An interface to access facilities over a network.
•  
• TLIS Transport Layer Interface with Streams modules A network technology for handling streaming media.
•  
• TS Time Sharing class A priority system for processor access.
•  
• TSR Terminate and Stay Resident A utility in MS-DOS where functions could be reached by key strokes.
•  
• ttl Time To Live A counter in the IP header that tells if the packet should be rejected
• or returned.
•  
• TTY TeleTYpewriter Referring to a port or a terminal in UNIX.
•  
• typedefs Type Definitions A variable standard for C programming.
•  

         U

•  
• UA User Account The user in NetWare.
•  
• UDP User Datagram Protocol A protocol that handles self-contained data packets.
•  
• UFS Unix File System A filesystem in UNIX.
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• UID Users IDentity The uniqe name or number that the system uses for each user.
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• UIDL Unique ID Listing An identification system of every mail on a POP3 mail server.
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• UIL User Interface Language A programming toolkit for defining user interface elements.
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• UNC Universal Naming Convention Identification of a shared file on a computer.
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• UPS Uniterruptible Power Supply A device that controls the electrical power to a machine. protects the
• machine from high peeks and current dropouts.
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• URL Uniform Resource Locator An adress that is accessible on the Internet, e.g. http://www.NDTV.com
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• UTMP UserTeMPorary A file where the user accounting information is stored.
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• Uucp UNIX to UNIX Copy Protocol Programs used for managing files and executing commands between different UNIX systems.

 

       V

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• VDM Virtual DOS Machine An emulator running 16-bit DOS programs in MS-Windows.
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• VT Virtual Terminal A terminal emulation executed on a host.
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• VIS Visual Instruction Set A set of instructions used to enhance multimedia, image and networking.
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• VM Volume Management A utility for handling physical and logical volumes in AIX.
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• VMS Virtual Memory System An OS now known as OpenVMS used by Compaq.

 

       W

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• WMI Windows Management Instrumentation Provides integrated OS support for CIM based application management.
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• Wraps C-Callable procedures, handles Postscript to an interpreter.
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• Wildcard Special characters for multiple selections, e.g. ucg* is good for both ucgbook and ucgmedia.
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• WTMP A file with account information, stored when a user logs out.
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• WWN World Wide Name/Number A uniqe numbering system used by Sun Microsystems.

 

         X

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• X X11, X-window system A Graphical library used for building a windows environment.
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• XDMCP X Display Manager Control Protocol Is used to setup X sessions.
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• XKB X KeyBoard A keyboard map file in X-Windows.
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• xterm X-Window terminal Graphical console for X-Windows.
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• YP Yellow Pages Now called NIS, handles users and groups over a network.


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