Psychoanalysis
This field looks to understand connections
within a person’s unconscious and use these connections to diagnose and treat
mental disorders.
1825-----1850-----1875-----1900-----1925-----1950-----1975-----2000
-------------Breuer------------
----------------Jung-------------
-------------A.
Freud------------
Studied with Charcot who
was involved in hypnosis and took hysteria seriously
Became one of the
few physicians in
Went to The Nancy School to learn more about hypnosis, and
learned about the suggestive abilities of hypnosis
Created free
association in order to help people discover the roots of their hysterical
symptoms
Hysterics must deal
with their repressed experiences in order to resolve them
Sexual attacks are
the root of all hysterical symptoms (later retracted)
Dream analysis is
another way of investigating the unconscious and conveniently allowed for
self-analysis
Dreams are wish
fulfillment, wishes are expressed symbolically in dreams
Oedipus complex
discovered through Freud’s self analysis
Id à immediate gratification, the pleasure principle, instincts
Ego à the reality principle, realistic processes
Superego à Conscience, internalization of values
Psychosexual stages
of development à oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
Used hypnosis to
discover the causes of a woman’s hysteria, once a symptom was traced to its
root, it disappeared
Wrote Studies on Hysteria with Freud
Parted ways with Freud
because Freud placed too much emphasis on sex
Was the spokeswoman
for psychoanalysis after the death of her father
Applied
psychoanalytic principles to her work with children
Added to her
father’s ego defense mechanisms
The libido is the
driving force of personality but with fewer sexual implications than Freud’s
personality theory
Collective
unconscious à a component of personality which encompasses
all the knowledge that humans possess
Described
introverted and extroverted attitudes
Dreams represent
underdeveloped parts of the psyche
People to strive to
make up for feeling inferior in some areas by compensating in other areas and
also by overcompensating
People have control
over their destinies through the creative self
Social motives are
the things that drive people
Freud’s theories
were no longer relevant to Americans during the depression
Social experiences
determine psychological problems
There are three different
adjustment patterns of neurotic people
Personality traits
are not determined by gender