Exam Review
Date: Jan 23 Morning, 2007
Room ??? --> Mr. Warren

Date of revision: Jan 10 2007

Exam Format

• Multiple choice 60 marks
• Short answers   60 marks

Multiple choice on Scantron so make sure you have a pencil, ruler, calculator, and eraser.
Short answers will be answered in the booklet provided.
A formula sheet will be provided.
It is a 2 hour exam.
Bring your text book to the exam site for collection.

All four strands will be questioned, so don't ignore any of them.

Concepts that must be KNOWN!

1. Area under a curve, whats it mean and for what type of graph is it used
2. Periodic table and information that can be determined from it such as
   • metals from nonmetals
   • where the reactive elements are found
   • how many electrons, protons, and neutrons in any element
   • identifying chemical families
   • how many valence electrons in an atom
3. Bonding -- ionic and covalent
   which elements do which
4. Identifying reaction types
5. Balancing equations and recognizing a balanced equation
6. Acids and bases, what are they?
7. Be able to manipulate algebraic equations based on velocity and acceleration
8. Be able to read a graph
9. Be able to read a weather map; know the symbols listed and be aware that there are three types.
10. Vector analysis, know your directions N, W, S, E, be able to construct a vector triangle and make the appropriate angle and displacement readings.
11. Parts of the atmosphere
12. Cloud types
13. Catalysts
14. Chemical nomenclature
15. Indicator colour changes, what do they prove
16. Solve motion problems using required formula
17. Work with a vector diagram, using ruler and protractor, to obtain the resultant vector answer
18. Reading a food web diagram, be able to interpret the various tropic levels
19. The three main cycles studied: carbon, water, and nitrogen
20. What are phosphates used for
21. Factor the effect the rate of a chemical reaction, with examples
22. Severe weather conditions, be able to list them and discuss them
23. Factors effecting wind patterns
24. Population growth and patterns
25. The gas tests

And now for some specific material on each strand

Biology Strand

1. What is meant by the term biodiversity?
2. Explain the pathway of energy through an ecosystem?
3. Why are the carbon cycles (e.g. carbon cycle, water cycle, nitrogen cycle phosphorus cycle) important in the environment?
4. Although the atmosphere is mostly nitrogen (79%), many plants suffer from lack of nitrogen. Explain how this is possible. What are the ways that plants can get their supply of nitrogen?
5. List the biomes studied and give two physical (abiotic) characteristics of each biome as well as list two plants and/or organisms (biotic) that live there.
6. Draw a labelled diagram showing all the different layers of soil.
7. Draw a food chain using any of the following organisms: chicken, corn, human and fox. Use the same list to construct a food web.
8. What is the source of energy for all ecosystems?
9. What is the difference between a vulnerable species, a threatened species an extinct species?
10. What is a pesticide? What is the problem with them?

Chemistry Strand

1. For each of the following groups state the group number, the group name, how many valence electrons there are, how many electrons it gains or loses to form an ion, and the ionic charge it will have:
   Alkali metal    alkaline earth metals    halogens    noble gases
2. What is a pure substance?
3. List the elements that exist as diatomic gases and know their formulas.
4. Name the following compounds: Li₂S,   CuCl,   CuCl₂,   KNO₃,   CCl₄
5. Give the chemical formula for the following compounds: barium chloride, tin (IV) oxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, iron (III) sulfate, zinc nitrate, and magnesium sulphate. Please note that these are just examples and would not be directly on the exam as such.
6. State the law of conservation of mass.
7. Balance the following reactions:
   1. Mg + HCl -----> MgCl₂ + H₂
   2. C₃H₈ + O₂ --------> CO₂ + H₂
   3. Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ba(NO₃0)₂ ---------> Al(NO₃)₃ + BaSO₄
      You should also be able to name each compound and give the reaction type.
8. List the four factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction. Explain each using the particle theory.
9. List four types of chemical reactions. Give an example of each.
10. What is the range of the pH scale? What is the range for an acid, a base and a neutral substance?
11. What would you expect to have a higher pH value, vinegar or an sodium hydroxide? Explain.

Physics

• be able to solve word problems using the first four equation list above.
• you must be able to analyze a graph and recognize the various shapes for d vs t and v vs t and what slope of these graphs mean.
• you must be able to construct a vector diagram and use it to determine a displacement or a velocity.
• know how to determine the distance traveled from a velocity time graph.
• On a velocity time graph can you find or determine:
  a)speed,    b)acceleration,    c) distance travelled
• A car is speeding down a highway at a velocity of 120 km/h [E] when he spots a police car and begins to decelerate to s speed of 80 km/h. In what direction is the car accelerating? If the change in speed takes 20 s, what distance is require for the car to slow down to 80 km/h?

Weather

• Parts of the atmophere in their correct order.
• How does the atmosphere change with altitude?
• Which part of the Earth receives the most heat energy ? the least amount of energy? And how does this effect weather patterns?
• Explain how heat is spread throughout the Earth's atmosphere and in the hydrosphere?
• What is dew point and what does it tell you about relative humidity?
• List the different types of precipitation and explain how they are formed.
• What type of weather is associated with a high-pressure system? a low pressure system?
• Be able to sketch with proper direction and properly label, wind patterns across the globe.
• Difference between climate and weather and what causes or drives each.
• Winds: causes, directions across the globe.
  Local winds such as sea breeze; be able to explain.
• Ocean currents, wind patterns, the Coriolis effect
• Name three ways that clouds can form.
• Explain the jet stream and how does the Coriolis effect influence prevailing wind patterns.
• Extreme weather events; hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards, floods and droughts, temperature extremes.
• The three types of weather maps
  Reading weather maps and their symbols.
  When reporting the weather what variables are described?
• The various different cloud types
• Compare and contrast:
  1. Gulf stream & Labrador current
  2. dew & frost
  3. tornado & hurricane
  4. cold front & warm front
  5. stationary front & occluded front
  6. sea breeze & land breeze
  7. barometer & psychrometer
  8. relative humidity & absolute humidity

Sample Exam Questions

These question are designed as multiple choice question but the selections are missing, you determine what would be a correct answer and try to invent some wrong answers.

Chemistry

1. Given this equation which number completes the balancing? An MC question.
2. Given this equation what type of reaction is this?
3. Which of these indicators turns blue?
4. Which of these indicators turns yellow?
5. Bases always have PH's that are:
6. Which of these compounds is a(n) base/acid? Name or formulas can be given.
7. In order to speed up a reaction you could:
8. Hydrogen (other examples are oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.) gas can be tested by:

Motion; Physics

1. The formula for acceleration is:
2. Vector "A" equals 5cm North. Vector "B" is 4cm East. Vector "A" plus "B" is:
3. Which of the following is a vector quantity: (Which meand that you should know what a scalar is.)
4. Can you interpret or read what a graph tell you?
5. Make sure you can solve a motion problem using a formula.
6. What are the main formulae that I should know, if you are not sure then ask in class.
7. Which graph represents an increase in velocity for acceleration:
8. Which graph represents constant velocity or speed
9. How do you find the slope?
10. What is the difference between velocity and acceleration? Do you know the formulas that contain these terms?

Ecology

1. Which of these animals is a 1^st order consumer?
2. Mushrooms are considered to be a
3. The southern most biome in Canada is
4. A food chain is defined as a
5. Hogs, cows and horses in a barnyard would be considered a
6. A major cause of acid rain is
7. Ecology is a study of:
8. Biosphere consists of:
9. The correct ordering of soil layers is:
10. There are ______ number of biomes in Canada: Can you name them?
11. In this food chain the second order consumer is or the hetrotroph/autotroph is:
12. A pyramid of energy describes:
13. In order to put nitrogen into the environment:
14. Any species that no longer exists in one part of Canada but can be found in others is classified as:
15. In a food web mushrooms would be considered to be:
16. Plants and animals need nitrogen to make:
17. Population size is affected by:
18. Can you intrprut a population histogram
19. A biome is determined by:
20. Which of the following are abiotic:
21. The greatest danger of a pesticide is:

Weather

1. What type of weather do you get when a front passes through.
2. What are the different types of clouds and how does each form.
3. What instruments are used to make weather measurements.
4. What are the differences between a hurricane and a tornado?
5. Do you the different air masses and where they come from? and the type of weather conditions they produce?
6. Can you name the layers of the atmosphere in order?
7. How is energy transfered and what experiments where done to show these methods.
8. What is the difference between the "prevailing winds" and the "local winds"?
9. Can you describe &/or name the different cloud types?
10. What are the different types of precipitation?
11. What is humidity and what is its relation to dew point?
12. Do you know the various "weather map symbols"?
13. What instruments are used in weather forcasting, be able to name them & state what are they used for?

Exam Comments from last June's finals. These are general comments from several courses, but applicable to as well. Please try to learn from others mistakes and omissions.