How to tell if a warning is a hoax

Newsgroups: Various
Posted to groups that have nothing to do with viruses.

This information was received April 30, 1997 from IBM, please share it with anyone who might access the Internet.
Reference to an organization that has nothing to do with viruses. Request to spread it further. Forwarded from somewhere else.

If anyone receives e-mail from 'PENPAL GREETINGS!' please delete it W-I-T-H-O-U-T reading it!
Claims that it is spread by e-mail.

This is a warning for all INTERNET users - there is a dangerous virus being spread across the INTERNET through an e-mail message entitled 'PENPAL GREETINGS!
Contradicts itself. Above it says the message is FROM 'PENPAL GREETINGS!'. Here it says it is TITLED 'PENPAL GREETINGS!'

*DO NOT* DOWNLOAD ANY MESSAGE ENTITLED 'PENPAL GREETINGS!' This message appears to be a friendly letter asking you if you are interested in a penpal, but by the time you read the letter, it is too late. The 'Trojan Horse' virus will have already infected the boot sector of your hard drive, destroying all of the data present. It is a self-replicating virus and once the message is read, it will AUTOMATICALLY forward itself to anyone whose e-mail address is present in your mailbox!
Technical details which don't make sense. There is no such thing as a Trojan Horse virus.

This virus will destroy your hard drive, and holds the potential to destroy the hard drive of anyone whose mail is in your IN BOX and whose mail is in their in box, and so on.
More technical details which don't make sense: it is impossible for a virus to damage hardware. It contradicts itself: if it destroys your hard drive, how can it spread to other computers?

If this virus keeps getting passed, it has the potential to do a great deal of damage to computer networks worldwide!!!!
Multiple exclamation marks.

Please delete the message entitled 'PENPAL GREETINGS!' AS SOON AS YOU SEE IT. Pass this message along to all of your friends and other readers of the new group (sic) and mailing lists which you are on so that they are not hurt by this dangerous virus!!!!!
Request to pass it along. Multiple exclamation marks. The reference to "new group".

Summary

  1. Posted to newsgroup(s) that have nothing to do with viruses. YES
  2. Multiple exclamation marks. YES
  3. Forwarded from somewhere else. YES
  4. A request to spread the warning further. YES
  5. Reference to the FCC or other place that has nothing to do with viruses. YES
  6. Claims you get it from reading email. YES
  7. Claims that it is undetectable or that there is no cure. NO
  8. Overly technical details that don't make sense. YES
  9. Spelling and grammar mistakes. YES
  10. Being self-contradictory. YES
This message displays 9 out of the 10 warning signs. Definitely a hoax.

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