The R/3 basis software is the set of programs and tools which interfaces with computer operating system
the underlying database, the communication protocols, and the presentation interfaces. This software enables
the R/3 applications (FI, CO, SD, etc.) to have the same functionality and work exactly the same way no
matter what operating system or database the system is installed on. the R/3 basis software is an independent
layer that guarantees the integration of all application modules. When referring to the basis software in this
sense it is generally known as R/3 common kernel or R/3 middle ware. Kernel usually refers to the core or
nucleus of a system; middle ware means a set of programs which allows an independent interface between
an upper layer and a lower layer (it stands in the middle). Often these terms are also referred to as the
R/3 basis system or simply R/3 basis.
 

Besides the inter faces with the other system elements such as the operating system, database, network
and user interface the tools and components the R/3 system provides the following:

• The environment for the R/3 applications, built on the ABAP/4 development workbench and the ABAP/4 repository, which includes the ABAP/4 data dictionary .
• System administration and monitoring tools, including a common printing system and complex  and               comprehensive set of management transactions within CCMS.
• Architectural software client/server design, which permits system growth and allows the distribution                              of available resources.
• Authorization and profile management tools, Which takes care of user management and internal access                   control to system and business objects.
• Database monitoring and administration utilities.

The features of the R/3 basis system which enable these types of interfaces are as follows:

• The client/server architecture and configuration
• The use of relational database management system
• Graphical user inter face design for presentation