PRIMARY SOURCES and LINKS to OTHER SITES

1. Primary Sources:

• used in reference to Modernist and Post Modernist Aesthetics:
  • Adorno, Th. W. Aesthetic Theory.
  • Benjamin, W. "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reprodcution"
  • Block, E. et al. Aesthetics and Politics
  • Chiari, J. The Aesthetics of Modernism
  • Habermas, J. Modernity versus Postmodernity
  • Lukacs, G. History and Class Consciousness
  • Marcuse, H. Studies in Critical Philosophy
  • McLuhan, M. Understanding Media: The Extentions of Man

2. Secondary Sources:

• Adorno, Th. W. and Max Horkheimer The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception
• Adorno, Th. W. On Walter Benjamin: Critical Essays and Recollections
• Buck-Morss, S. Benjamin's Passagewerk: Redeeming Mass Culture for the Revolution
• Buck-Morss, S. The Origin of Negative Dialectics
• Buck-Morss, S. The Dialectics of Seeing
• Burger, P. Theory of the Avant-Garge
• Burger, P. Aporias of Modern Aesthetics
• Fekete, J. Culture, History, and Ambivalence: On the Subject of Walter Benjamin
• Habermas, J. Walter Benjamin: Consciousness Raising or Rescuing Critique
• Hansen, M. Benjamin, Cinema, and Experience
• Huvssen, Andreas, The Search for Tradition: Avant-Garde and Post Modernism in the 1970s
• Jameson, F. Postmodernism: Or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism
• Lenhardt, C. Anamnestic Solidarity: The Proletariat and its Manes
• Lenhardt, C. The Integrity of the Intellectual: In Memory of Walter Benjamin
• Lunn, E. Marxism and Modernism: A Historical Approach to Lukacs, Brecht, Benjamin, and Adorno
• Radnoti, S. The Effective Power of Art: On Benjamin's Aesthetics
• Radnoti, S. Benjamin's Dialectic of Art and Society
• Scruton, R. The Aesthetic Understanding: Essays in the Philosophy of Art and Culture
• Smith, G. (ed) On Walter Benjamin: Critical Essays and Reflections
• Smith, G. Thinking Through Benjamin: An Introductory Essay
• Smith, R. A. Aesthetics and Criticism in Art Education: Problems in Defining, Explaining and Evaluating Art
• Snyder, J. Benjamin on Reproducibility and Aura
• Szondi, P. Hope in the Past: On Walter Benjamin
• Todd, J. Production, Reception, Criticism: Walter Benjamin and the Problem of Meaning in Art
• Wolin, R. From Messianism to Materialism: the Later Aesthetics of Walter Benjamin

.

. 3. Art / Portfolio Sources:

• Beardsley, M. Aesthetic Inquiry: Essays on Art Criticsm
• Brandstetter, G. The Crisis of Representation
• Lyotard, J-F. The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge
• Stolnitz, J. Aesthetics and Philosopy of Art Criticism: A Critical Introduction
• Tucker, M. The Crisis of Representation

4. Computer / Internet / Virtual Images:

• used in reference to virtual reality:
  • Baudrillard, The Gulf War Did Not Happen
  • Brook, J. Resisting the Virtual Life: The Culture and Politics of Information
  • Landow, G. Hypertext: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology
  • Lanham, R. The Electronic Word: Democracy, Technology, and the Arts
  • Negroponte, N. Being Digital
  • Star, S. The Cultures of Computing
  • Turkle, S. Life on the Screen

• used in reference to computer interface:
  • Gaines and Shaw, 1995.

• used in reference to artificial intelligence:
  • Quillian, 1968.
  • Sowa, 1984.
  • Sowa, 1991b.
• used in reference to decision making:
  • Axelrod, 1976.
  • Eden, Jones, and Sims. 1979
  • Banathy, 1991.
  • Hart, 1977.
• used in reference to education:
  • Novak, 1977.
  • Novak and Gowin, 1984.
  • Lambiotte, Dansereau, Cross, and Reynold, 1989.
  • McNeese, Zaff, Peio, Snyder, Duncan, and McFarren, 1990.
• used in reference to the history of science:
  • Nersessian, 1989.
  • Thadgard, 1992.
• used in reference to knowledge aquisition:
  • Gains and Shaw, 1992b.
• used in reference to linguistics:
  • Graesser and Clark, 1985.
  • Woodward, 1990.
• used in reference to the philosophy of science:
  • Barwise and Etchemendy, 1990.
  • Roberts, 1973.
  • Toulmin, 1958.
• used in reference to the formal rules for concept map semantics:
  • Baader and Hollunder, 1991.
  • Borgida, et al. 1989.
  • Borgida and Patel-Shneide, 1994.
  • Brachman, 1979.
  • Cercone and Schubert, 1975.
  • Fahlman, 1979.
  • Gains, 1991.

DETAILED LIST of SECONDARY REFERENCES

Apple (1993a). Inside Macintosh Interapplication Communication. Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley.

Apple (1993b). OpenDoc Developer Overview. Cupertino, California, Apple Corporation.

Ausubel, D.P. (1968). Educational Psychology: A Cognitive View. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Axelrod, R. (1976). Structure of Decision. Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press.

Baader, F. and Hollunder, B. (1991). KRIS: Knowledge representation and inference system. ACM SIGART Bulletin 2(3) 8-14.

Banathy, B.H. (1991). Cognitive mapping of educational systems for future generations. World Futures 30(1) 5-17.

Barrett, E., Ed. (1989). The Society of Text: Hypertext, Hypermedia and the Social Construction of Information. Cambridge, Massachusetts, MIT Press.

Barwise, J. and Etchemendy, J. (1990). Valid inference and visual representation. Zimmerman and Cunningham, Ed. Visualization in Mathematics. American Mathematical Association.

Berge, C. (1958). The Theory of Graphs. London, Methuen.

Berge, C. (1973). Graphs and Hypergraphs. London, North-Holland.

Berners-Lee, T., Cailliau, R., Luotonen, A., Nielsen, H.F. and Secret, A. (1994). The World-Wide Web. Communications ACM 37(8) 76-82.

Bernstein, B. (1992). Euclid: Supporting collaborative argumentation with hypertext. Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder. CU-CS-596-92.

Bertin, J. (1983). Semiology of Graphics. Madison, Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin Press.

Borgida, A., Brachman, R.J., McGuiness, D.L. and Resnick, L.A. (1989). CLASSIC: a structural data model for objects. Proceedings of 1989 SIGMOD Conference on the Management of Data. pp.58-67. New York, ACM Press.

Borgida, A. and Patel-Shneider, P.F. (1994). A semantics and complete algorithm for subsumption in the CLASSIC description logic. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 1 277-308.

Brachman, R.J. (1977). What's in a concept: structural foundations for semantic nets. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 9 127-152.

Brachman, R.J. (1979). On the epistemological status of semantic nets. Findler, N.V., Ed. Associative Networks: Representation and Use of Knowledge by Computers. pp.3-50. New York, Academic Press.

Bradshaw, J.M., Ford, K.M., Adams-Webber, J.R. and Boose, J.H. (1993). Beyond the repertory grid: new approaches to constructivist knowledge acquisition tool development. International Journal of Intelligent Systems 8(2) 287-33.

Callon, M., Law, J. and Rip, A., Ed. (1986). Mapping the Dynamics of Science and Technology. Basingstoke, UK, MacMillan.

Cercone, N. and Schubert, L. (1975). Towards a state-based conceptual representation. Proceedings of AAAI75. pp.83-90. Los Altos, Morgan Kaufmann.

Chang, S.K., Ichikawa, T. and Ligomenides, P.A. (1986). Visual Languages. New York, Plenum Press.

CPCS (1993). RepGrid 2 Manual. Centre for Person Computer Studies, 3019 Underhill Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4E4.

Cropper, S., Eden, C. and Ackermann, F. (1990). Keeping sense of accounts using computer-based cognitive maps. Social Science Computer Review 8(3) 345-366.

Eden, C., Jones, S. and Sims, D. (1979). Thinking in Organizations. London, Macmillan.

Ellis, G. and Levinson, R., Ed. (1992). Proceedings of the First International Workshop on PEIRCE: A Conceptual Graphs Workbench. University of Queensland, Australia, ftp.cs.uq.oz.au /pub /TECHREPORTS /department /TR0241.ps.Z.

Ellis, G., Levinson, R. and Robinson, P.J. (1994). Managing Complex Objects in PEIRCE. International Journal Human-Computer Studies 4(1/2) 109-148.

Fahlman, S.E. (1979). NETL: A System for Representing and Using Real-World Knowledge. Cambridge, Massachusetts, MIT Press.

Gaines, B.R. (1991). An interactive visual language for term subsumption visual languages. IJCAI'91: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. pp.817-823. San Mateo, California, Morgan Kaufmann.

Gaines, B.R. (1994a). Class library implementation of an open architecture knowledge support system. International Journal Human-Computer Studies 41(1/2) 59-107.

Gaines, B.R. (1994b). A situated classification solution of a resource allocation task represented in a visual language. International Journal Human-Computer Studies 40(2) 243-271.

Gaines, B.R. and Norrie, D.H. (1994). Mediator: information and knowledge management for the virtual factory. SIGMAN AAAI-94 Workshop: Reasoning about the Shop Floor. pp.30-39. Menlo Park, California, AAAI.

Gaines, B.R., Rappaport, A. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1992). Combining paradigms in knowledge engineering. Data and Knowledge Engineering 9 1-18.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1992a). Documents as expert systems. Bramer, M.A. and Milne, R.W., Ed. Research and Development in Expert Systems IX. Proceedings of British Computer Society Expert Systems Conference. pp.331-349. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1992b). Integrated knowledge acquisition architectures. Journal for Intelligent Information Systems 1(1) 9-34.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1993a). Basing knowledge acquisition tools in personal construct psychology. Knowledge Engineering Review 8(1) 49-85.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1993b). Open architecture multimedia documents. Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 93. pp.137-146.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1993c). Supporting the creativity cycle through visual languages. AAAI Spring Symposium: AI and Creativity. pp.155-162. Menlo Park, California, AAAI.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1994). Using knowledge acquisition and representation tools to support scientific communities. AAAI'94: Proceedings of the Twelfth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence. pp.707-714. Menlo Park, California, AAAI Press/MIT Press.

Gaines, B.R. and Shaw, M.L.G. (1995). Concept Maps as Hypermedia Components. Knowledge Science Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.

Golden, J.L., Berquist, G.F. and Coleman, W.E. (1976). The Rhethoric of Western Thought. Dubuque, Idaho, Kendall/Hunt.

Goodman, D. (1993). The Complete AppleScript Handbook. New York, Random House.

Graesser, A.C. and Clark, L.F. (1985). Structures and Procedures of Implicit Knowledge. New Jersey, Ablex.

Gui, J.-K. and Mäntylä, M. (1993). Assembly modeling on the basis of a mechanical design prototype. Laboratory for Information Processing Science, Helsinki University of Technology.

Hart, J.A. (1977). Cognitive maps of three latin american policy makers. World Politics 30(1) 115-140.

Jonassen, D.H. (1990). Semantic net elicitation: tools for structuring hypertext. McAleese, R. and Green, C., Ed. Hypertext: State of the Art. pp.142-152. Oxford, UK, Intellect.

Karnopp, D. and Rosenberg, R.C. (1975). Systems Dyanmics: A Unified Approach. New York, Wiley.

Karnopp, D., Rosenberg, R.C. and van Dixhorn, J.J. (1989). Bond Graph Techniques for Dynamic Systems in Engineering and Biology. Journal Franklin Institute 308(3)

Kelly, G.A. (1955). The Psychology of Personal Constructs. New York, Norton.

Kremer, R. and Gaines, B.R. (1994). Groupware concept mapping techniques. Proceedings SIGDOC'94: ACM 12th Annual International Conference on Systems Documentation. pp.156-165. New York, ACM.

Lambiotte, J.G., Dansereau, D.F., Cross, D.R. and Reynolds, S.B. (1989). Multirelational semantic maps. Educational Psychology Review 1(4) 331-367.

Mac Lane, S. (1971). Categories for the Working Mathematician. New York, Springer-Verlag.

Madan, M. (1994). Evaluating Alternative Approaches to Knowledge Acquisition for an Expert System. MSc. University of Calgary.

McKnight, C., Dillon, A. and Richardson, J. (1991). Hypertext in Context. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.

McNeese, M.D., Zaff, B.S., Peio, K.J., Snyder, D.E., Duncan, J.C. and McFarren, M.R. (1990). An Advanced Knowledge and Design Acquisition Methodology for the Pilot's Associate. Harry G Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. AAMRL-TR-90-060.

Microsoft (1994). OLE 2 Programmer's Reference Volume 1: Working with Windows Objects. Redmond, Washington, Microsoft Press.

Moder, J.J. and Phillips, C.R. (1970). Project Management with CPM and PERT`. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Nersessian, N.J. (1989). Conceptual change in science and in science education. Synthese 80(1) 163-184.

Netscape (1995). Netscape Home Page. Netscape. http://www.netscape.com.

Nielsen, J. (1995). Multimedia and Hypermedia: The Internet and Beyond. Boston, Academic Press.

Nosek, J.T. and Roth, I. (1990). A comparison of formal knowledge representations as communication tools: predicate logic vs semantic network. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 33 227-239.

Novak, J.D. (1977). A Theory of Education. Ithaca, Illinois, Cornell University Press.

Novak, J.D. and Gowin, D.B. (1984). Learning How To Learn. New York, Cambridge University Press.

Ousterhout, J.K. (1994). Tcl and the Tk Toolkit. Reading, Massachusetts, Adison-Wesley.

Quillian, M.R. (1968). Semantic memory. Minsky, M., Ed. Semantic Information Processing. pp.216-270. Cambridge, Massachusetts, MIT Press.

Reisig, W. (1985). Petri Nets: An Introduction. Berlin, Springer.

Roberts, D.D. (1973). The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce. The Hague, Mouton.

Saint-Martin, F. (1990). Semiotics of Visual Language. Bloomington, Indiana University Press.

Shaw, M.L.G. and Gaines, B.R. (1992). Mapping creativity with knowledge support tools. AAAI-91 Workshop on Creativity: Models, Methods and Tools. pp.32-45. Menlo Park, California, AAAI.

Shaw, M.L.G., Gaines, B.R. and Linster, M. (1994). Supporting the knowledge engineering life cycle. Bramer, M.A. and Macintosh, A.L., Ed. Research and Development in Expert Systems XI. pp.73-86. Oxford, SGES Publications.

Shin, S.-J. (1994). The Logical Status of Diagrams. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.

Smolensky, P., Bell, B., Fox, B., King, R. and Lewis, C. (1987). Constraint-based hypertext for argumentation. Proceedings of Hypertext'87. pp.215-245. New York, ACM.

Sowa, J.F. (1984). Conceptual Structures: Information Processing in Mind and Machine. Reading, Massachusetts, Adison-Wesley.

Sowa, J.F., Ed. (1991a). Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge. San Mateo, California, Morgan-Kaufman.

Sowa, J.F. (1991b). Toward the expressive power of natural language. Sowa, J.F., Ed. Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge. pp.157-189. San Mateo, California, Morgan-Kaufman.

StarNine (1995). WebSTAR Home Page. StarNine. http://www.starnine.com/webstar/.

Streitz, N.A., Hannemann, J. and Thüring, M. (1989). From ideas and arguments to hyperdocuments: travelling through activity spaces. Proceedings of Hypertext'89. pp.343-364. New York, ACM.

Sun (1995). HotJava Home Page. Sun Microsystems. http://java.sun.com.

Thadgard, P. (1992). Conceptual Revolutions. Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press.

Tomiyama, T. (1992). The technical concept of IMS. RACE Discussion Paper, No. RA-DP2, Research into Artifacts, Center for Engineering, The University of Tokyo.

Toulmin, S. (1958). The Uses of Argument. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.

Travers, M. (1989). A visual representation for knowledge structures. Proceedings of Hypertext'89. pp.147-158. New York, ACM.

Vickers, J.N. and Gaines, B.R. (1988). A comparison of books and hypermedia for knowledge-based sports coaching. Microcomputers for Information Management 5(1) 29-44.

Watanabe, H. (1989). Heuristic graph displayer for G-BASE. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 30(3) 287-302.

Winer, D. (1992). UserLand Frontier User Guide. Palo Alto, California, UserLand Software.

Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical Investigations. Oxford, Blackwell.

Woods, W.A. (1975). What's in a link: Foundations for semantic networks. Bobrow, D.G. and Collins, A.M., Ed. Representation and Understanding: Studies in Cognitive Science. pp.35-82. New York, Academic Press.

Woodward, B. (1990). Knowledge engineering at the front-end: defining the domain. Knowledge Acquisition 2(1) 73-94.