The second part of my story begins in January of 1997. It was "Superbowl Sunday", but I had tickets to go see Miss Saigon. .... to be continued... ;-)
CFS and Adolescents By Karen Lang David S. Bell, MD "We've always assumed [in our culture] that if you cope well, your illness will be better, [that] you can cure yourself with a positive attitude," Dr. Bell said. "We were looking for a trend that better coping styles meant less fatigue." The study of 170 PWCs between the ages of 11 and 18 did not reveal such a trend. It found no correlation between positive coping styles and reduced fatigue, or between negative coping styles and greater fatigue. Duration of symptoms ranged from two years to greater than five years. Of the sample, 42% had been ill longer than five years, a finding that substantiates the possibility that a significant number of adolescents with CFS or CFS-like illness may experience a prolonged cycle of illness. 40% of the participants were age 11-12; 34% were 13-14; 15% were 15-16; and 10% were 17-18. Noting that it is possible to assess whether secondary gain, or primary or family emotional disorders are involved in a child's expression of illness, Dr. Bell reported that these factors were ruled out for all of the participants. Dr. Bell illustrated the difference between positive and negative coping styles by comparing the response of two patients to the question, "How are you feeling today?" The patient who is coping well says, "Fine." The one who is not coping well says, "Terrible! I can't do anything anymore, I'm stuck in bed most of the time and I feel awful!" Neither response, Dr. Bell noted, tells anything about the level of fatigue. The study also looked at the relationship between coping strategies and perceived self-confidence. It found no correlation between positive coping styles and higher self-confidence, but there was some connection between negative coping styles and lower self-confidence. There was no apparent relationship between social support and fatigue severity. An important result of this study, Dr. Bell pointed out, is that its findings are atypical of psychiatric or psychosomatic illness and even some physical illnesses, where positive coping mechanisms have been shown to improve the patient's condition. These findings support other evidence that CFS is not a psychiatric disorder. Dr. Bell emphasized that the study does not imply that adaptive coping mechanisms are not useful or valuable in disease management, only that they do not seem to affect fatigue severity.