MAISARAH BINTI MORSHED
2002174926
- Is a condition characterized by the progressive loss of bone density & thinning of bone tissue.
- Is the most common type of metabolic bone disease.
- Fractures of the vertebrae, wrists or hips (usually the first indications)
- Low back pain
- Bone pain or tenderness
- Loss of height over time
- Stopped posture
1. Genetics - if you have a family history of osteoporosis, there is 60% to go percent chance that you might also develop the condition.
2. Being female - 80% of those with osteoporosis are women.
3. Chronic medical problems - people with asthma, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, liver disease, or rheumatoid arthritis are at increased risk for osteoporosis.
4. Hormone deficiencies - menopause in women and various medical treatments in men can lead to hormone deficiencies that are the leading cause of osteoporosis in both women and men.
5. Alcohol - drinking excessive amounts of alcohol is one of the most common risk factors for osteoporosis in young men.
6. Smoking - smoking robs the bones of minerals. It increases the likehood of spinal fractures in men by two to three times over those men who don't smoke.
7. Lack of exercise - bones needs the stimulation of weight bearing exercise to keep them strong and fit. Without exercise they lose density and become weak.
1. EXERCISE - Is one of the best ways to slow or prevent problems with the muscles, etc.
2. A WELL-BALANCED DIET - balancing diet with adequate amounts of calcium.
3. AVOIDING SMOKING AND EXCESS ALCOHOL
4. INTERVENTION ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THREAPHY - menopausal women.
1.BISPHOSPHONATES
2.HORMONES (FEMALE AND NON-SEX HORMONES)
3.SELECTECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SERMs)
"Men who smoke are two to three times more likely to sustain a spinal fracture than are men who don't smoke"
"Heavy drinking is one of the most common risk factors for osteoporosis among men. The alcohol interferes with your body 's absorption of calcium and actually reduces bone formation".
"Bulimia and anorexia nervosa lead to loss of bone density in the lower back and hips and increase the risk of debilitating spinal and hip fractures".
"Without weight-bearing exercise such as walking, jogging, tennis, jumping or dancing, your bones are not stimulated to grow and strengthen".
1. Weight-bearing exercise.
2. Riding stationary bicycles
3. Using rowing machines
4. Walking
5. Jogging