Prologue & Introduction
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PROLOGUE
Praise be to God, who has created the the nine visible heavens and arranged them like concentric walls.
He is the sovereign of that boundless estate and gives sustenance to every creature now matter what its rank or state.
How many kings and princes have obeyed His decree!
His generosity is a feast open to all; His munificence is as lavish as a wedding-feast.
God the Most High, who bestows daily nourishment upon the birds of the air and the fish of the sea, distributes and disperses all things necessary for life.
This world is a charitable mansion. Those who have been its guests and passed their way have enjoyed its blessings to the full.
This earth is a way-station whose table-master is Mohammed, who was gladdened by God's words Were it not for you, I would not have created the universe.
He is a sovereign enthroned whose eminence is revealed in the words "I am at once closer to God than the closest of His angels, closer than any prophet who has been sent hither. How many kings of kings are his servants!
The call to prayer recited five times a day and the invitation to rise and pray in the mosque are concerts performed five times a day in his honor.
For those who adhere to his ruling guide the next world will be a festival as joyful as a circumcision feast.
Let us offer a.gift and scatter the pearls of devotion before that emperor of religion:
"Lord! May there be prayers for him and for his lustrous descendants and friends."
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Joy-giving minstrel! Use your pen like a plectrum and let the melodies flow forth.
The lines of the verses on the page resemble the thin and thick strings of a dulcimer.
Bring forth the handled inkpot and let it be your bow in which you set the pen as if it were an arrow.
Begin to set down harmonious lines filled with joy. Make your pen speak; make it sing like a trumpeted invitation to the festival.
Make me a companion of the pen-like flute. With one voice let us sing praises for the monarch of the world and then make them both dance to relate what transpired.
Ahmed Khan, the sultan of this age, who gives life to the way of His Excellency Mo-hammed
The equitable ruler of the age, God's Caliph, for whom the universe is a nine-chambered tent.
The shadow of God, the benevolent sovereign, whose shadow, like that of Mohammed, resembles no other
Duly set forth his law, for his business is to observe the rule of the apostle of God.
The reign of that sovereign, the equal of Jemshid, who is superior by God's grace, has become an age of festivities.
Who ever saw such days as those of his reign were? Every day of people's lives was a festive holiday.
Tell me, was there any other sultan whose reign was so carefree and untroubled?
The janissaries were paid on time and many also received regular support according to their needs and circumstances.
He eliminated excess and unessentials, bringing order to the state; during his reign the coinage was restored.
He was knowledgeable about developments and events in the world, be they as inscruta-ble as Kufic letters. 
He took part in holy wars and earned the title of Ghazi by his sword.
Thanks to him, those living in his reign enjoyed peace and prosperity. Protected by him, the world was carefree and untroubled.
First he made the world glad with peace. And then he celebrated it with a festival.
His true aim was to create a world free of trouble and distress; the festival was just a pre-text for this.
He had his princes circumcised. And through his generosity on this occasion he gave thanks for the blessings he had.
He arranged a celebration for his princes as they had attained the age of circumcision.
It was agreed by one and all that the place for the celebration should be Arrow-Field. 
That garden as vast as space itself was adorned with pavilions and flowers.
People took wing like arrows and flocked to that broad field.
Rivers of folk flowed there and the field turned into a boisterous and bubbling sea.
That great plain resembled a sea of men. And every pavilion there was an island in the sea's midst.
Sun and moon became invisible, replaced by the feast-trays laid out night and day.
Great was the banquet laid out for the folk: tables seemed to stretch from east to west.
On that field, the heavens were the masters of its protocol and the angels its sergeants-at-arms.
Eyes beheld neither sun nor moon but trays of rice and saffron-pudding.
Rain-clouds were the festival's water-carriers, transporting water in their skins.
I lack the power to describe that feast's fare. Better you let your own delights and imagi-nation be your guide.
Grasping moon and sun like tambourines, Morning-Star sparked the dawn afire.
Rays of daylight rose in the sky like masts from the dawning-place. The sun resembles an earthenware jar set on this spar of light.
Do not suppose that thunderbolts are striking here and there. Those are the reverberating flash and roar of cannon-shots.
The welkin resembles a huge bass drum and like it causes everywhere to resound with its thunder.
And what is that! A hurtling thunderbolt? Or else a tightrope-walking acrobat?
Is that the moon coursing above the lines of the firmament-covering clouds? Or else a cart moving upon a rope?
Is what we see the moon dancing flamboyantly in the sky? Or else a galleon sailing through the air?
The effulgent moon above the cypress resembled a bright gold coin set on a mast.
Rockets scattered wandering stars while guns seemed to spew lightning.
The heavens resembled nested hoops; the agile lightning put on a display of swordplay.
Like a fireman, the sky scattered drops of water from its clouds.
A fortress moved swiftly across the parade-ground as if a mountain were being eagerly grappled and overthrown,
Such that the parade-ground turned into Judgment Day: Are mountains marching? How can it be?
The tree erected on the field for the festival was as a glittering rose-bush on Mount Si-nai.
Its dew-bedecked roses on it were dippers filled with fresh-minted silver coins.
Cavalrymen drove their mounts madly and played jereed like dashing stars.
In short, horsemen and footmen paraded alike; but in the end, the field remained to those who train imaginary steeds.
They then came out one by one and in pairs, their pens resembling dusky, slender horses.
Eagerly each one straightened himself aright and shot, sending his bolt off with a "gid-dyap".
The thin reed pen was like a wooden horse; but this was not child's play.
Some of the participants in this contest of pens composed chronograms in Arabic or Per-sian to warm up their poetic skills. 
They had thought the field uncontested; but like crooked-shafted arrows, their efforts fell short of the target and skewered the earth.
This horse-race was literary. It was no place for amateurs.
The winners of th
Strophe
Let us understand the value of the sultan of the age, the caliph of God Almighty and give thanks for this boon we possess.
For during the secure and prosperous reign of that great prince, our every day was a glad and joyous holiday.
Beholding the munificence of the master of the universe the whole world's eyes bright-ened and faces shone.
The joy imparted by watching this jubilant festival left not so much as even an atom of gloom in anyone's heart.
Heedless one! If you missed this feast I pity you. Let me tell you what transpired so that you may at least have heard of it.
INTRODUCTION
Ghazi Ahmed Khan, who is the master of the world; who wishes the well-being of all who inhabit the face of the earth and is the honor of the sons of Osman; the pride of the rulers of justice, the ruling force of the earth, the reigning Alexander and auspicious sovereign who, like him, has conquered the world; who gives life to the path of the Prophet Muhammad and who upholds the principles laid down by him; God's deputy over all living creatures everywhere; the servant of Mecca where stands the Kaaba and of Me
dina where stands the tomb of Muhammad; the namesake of the Prophet who is master of this world and the next; sultan son of a sultan son of a sultan; who has secured numerous victories and won countless battles; the grandson of Sultan İbrahim and son of Mehmed--May God strengthen his state until Judgment day for since the day of his propitious accession, his radiance of luck and joy resembling a holiday morning have burnished away the darkness of worry and woe from the mirror of time, the gleam of his victory-moired sword has turned the dark-engulfed palace of the earth into a world of light, the thunderous drum of his majesty has banished distress and turned the mourning-house hearts of the creatures of the earth into a wedding-palace. Thus are the people of the world comforted by his protection. His iron sword casts a shadow like a willow-tree and the mischief of time has fallen asleep in its shade. The hearts of the people were seized by the beauties of delight and ease. Those fond of pleasure sought ways of dismissing care from their souls.As a consequence of God's unknowable wisdom to preserve his grandeur, vigor, and happiness from baleful eyes, his fortunate reign was not distressed by any thing save the Austrian affair, which struck fear into warriors' hearts and whose progress was in slow stages. Before very long even that confusion and bother turned into celebration and joy: the hangover of the wine of war and battle was replaced by the sweet and comforting intoxication of peace and repose. Thus the patent of joy was renewed. As one of the unlimited boons of God, the ruler of the lands of eternity, Muslims were granted possession of a country of joy and happiness. Everyone discovered a new vitality and attained the gladness of a brand-new way of life. In particular:
By the author
Those dwelling in İstanbul were happy to such a degree that
The vastness of their joy turned into the grandstand of a festival.
Therefore saying "There is no more refreshing and congenial time than an autumn day for the blade of the gardener of Holy Law, acting in accordance with the dictates of religion laid down by the Prophet Muhammad, to prune-so that they may blossom with the flowers of maturity and bear the fruits of manhood-each of the tips of the branches of those scions of glory and happiness that have sprouted from the bud-blossoms of that towering tree whose eminence and honor grow in the dazzling garden of sovereignty and also from that tree whose root is firm and whose branches are in the sky in the magnificent park of the line of caliphs; that is, there can be no better time or suitable opportunity than this for the gladsome princes--the precious.gifts of God, the Lord of East and West, those fruits of the tree of matrimony representing the union established when their father and mother espoused each other--to be circumcised in accordance with the beautiful custom of the Prophet Abraham and for the tips of the index fingers of their right hands to be marked with the henna of the Holy Law", the sultan decided to thank God for the blessings he possessed, to give a banquet of joy open to all, and to hold a merry festival. And to be reminded of this, he tied a string around his finger. These were the four basic elements of the sultan's body, the four pillars of the unshakable structure of the building of state, the four protective amulets of holy verse suspended on the forearm of happiness, the four-compounded counterpoisons carefully formulated in the laboratory of power-that is the princes, the eminent of the eminent, each one of whose happy bodies is the spirit of the four continents of the earth--May God preserve and protect them.
By the author
What kind of princes are these? Know that each one is the light of the eye of the sultan of the age.
They are the fruits of the sapling springing from the root of majesty. They grew up under the protection of their father, the Shadow of God.
The first distinguished prince, who resembles a huge pearl adorning the sovereign's crown is gloriously named Süleyman and is enthroned in greatness and merit.
The light of his greatness gleams in his soul and resembles a bright, full moon on the horizon of good fortune.
God has already crowned him with the glory of Solomon. 
The second is Khan Mehmed, the one and only, the peerless.
A most worthy sultan's son. His personality is the twin of good fortune and luck.
His substance is of the purest nobility. His creation was leavened by greatness.
No one with good fortune resembles him at all save only Khan Mustafa.
He also experienced glory and majesty at an early age and is the apple of the eye of the ruler of the age.
The unequaled Creator has also created him the twin of luck and good fortune.
The name of the fourth of these worthy princes is Bayezid.
Just as he bears the name of Bayezid the Old that sovereign's substance is also apparent in his personality.
He is still an unweened child; but what a beautiful child he is!
May God grant them all long lives and allow the sultan to see them grow old.
I pray to God that he will soon have a few more offspring as well.
On the
15th day of the month of Dhu al-Qa'dain the year 1132, the first steps were taken whereby the imperial reeds of their manhoods would be sculpted by the canonical razor and a circumcision feast would be held as dictated by the beautiful Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. In the past when a joyous festival of this sort was to grace public places, an ancient law of the enduring state dictated that glad tidings of it should be conveyed in the form of an eminent and esteemed sultan's firman dispatched to sherifs, khans, viziers, governors-general, and other grandees of state in Muslim countries and the Ottoman domains as well as to officers of the exchequer and envoys of sovereigns in foreign lands to repay the debts of thanks due of them and invite them to fulfill their ceremonial duties of congratulations. For this reason, a firman whose every word expressed wishes as befits a sovereign and whose forms of penmanship conformed to the stylistic manner of the auspicious sultan's command, and whose layout resembled a radiant festival-tree, and which was sealed with the seal commanding obedience was issued. At the command of His Excellency İbrahim Pasha, who hosts the tables in the banquet-house of goodness and generosity, who disperses favors like İbrahim Halil and satisfies all, whose word holds sway in Muslim countries, who is the fully-empowered deputy of the people's sultan, who has brought together everything needful for order, who occupies the place of eminence in the line of grand viziers arrayed like the stars of the Pleiades, who graces the powerful hand of the state, who is the greatest of the material and moral worlds, who is the husband of the sultan's daughter, who shares the secrets of the sovereign of the world, who is privy to the inviolability of the Harem in which are stored the secrets of the sovereign of the world, the head of the viziers, the keystone of the government, who both commands and guides, who dispenses, seeks, and finds happiness, who sets the affairs of state in order, who resolves the difficulties that the common-folk encounter,Poesy
Who brings order to the affairs of country and nation, who graces the highest office of the government, who is the strong pillar of the country's structure, 
Who honors the office of grand vizier with his presence, and who brings order to the whole world.
This firman was rescripted by Mehmed Efendi, who presently graces the office of chief secretary, who is alone in charge of that place where secret negotiations are conducted, the head of literati, the planet Mercury in the firmament of the Imperial Council, and the most venerable of versed men. Wielding his black pen and choosing and weighing his peerless words and phrases he wrote out letters in the meaning set forth above employing well-formed and fine expressions and an unmatched style and this joy-compelling news was dispatched in every direction.
The text of this worry-dispelling letter is quoted in full below so that it may serve as a model for statesmen when necessary.
This is a true copy of the letter of incomparable style sent to viziers in the provinces by the exalted state.
Veritably and sincerely it is announced that the greatest of the great sultans, the grandest of the grand rulers, the king of kings for whom the spheres of the heavens act as slaves, our majestic, awesome, mighty, and noble master, His Excellency the Sultan of Islam (may God strengthen those who aid him until Judgment Day), recognizing that the precious offspring of the royal house, the fine.gifts of Almighty God, one name of whom is "Generous" for He generously fulfills all wishes, the handsome and intelligent royal sons who are admired and praised by all-the glorious Prince Süleyman, who gleams like a star in the firmament of religion and is worthy of the crown and seal of sovereignty; the amiable and generous Prince Mehmed, who deserves to be crowned and to rule and who is comparable to a cypress-tree soaring in the gardens of mastery; Prince Mustafa, who graces both throne and royal power, who beautifies the state and country, who is as outstanding as the moon in the sky; and Prince Bayezid, the young scion of sovereignty, the bright moon of the firmament of good fortune and excellence, the fresh strength and hope for a propitious and happy future (May God grant them all long lives and preserve the reign of their father)-have, watered and nourished with the help and support of Everlasting God, thrived and grown and that the lucky shoots of their fortunate bodies, which shine in the garden of honor and respect and adorn the park of happiness and esteem, have attained a state suitable and amenable to being circumcised on the occasion of a propitious circumcision-festival. In order to carry out this Muslim ceremony and comply with the beautiful Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad, the Master of Mankind, (May the greatest of prayers and most beautiful of greetings be upon him), preparations have, with the help of God the Sovereign and Gracious, begun for a circumcision festival to be held in the fall, the finest season, of this providential year. Whereas it is one of the oldest and finest laws of the state and one of the endurable praiseworthy rules of sovereignty that, when such joy-scattering festivals are given, the glorious viziers, esteemed governors-general, and the other grandees of the immortal state should fulfill their ceremonial duties of congratulations and thus repay the debt of thanks they owe for the blessings bestowed upon them now therefore this letter has been written and dispatched to notify and announce this joy-inspiring festival. The consecutive performance of the auspicious rite of circumcision on four princes who have been bestowed by All-loving God, who grants every wish as soon as it reaches Him, who inspire envy among the Pleiades whose stars are strung out like a necklace, each one of whom is as precious as one's eyes for the order of the world, who inspire confidence in the hearts of men in all stations, and who dwell in a four-story mansion erected for them in a lofty place is a cause for joy among people of every station, a singular and great benevolence, and an act of boundless magnanimity. Therefore it is to be hoped that the letter's recipients will be present to pay their debts of thanks for this favor and to fulfill the dictates of ceremony.
Letters of such compelling style were sent in every direction. The exultation of this joyful news transformed the circumference of every city's walls into a circle of festival musicians. Sharing in the food of this merriment and in the dispersion of its joyful benefits, everyone recited the Exordium sura beginning "Praise be to God" at the table of prayer and adulation.
Among those invited to the festival were His Excellency Osman Pasha the esteemed royal confidant whom the auspicious personage of the exalted sovereign had decided should, through marriage, be made to resemble the east-rising sun and illuminate his family hearth with the light of joy by becoming the spouse of Her Royal Highness Princess Emetullah, the sole pearly of the crown of chastity and most precious pearl of the necklace of innocence, the daughter of the preceding ruler, the late Sultan Mustafa Khan, whose country is Heaven, whose home is Paradise--may it please God to crown him with a celestial crown; and Ali Pasha, another sultan's son-in-law who enjoys the pride of such marital ties, a vizier and son o
f a vizier, the governor of Rakka, the intelligent and foresighted son of Kara Mustafa Pasha; and İbrahim Pasha, governor of Maraş, former sword-bearer, a vizier and son of a vizier, son of Hüseyin Pasha whom the noble-born sultan thought should place Her Royal Highness Princess Ayşe, daughter of Numan Pasha and a huge and precious pearl in the pure race of the same aforementioned sultan who has attained the mercy of God-may Allah cause the clouds of his grace to shed themselves upon him-like a poppy in the vase of merit; and His Excellency Captain Süleyman Pasha, pure of heart and an accomplished vizier, who was dispatched along to Vidin along with the imperial fleet whose cargo is success to repair that citadel. These all were ennobled and distinguished by the favor of an honorable invitation and were deemed worthy of privileged correspondence in a personal letter penned in a respectful style by the eminent and beloved grand vizier. These letters of invitation were dispatched in the hands of the grand vizier's men so that they might set out post-haste on their journeys.Notes
1. 15th day…: 18 September 1720.
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