Chapter 46

1. Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction.
2. List and describe four forms of asexual reproduction.
3. Explain how asexual reproduction may be advantageous for a population of organisms living in a stable, favorable environment.
4. Explain the advantages of sexual reproduction.
5. Explain the importance of reproductive cycles.
6. Distinguish among parthenogenesis, hermaphroditism, and sequential hermaphroditism.
7. Describe three mechanisms which increase the probability of successful fertilization that are found in organisms that use external fertilization.
8. List and describe the various methods of parental care by animals.
9. Using a diagram, identify and give the function of each part of the reproductive systems of an insect and a platyhelminth.
10. Using a diagram, identify and give the function of each component of the reproductive system of the human male.
11. Using a diagram, identify and give the function of each component of the human female reproductive system.
12. Discuss the hormonal control of reproduction in male mammals.
13. Explain the differences between menstrual cycles and estrous cycles.
14. Discuss the hormonal control of reproduction in female mammals.
15. Explain how the menstrual cycle and ovarian cycle are synchronized in female mammals.
16. Describe spermatogenesis.
17. Describe oogenesis.
18. Compare and contrast oogenesis and spermatogenesis.
19. Describe the hormonal changes which occur at puberty in humans.
20. Describe the four phases of the sexual response cycle.
21. Describe the changes which occur in the developing embryo and the mother during each trimester of a human pregnancy.
22. Describe the hormonal control of a pregnancy in a human female.
23. Explain the possible mechanisms which prevent the mother's immune system from rejecting the developing embryo.
24. List the various methods of contraception and explain how they work.
25. Explain how technological advancements are used to study human reproductive problems.