Chapter 7

1. Describe techniques used to study cell structure and function.
2. Distinguish between magnification and resolving power.
3. Describe the principles, advantages and limitations of the light microscope, transmission electron microscope and the scanning electron microscope.
4. Describe the major steps of cell fractionation and explain why it is a useful technique.
6. Explain why there are both upper and lower limits to cell size.
7. Explain why compartmentalization is important in eukaryotic cells.
8. Describe the structure and function of the nucleus, and briefly explain how the nucleus controls protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
9. Describe the structure and function of a eukaryotic ribosome.
10. List the components of the endomembrane system, describe their structures and functions and summarize the relationships among them.
11. Explain how impaired lysosomal function causes the symptoms of storage diseases.
12. Describe the types of vacuoles and explain how their functions differ.
13. Explain the role of peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells.
14. Describe the structure of a mitochondrion and explain the importance of compartmentalization in mitochondrial function.
15. Distinguish among amyloplast, chromoplast and chloroplast.
16. Identify the three functional compartments of a chloroplast, and explain the importance of compartmentalization in chloroplast function.
17. Describe probable functions of the cytoskeleton.
18. Describe the structure, monomers and functions of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments.
19. Explain how the ultrastructure of cilia and flagella relates to their function.
20. Describe the development of plant cell walls.
21. Describe the structure and list some functions of the extracellular matrix in animal cells.
22. Describe the structure of intercellular junctions found in plant and animal cells, and relate their structure to function.