CHAPTER 4, CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION QUIZ
CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1. Which is Not true about the cell theory?
Its various parts were described by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow.
It states that all organisms are composed of cells.
It states that all cells come from preexisting cells.
It states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously.
It is accepted today by biologists as applying to virtually all forms of life.
2. Which is Not a reason for the small size of cells?
As the linear dimensions of a cell increase, the volume increases twice as fast as the surface area.
Nutrients and waste must enter and leave the cell through the plasma membrane.
The nucleus can only control a certain amount of cytoplasm.
Materials must be able to move quickly and efficiently through the cytoplasm.
The increase number of organelles requires that eukaryotic cells be smaller than prokaryotic cells.
3. A high powered microscope that produces an image from scattered secondary electrons is the
immunofluorescence microscope
bright field light microscope
transmission electron microscope (TEM)
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
confocal microscope
4. A microscope that uses antibodies that glow to reveal the location of a protein in a cell is the
immunofluorescence microscope
phase contrast light microscope
transmission electron microscope (TEM)
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
confocal microscope
5. Which statement is Not true about bacteria?
Their cell wall is made of a slime layer that is same as in plant cell walls.
Some are photosynthetic.
Some are chemosynthetic.
They are all prokaryotes.
All of the above are true.
6. Which statement is Not true about bacteria anatomy?
The cell wall is located outside the plasma membrane.
The gelatinous sheath is located inside the cell wall.
There may be small rings of accessory DNA called plasmids.
Bacteria may have pili that help attach the bacteria to other structures.
All of the above are true.
7. Which is Not true of eukaryotic cells?
A true nucleus contains the chromosomes.
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound compartments.
The contain ribosomes that are smaller than those of prokaryotic cells.
They all contain mitochondria.
They contain many organelles in the cytoplasm.
8. Cells that do Not produce cell walls are
animal cells
plant cells
bacteria
algae
9. A eukaryotic organelle that can best be seen with the light microscope is the
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
ribosomes
polyribosome
microtubule
10. The nucleus is Not important as the site of
DNA synthesis
RNA synthesis
synthesis of ribosomal subunits
protein synthesis
All of the above are important.
11. Which of these is Not part of the endomembrane system of the cell?
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
Golgi complex
12. Which is Not true concerning the Golgi complex?
It consist of a stack of saccules.
Golgi complexes in animal cells have a forming face and a maturing face.
Molecules are modified within the lumen of Golgi saccules.
Lysosomes are vesicles that bind to enter the Golgi saccules.
Golgi apparatus contains enzymes.
13. Lysosomes are produced by the
vacuoles
nucleus
mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
ribosomes
14. Membrane bounded vesicles that contain enzymes for oxidizing small
organic
molecules with the formation of hydrogen peroxide are
vacuoles
vesicles
glyoxisomes
lysosomes
peroxisomes
15. Which is Not a characteristic of chloroplasts?
A chloroplasts is surrounded by a double membrane.
Chlorophyll absorbs solar energy that is used to form chemical bonds.
A membrane inside a chloroplast is called a thylakoid.
Stacks called grana are linked by membranous connections.
Chlorophylls are found in the fluid stroma of the chloroplast.
16. Which is Not a characteristic of mitochondria?
A mitochondrion has two membranes.
Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration.
Mitochondria are found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Mitochondria contain DNA and ribosomes.
The inner space of the mitochondrion contains a fluid matrix.
17. Which cytoskeletal element is Not correctly associated with its characteristic?
Cilia are small extensions of membrane surrounded microtubules.
Microtubules are made up of a globular protein called tubulin.
Centrioles are found in the microtubule organizing centers of plants.
Flagella have a 9 + 2 pattern of microtubule structure.
Basal bodies are located at the base of cilia and flagella.
18. Actin filaments are
also known as microtubules.
able to assemble and disassemble from component proteins.
intermediate in size between microtubules and microfilaments.
made of different kinds of components in different tissue.
19. The cells that line our respiratory tract, and one celled paramecia both have these short hair like projections.
flagella
microfilaments
centrioles
cilia
pili
20. From your knowledge of the function of lysosomes, the pH of lysosomes is likely to be
highly variable
5
precisely neutral or 7
9
12
21. Which of these best distinguishes a prokaryotic cell from a eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall, but eukaryotic cells never do.
Prokaryotic cells are much larger than eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells have flagella, but eukaryotic cells do not.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane bounded nucleus, but eukaryotic cells do have such a nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells have ribosomes but eukaryotic cells do not have ribosomes.
22. Which organelle would not have originated by endosymbiosis?
mitochondria
flagella
nucleus
chloroplasts
Both a and c are correct.
23. Which of these is Not found in the nucleus?
functioning of ribosomes
chromatin that condenses to chromosomes
nucleolus that produces rRNA
nucleoplasm instead of cytoplasm
all forms of RNA
24. Vesicles from the smooth ER most likely are on their way to the
rough ER
lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
plant cell vacuole only
location suitable to their size
25. Lysosomes function in
protein synthesis
processing and packaging
intracellular digestion
lipid synthesis
production of hydrogen peroxide
26. Mitochondria
are involved in cellular respiration
break down ATP to release energy for cells
contain grana and cristae
are present in animal but not in plant cells
All of these are correct.
27. Which of these organelles releases oxygen?
ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
chloroplast
smooth ER
28. Which of these is Not true?
Actin filaments are found in muscle cells.
Microtubules radiate out from the ER.
Intermediate filaments sometimes contain keratin.
Motor molecules use microtubules as tracts.
Eukaryotic cells without centrosomes still produce a spindle.
29. Cilia and flagella
bend when microtubules try to slide past one another
contain myosin that pulls on actin filaments
are organized by basal bodies derived from centrioles
are constructed similarly in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Both a and c are correct.
30. Cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane.
True False
31. A cell is the smallest unit of living matter.
True False
32. All cells have a cell wall that regulates the passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
True False
33. The DNA of a prokaryotic cell is located in the nucleoid region.
True False
34. The cytosol is the fluid that bathes the structures that are located in the cytoplasm.
True False
35. Ribosomes are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
True False
36. Bacteria and algae are prokaryotic cells.
True False
37. Prokaryotic cells are about half the size of eukaryotic cells on average.
True False
38. Bacteria and eukaryotic flagella have the same structure made of microtubules.
True False
39. Bacteria and eukaryotic thylakoids are involved in photosynthesis.
True False
40. The endoplasmic reticulum is a membranous system that is continuous with the nuclear envelope.
True False
41. Peroxisomes are abundant in cells that metabolize lipids or alcohol.
True False
42. Chloroplasts are found in plants but not in bacteria.
True False
43. Mitochondria are thought to be derived from photosynthetic bacteria that became part of the eukaryotic cell through endosymbiosis.
True False
44. The interaction between an energy related organelle and the eukaryotic cell in which it resides is called parasitism.
True False
45. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are able to reproduce independently from the division of the cell.
True False
46. Which of the following organelles modifies and packages for secretion the materials produced by the ribosomes?
the chloroplast
the Golgi apparatus
the nucleus
the nucleolus
the mitochondria
47. A student using a light microscope observes a cell and correctly decides that it is a plant cell because
ribosomes are visible
an endoplasmic reticulum can be seen
a cell membrane is present
it has a large central vacuole
centrioles are present
48. Destruction of microfilaments would most adversely affect which of the following?
cell division
cilia
flagella
muscular contraction
chitin
49. Which of the following best supports the statement that mitochondria
are descendants
of endosymbiotic bacteria like cells?
Mitochondria and bacteria possess similar ribosomes and DNA.
Mitochondria and bacteria possess similar nuclei.
Glycolysis occurs in both mitochondria and bacteria.
Both mitochondria and bacteria have microtubules.
Neither mitochondria nor bacteria possess chloroplasts.
50. Membranes are components of all the following Except a
microtubule
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
lysosome
51. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?
a membrane bound nucleus
a cell wall made of cellulose
ribosomes
flagella or cilia that contain microtubules
linear chromosomes made of DNA and protein
52. Which of the following is best observed by using a compound light microscope?
a eukaryotic cell
a virus
a DNA sequence
the inner structure of a mitochondria
a nuclear pore
53. Which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest
concentration of
densely packed rough endoplasmic reticulum?
an amoeba engulfing small ciliates
a bioluminescent bacterial cell
a pancreatic cell engaged in the production of digestive enzymes
a functional phloem cell at maturity
an epithelial cell whose DNA is replicating before mitosis
54. Which of the following structures are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
cell membrane and chloroplasts
DNA and ribosomes
cell walls and nuclear envelope
flagella and endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi complex and mitochondria
55. Which of the following is a function of the Golgi complex?
protein synthesis
ribosome synthesis
DNA replication
Ca2+ storage in muscle cells
modifying and packaging of proteins and lipids into vesicles
56. Which of the following cellular bodies contain enzymes for breaking down macromolecules?
desmosomes
lysosomes
nucleosomes
peroxisomes
ribosomes
57. Vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus that contain hydrolytic digestive enzymes are
ribosomes
lysosomes
mitochondria
chloroplasts
microbodies
58. Which of the following pairs of structures can be seen in the low power field of a compound microscope?
mitochondria and Golgi body
cell wall and chloroplasts
ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes and genes
mitochondria and ribosomes
59. Which of the following organelles is known to produce the organelle that hosts protein synthesis?
nucleoid
nucleolus
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
60. If the ribosomes in a cell ceased to function, which of the following would occur in a cell?
antibody production would increase
mitosis would proceed uncontrollably
rate of glucose transport in the cytoplasm would increase
the sodium-potassium pump would spontaneously start,
creating an ionic imbalance between
the intercellular and extracellular fluids
enzyme production would cease
61. Which of the following does Not have a membrane?
Golgi apparatus
nucleus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
microfilament
rough endoplasmic reticulum
62. Which of the following organelles is Not matched with its corresponding function?
ribosomes - protein synthesis
nucleolus - ribosome production
Golgi apparatus - secretion of products
microtubules - muscular contraction
lysosomes - digestion
63. Organelles that are Not part of the endomembrane system,
and therefore do Not take part in
cellular secretions, include which of the following?
smooth ER
rough ER
peroxisomes
Golgi apparatus
lysosomes
64. The destruction of which of the following would most effect cilia?
microfilaments
microtubules
intermediate filaments
smooth ER
rough ER
65. Which of the following characteristics would allow you to distinguish a prokaryotic cell from an animal cell?
ribosomes
cell membrane
chloroplasts
cell wall
large central vacuoles
66. Which of the following is an Incorrect pairing of an organelle with its function?
cytoskeleton - consists of three types of fibers that provide support, shape, and mobility to cells
chloroplast - host organelle for photosynthesis
peroxisomes - organelle that produces H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) as a by product
vacuole - storage organelle
lysosome - organelle that modifies proteins and sugars after their creation
67. Which of the following structures would differentiate a plant cell from an animal cell?
ribosomes
plasma membrane
nucleolus
centrioles
microtubules
68. Which of the following structures is present in All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Golgi apparatus
nucleus
cell wall
lysosome
ribosome