CHAPTER 8, CELLULAR RESPIRATION QUIZ
CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1. Which of these processes occurs in the cytosol?
the Krebs cycle
glycolysis
the electron transport system
the transition reaction
2. Complete oxidative breakdown of glucose results in ____ ATP molecules.
2
4
32
36
39
3. The transition reaction breaks
glucose into pyruvates
pyruvates into glucose
pyruvates into acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide
pyruvates into acetyl-CoA and water
acetyl-CoA into pyruvates and carbon dioxide
4. The first reaction in the Krebs cycle is binding
carbon dioxide to a four carbon molecule
carbon dioxide to a five carbon molecule
acetyl-CoA to a four carbon molecule
acetyl-CoA to a five carbon molecule
5. Glycolysis yields about ___ of the energy in glucose in ATP molecules.
2%
15%
28%
39%
6. The process based on the Greek root words for "sweet" and "dissolve" is
metabolism
glycolysis
phosphorylation
fermentation
chemiosmosis
7. The first process in breaking down glucose is
the Krebs cycle
glycolysis
the electron transport system
fermentation
the transition reaction
8. Which process produces both NADH and FADH2?
the Krebs cycle
glycolysis
the electron transport system
fermentation
the transition reaction
9. Which process produces alcohol or lactate?
the transition reaction
fermentation
the electron transport system
glycolysis
the Krebs cycle
10. Which process reduces molecular oxygen to water?
the Krebs cycle
glycolysis
the electron transport system
fermentation
the transition reaction
11. Which process involves the chemiosmotic phosphorylation?
glycolysis
the electron transport system
the Krebs cycle
the transition reaction
fermentation
12. Which connects glycolysis with the final stages of the aerobic pathway?
glycolysis
the electron transport system
the Krebs cycle
fermentation
the transition reaction
13. The large number of ATPs produced are
embedded in the cristae membranes and diffuse both directions
inside the mitochondria matrix and diffuse out through the membrane
inside the mitochondria matrix and leave through a channel protein
outside the mitochondria and diffuse out through the membrane
outside the mitochondria and enter through a channel protein
14. The enzymes of the electron transport chain are bound to the surface
of the cristae. The cristae
are folded inward in order to
decrease the intermembrane space
increase diffusion surface for glycolysis
separate the products from the substrate in the Krebs cycle
form a battery like "cells" for the electron transport chain
reduce the distance the FADH2 and NADH has to travel,
and place the products of one reaction
near the enzymes for the next reaction
15. Compared to other cell components (organelles, cell membrane or
nucleus), the mitochondria
would be the only fraction that would
form an electrochemical gradient across a membrane
use significant amounts of oxygen
use a chemiosmotic complex to produce ATP
produce ATP via glycolysis
release protons (H+)
16. One turn of the Krebs cycle produces
2 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP
1 NADH, 3 FADH2, 2 ATP
3 NADH, 2 FADH2, 1 ATP
3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 2 ATP
17. Acetyl-CoA is produced from
pyruvate and a coenzyme
citric acid and a coenzyme
ATP and pyruvate
carbon dioxide and pyruvate
citric acid and carbon dioxide
18. The carbon dioxide (CO2) we exhale is produced in
glycolysis
the electron transport system
lactate fermentation
the Krebs cycle
19. The primary energy carrier between the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system is
NADH
ADP
FADH2
water (H2O)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
20. About ___ of the energy in the glucose molecule is captured in ATP
through the reactions
of cellular respiration.
12%
26%
39%
57%
84%
21. Which process must occur before fermentation?
the Krebs cycle
glycolysis
fermentation
the electron transport system
the transition reaction
22. The critical factor driving yeast to use fermentation to metabolize sugar is
inability to carry on glycolysis
lack of oxygen
lack of any enzymes
that the yeast is intolerant to alcohol
that yeast can secure 38 ATP molecules from fermentation
23. Which of these pairs of processes are anaerobic?
fermentation and glycolysis
fermentation and the Krebs cycle
glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system
glycolysis and the electron transport system
24. Degradative reactions
cause death
can drive anabolism
tend to be endergonic
include the build up of products such as complex proteins and nucleic acids
All of the above are true.
25. For fatty acids to be able to enter the pathways of cellular respiration, they must be
deaminated
combined with glycerol
combined with ATP
broken into acetyl groups
be converted into five carbon sugars
26. Adult humans cannot synthesize ____ out of ____ acids.
eleven, twenty
nine, eleven
nine, twenty
any, twenty
half, all
27. The amino acids we cannot synthesize are called ____ because we _____.
unnecessary, therefore do not need them
limiting, must be included in our diet
anabolic, must use alternative amino acids
essential, must be included in our diet
superfluous, must survive without them
28. Which of the following occurs in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
Calvin cycle
Chemiosmosis
Citric acid cycle
Krebs cycle
Glycolysis
29. What is the cause of cramps you feel in your muscles during strenuous exercise?
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcohol fermentation
Chemiosmotic coupling
Too much oxygen delivery to the muscles
Oxidative phosphorylation
30. Which of the following statements is Incorrect?
Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen
Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria
Glycolysis is the first step in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
Glycolysis leads to the production of 4 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate.
31. Which of the following molecules can give rise to the most ATP?
NADH
FADH2
Pyruvate
Glucose
32. What is the value of the alcohol fermentation pathway?
It produces ATP
It produces lactate (or lactic acid)
It produces ADP for the electron transport chain
It replenishes carbon dioxide for the dark reaction
It replenishes NAD+ so that glycolysis can produce ATP
33. What is the purpose of oxygen (O2) in aerobic respiration?
Oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the electron transport chain.
Oxygen is necessary to carry away the waste carbon dioxide.
Oxygen is used in the formation of sugar molecules.
The oxygen molecule becomes part of the ATP molecule.
Oxygen donates H+ used in the formation of NADH.
34. The greatest contributor of electrons to the electron transport system is
oxygen
glycolysis
the Krebs cycle
the transition reaction
fermentation
35. Substrate level phosphorylation takes place in
glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
the electron transport system and the transition reaction
glycolysis and the electron transport system
the Krebs cycle and the transition reaction
Both B and D are correct.
36. Which of these is Not true of fermentation?
net gain of only two ATP
occurs in the cytosol
NADH donates electrons to electron transport system
begins with glycolysis
carried on by yeast
37. Fatty acids are broken down to
pyruvate molecules, which take electrons to electron transport system
acetyl groups, which enter the Krebs cycle
amino acids, which excrete ammonia
glycerol, which is found in fats
All of these are correct.
38. Active cells must continually produce ATP.
True False
39. The most efficient pathway for ATP production in animal cell is
by glycolysis.
True False
40. Metabolism of fats produces more ATP molecules per gram than metabolism
of carbohydrates
or protein.
True False
41. The final electron acceptor in glycolysis is oxygen.
True False
42. The carrier molecules of the electron transport system are located
in the cytosol.
True False
43. Glycolysis is linked to the Krebs cycle when oxygen is not available.
True False
44.Fermentation follows glycolysis in some cells when oxygen is not
available.
True False
45. The highest concentration of hydrogen ions in the mitochondria is
in the intermitochondrial space.
True False
46. Because NAD+ and FAD are critical coenzymes in cellular respiration,
huge quantities must
be synthesized in the cell to ensure there is no shortage.
True False
47. Each molecule of NADH produced in the mitochondria provides the
energy for two ATP molecules.
True False
48. The breakdown of glucose in cellular respiration is a catabolic
reaction.
True False
49. Fermentation is the process that produces bubbles of carbon dioxide
that makes bread dough rise.
True False
50. Glycolysis and fermentation are thought to be older processes than
the electron transport
system and Krebs cycle.
True False
51. The enzyme ATP synthase is responsible for making ATP and is found
in large quantities
embedded in mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes. Peter Mitchell
proposed the idea of
chemiosmosis to help explain ATP synthesis. Choose the answer that
best completes the
following sentence: Hydrogen ions are driven from the mitochondrial
____ to the inner membrane
space by the power of the _____ and then flow down a gradient through
ATP synthase,
phosphorylating ADP to produce ATP.
cristae; ATP
matrix; ATP
cristae; electron transport chain
matrix; electron transport chain
matrix; cristae
52. Which of the following reactions occurs in the mitochondria?
transcription
glycolysis
Calvin cycle
Krebs cycle
light reactions
53. Most of the ATP made during cellular respiration is generated by
glycolysis.
intermediate transport steps.
the Krebs cycle.
oxidative phosphorylation.
photophosphorylation
54. The product(s) of alcohol fermentation is (are)
lactic acid
ethanol
ADP
NADH
Both ADP and NADH.
55. At the end of glycolysis, each molecule of glucose has yielded 2
molecules of _____,
2 molecules of ____, and a net of 2 molecules of _____.
lactic acid; NADH; ATP
ethanol; NAD+; ATP
pyruvate; NADH; ADP
pyruvate; NAD+; ADP
pyruvate; NADH; ATP
56. In anaerobic cells, the ratio of pyruvate/lactate is much less than
1, while under aerobic
conditions the ratio of pyruvate/lactate is much greater than 1 because
pyruvate is the oxidizing agent in the formation of NAD+ from NADH.
lactic acid can only be generated under anaerobic conditions required for ADP regeneration.
pyruvate decomposes to lactate under anaerobic conditions.
pyruvate is converted to carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions.
mitochondria prefer lactic acid to pyruvate for cellular respiration pathways.
57. Chemiosmosis occurs in
mitochondria only
nuclei only
ribosomes only
chloroplasts only
In both mitochondria and chloroplasts.
58. Which of the following is Not a Net product of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle?
pyruvate
NADH
ATP
CO2
NAD+
59. Oxygen is required for aerobic respiration because it is
an activator for pyruvate kinase.
the reducing agent in the electron transport chain.
the oxidizing agent in the electron transport chain.
the oxidizing agent for acetyl CoA.
the reducing agent for acetyl CoA.
60. Which of the following results in the creation of the most ATP?
Krebs cycle
Calvin cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
fermentation
glycolysis
61. When oxygen becomes unavailable, this process regenerates NAD+, allowing respiration to continue.
glycolysis
chemiosmosis
fermentation
Calvin cycle
photolysis
62. This process leads to the net production of two pyruvate, two ATP, and two NADH.
glycolysis
chemiosmosis
fermentation
Calvin cycle
photolysis
63. This process couples the production of ATP with the movement of
electrons down the
electron transport chain by harnessing the driving force created by
a proton gradient.
glycolysis
chemiosmosis
fermentation
Calvin cycle
photolysis
64. Which of the following statements is True about phosphofructokinase?
It is stimulated by ATP.
It is stimulated by citrate.
Acetyl CoA is one of its substrates.
Fructose phosphate is one of its products.
Fructose bisphosphate is one of its products.
65. Glucose can be broken down in both alcoholic fermentation and cellular
respiration.
How many times more efficient is cellular respiration than alcoholic
fermentation?
2 times
9 times
18 times
34 times
It is not - fungi are the most efficient consumers known to man.
66. During respiration, most ATP is formed as a direct result of the net movement of
potassium against a concentration gradient.
protons down a concentrated gradient.
electrons against a concentrated gradient.
electrons through a channel.
sodium ions into a cell.
67. The products of glycolysis are
2 ATP and 2 NADH
2 ATP and 1 NADH
2 ATP and 2 NAD+
2 ADP and 2 NADH
2 ADP and 2 NAD+
68. Which of the following pathways for the transformation of cellular energy most likely evolved first?
cyclic photophosphorylation
citric acid (Krebs) cycle
Calvin cycle
C4 photosynthesis
glycolysis
69. Glycolysis occurs
in the ribosomes.
in the cytoplasm.
in the intercellular matrix of the mitochondria.
on the inner surface of the plasma membrane.
70. The process in which CO2 is released as a by product of oxidation-reduction reactions.
glycolysis
Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
Calvin cycle
light dependent reactions of photosynthesis
chemiosmosis
71. Process in which sugar is oxidized to produce pyruvic acid or pyruvate.
glycolysis
Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
Calvin cycle
light dependent reactions of photosynthesis
chemiosmosis
72. When ATP is produced in mitochondria, all of the following occur Except
Water is formed from O2, electrons, and H+.
NADH is converted to NAD+ and H+.
Protons are pumped out of the mitochondria.
An electrochemical gradient is established across mitochondrial membranes.
A pH gradient is established across mitochondrial membranes.
73. During cellular respiration, ATP is generated by all of the following Except
glycolysis
oxidative phosphorylation
the Calvin-Benson cycle or Calvin cycle
biochemical pathways occurring in the cytoplasm
biochemical pathways occurring in the mitochondria