Ms. Carlson has been concerned about Julie's performance in writing. Despite instruction and repeated remediation attempts, Julie's writing continues to be limited, flat, and effort-laden. Ms. Carlson has checked Julie's school records, noting that her scores in writing have always been below average or failing. Comparing Julie's writing with that of other students in the class, she realizes that Julie does indeed make more errors in spelling and grammar, as well as writing fewer sentences and sentences that lack detail and description. At which decision-making component is Ms. Carlson acting in determining Julie's need for special services?

a. screening

b. diagnosis

c. program placement

d. instructional evaluation

T F A Criterion or Curriculum Based Test is used to express how much a person knows rather than an individual's mastery of content.