From: mseals@in.net (Michael Seals)
Newsgroups: rec.games.video.arcade.collecting
Subject: How I put a PC power supply in my arcade cabinet
Date: Wed, 19 Mar 1997 20:33:38 GMT

Sorry if this posted before, but my previous posts did not show up
in deja news.  I've since switched news vendors...

First I wanted to thank everyone who helped with this question.  For
everybody elses benefit, here is the information I received and/or
learned in order to help me complete the process.  Additionally, I am
outlining the steps I took to complete the project.  Usual disclaimers
apply.  Hope some of you find this useful.

-MTS-

"How I replaced the power supply in my new game".

The Problem - I got a new game at auction that worked fairly well at
the auction (it was COLD inside the building) but once I got it home
and cleaned up the next day, the game exhibited lots of strangeness.
In particular I was getting intermittant pulsating coin/start lamps,
fluctuating brightness on the monitor, random system hangs, the sound
system going offline intermittantly etc.

The Diagnosis - All the above items deal exclusively with DC power.
The marquee lights and the monitor did not appear to be affected.
Upon opening the game I discovered that it still had its original
power supply (non-switching linear).  I figured replacing the DC side
of the house was in order.

The Old Power Supply - I decided to leave the old power supply
installed and run the new power supply concurrently with the old.  The
main reason for this is that the old switching supply had an isolation
transformer built in to it.  Based upon my previous readings in this
newsgroup, I learned that a isolation transformer is a Good Thing
(TM), so wanted to keep it.

The New Power Supply - I happened to have a couple of old IBM PC (AT)
style power supplies just lying around.  Again, based upon previous
readings in the newsgroup, I was pretty sure this PS would be an
adequate match.  See the end of this post for caveats and technical
info on IBM power supplies.

The Solution

Step 1 (Voltages)  - First I needed to determine what DC voltages my
game needed.  Ideally I would have schematics to refer to and this
would be fairly easy.  Unfortunately I did not.  So I got out my
digital multimeter and went to work.  First I had to determine which
wires carried current from the existing power supply to the games
motherboard.  Fortunately this was fairly easy to figure out - only
one set of six wires went between the power supply and the
motherboard.  I unplugged these wires from the motherboard and routed
them outside the cabinet to work on.  I then powered up the game and
used the digital multimeter to measure the voltages.  Of course, the
game did not have any 'standard' color codes (no black wires at all)
that I am used to and it took a bit of fiddling to determine which
pins were the ground.  Notice the third assumption (Green = ground)
turned out to be correct.  Here is the table of voltages depending on
which color I assumed was ground:

Wire    Red Assumed Ground  Violet Assumed Ground  Green Assumed
Ground
RED         GND             +25 V                  +5.8 V
RED         GND             +25 V                  +5.8 V
GREEN       -6.0 V          +20 V                  GND
GREEN       -6.0 V          +20 V                  GND
ORANGE      +14 V		    +40 V                  +20.2 V
VIOLET      -26 V           GND                    -20.2 V

Notice the third assumption is the only one of four possible
configurations that came anywhere near 'standard' voltages.  The + and
- 20.2 V figures seemed a bit high, but I attributed this to a
possibly malfunctioning power supply, or more likely, to the fact that
the power supply was not under load.


Step 2 Parts - I needed to make sure the equipment I had on hand would
meet the requirements.  See the end of this article for tech info on
IBM power supplies.  I determined that a PC power supply would provide
more than adequate amperage at that the voltages would match fairly
closely.  Since the game somewhat worked, I didnt want to do any work
that couldnt be 'undone', so a quick trip to Radio Shack procured a
few 9 pin nylon male and female connectors.  This would allow me to
switch back and forth between the two power supplies with a simple
unplug/plug.

Step 3 Match voltages - I put together a conversion table indicating
which wires from the new power supply should be connected to which
wires on the old wiring harness:
Old Harness       New power supply
RED    +5.8 V     +5V   RED
RED    +5.8 V     +5V   RED
GREEN  GND        GND   BLACK
GREEN  GND        GND   BLACK
ORANGE +20.2V     +12V  YELLOW
VIOLET -20.2V     -12V  BLUE

Step 4 SNIP and Solder - I disconnected the wiring harness running
between the old power supply and the motherboard and removed it from
the cabinet.  I then snipped the wires halfway between the two
connectors.  I then attached a male plug to the power supply end and a
female plug to the motherboard end.  I also attached a male plug to
the new power supply end.  I wasnt confident that the crimp-on
connectors that came with the kit were making solid contact, so I
whipped out my soldering iron and gave each connector a good solder,
Just In Case.  I then reconnected the old power supply and tried the
game.  It still worked.  I then disconnected the power, plugged the
new power supply into the motherboard and into the wall and tried
again.  It worked!!!!

Step 5 Eliminating cords - Everything worked, but now I had two power
cords to run one game - 1 cord to power the PC power supply, the other
to power the monitor and marquee (Old power supply).  I could have
simply cut the AC plug off the PC power supply, soldered the ends to
the incomming terminals of the old power supply and somehow found a
way to mount the new power supply inside the game (or not bother
mounting it, just shove it inside the box and let it flop around).
Instead, I decided to make the switching supply the main power supply
for the game.  The first step was to mount the power supply.  To do
this I had to get out my jigsaw and cut a larger opening into the game
to allow room for the fan to vent and for the PS to mount flushly
(enlarging the power cord hole).  I then used wood screws to secure
the power supply from WITHIN the cabinet (to deter tampering).  Next,
I removed the cover from my switching power supply (despite the
numerous warning stickers warning me not to), then cut the plug off
the old power cord.  I then soldered the old power cord to the
"Monitor Out" power connector on the PC power supply from INSIDE the
power supply.  Net result: A standard PC power cord (removable to
boot!) plugs into the wall with the other end plugged into the new
power supply.  This power supply then applies DC power to the entire
game.  The Monitor Out connector iside the PC power supply then powers
up the old non-switching power supply (and its isolation transformer)
to power the marquee and monitor.

Step 6 Remote power switch - The game did not have a remote power
switch when I got it.  My next mini project will be to wire up a
remote power switch on top of the game so I dont have to either
plug/unplug the game or open up the back cover to access the existing
power supply switch.  I guess I can leave this as an exercise for the
student :>


---------------------------------------------------------------------

A few words about IBM AT Power supplies.
An IBM AT compatible power supply should be able to provide enough
power at the appropriate voltages to run most arcade video games.  A
few caveats are in order however.  1)  According to John Dvorak in his
book _upgrading & reparing pc's_ old style PC switching power supplies
would self destruct if run without a load.  Therefore, you should not
'bench test' a PC power supply without running it under load.  I
pulled my spare PC PS's from working 286's so I assumed they were
still in working order.   2)  PC power supplies take up some room in
the cabinet and require a modification to the cabinet or some creative
mounting to install in the machine.

IBM AT power supply tech info.
A 'typical' IBM AT compatible power supply (read MY power supplies)
has the following characteristics:

Current
6.2 A @ 115V
3.1 A @ 230V

DC Output
+5 V @ 23A
+12 V @ 9A
-5V @  .5A
-12V @ .5A

Connector Pin outs
P9 (motherboard)
+5 V - Red Wire
+5 V - Red Wire
+5 V - Red Wire
-5 V - White Wire
GND - Black Wire
GND - Black Wire

P8 (motherboard)
GND - Black Wire
GND - Black Wire
-12V - Blue Wire
+12V - Yellow Wire
+5V - Red Wire
PG - Orange Wire
Note: Power Good is a signal sent to the PC indicating everything is
OK
It is not required for this application.

Drive connectors - Just to be complete.
+12V - Yellow Wire
GND - Black Wire
GND - Black Wire
+5V - Red Wire