Protein

To try to make a long long story short, amino acids and proteins
are made in plants. Animals and people get their protein
from plants. Keep this in mind too concerning the original
source of proteins. Our bodies reassemble the amino acids
but they do come from the plant world.

When we think of protein we think of meat. This is vital
in a healthy diet. Most protein comes from plants, then animals
eat the plants and that is where they mostly get
their protein. The process all starts in the soil.

The white of the egg is the most perfect source of the
complete protein ( amino acids ).
Rice and beans together make complete proteins.

I have just been studying again in a library book.
What it said was there are essential proteins. There are 20
amino acids and 10 ( ten ) are essential. Since I am learning
and teaching maybe I am good at explaining this. Get ready!!

Amino acid
Our diets need 10 essential amino acids. That means
we have to eat these 10 in our food. Our body
can build all necessary proteins from these.

Basic Structure
An amino group
A carboxyl group
A central carbon connected to a variable R-Group
A R-Group of 20 various molecules.

-NCC-
R

What I want to relate here is the amino acids connect
together like a chain of pearls, one after another.
Now, proteins are made by varying combinations of aminos.

These go into 50,000 different proteins, just like our alphabet
of 26 letters can make up our language. Are you getting it ?

Where can I say what are proteins. Meat is protein, for example.

The nitogen ( ammonia ) comes into the plants through the roots. It
is NH2 to make an amino acid. The building blocks of Life.

Protein Animation . . . added Feb. '07

Protein link info

DNA . . . My teaching

Peptide Bond
C-N That is a Carbon atom + Nitrogen atom.

NCC-NCC-NCC-NCC-NCC-NCC. This linking of amino acids
together is called Protein Synthesis.

More precise, Update: A tRNA is connected to each amino acid. . . added April '06.
Really a tRNA-OH is removed to make the Peptide Bond and not a water molecule,
as most books show.

Really a tRNA is removed to connect each amino-acid together.
NCC-OH    H-NCC  >>  NCC-NCC + water. Really tRNA-OH
NCC-O-tRNA    H-NCC  >>  NCC-NCC + tRNA-OH

Books show the atoms on each end ready to make a water.
HHHNCC-NCCOOH
   HHNCC-NCCO = minus a H2O....added July 2, '01

Ultranet.. transfer RNA ( tRNA ) for Protein Synthesis

C-N = Peptide bond
Pepsin breaks the peptide bonds of proteins in the acidic stomach.

Another aspect is digestion in the stomach. Protein is broken down from meats
to individual amino acids. They then get reassembled to make protein
in our bodies. Pepsin is the enzyme that breaks meat down. ( papaya )

Maybe I can just say here that DNAs ( genes ) has the code on it that
determines the order of connecting amino acids together.
mRNA is a copy of a length of DNA.
tRNA hold a single amino-acid to connect to another.

What to look for: When looking in biology books.
tRNA is clover shaped..... adheres to single amino acids
mRNA is long like a train.... mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
Codon is 3 nucleotides.... mmm mmm mmm mmm

March '05 . . . . Suggests not too much Protein in diet. Makes body too acid.

MIT Protein Synthesis

MIT Protein....added June 29, '01

To start on ( rRNA ). Ribosomes are made in the nucleus:
see Principles of Genetics; page 260

Ribosomes . . . . added Oct.24,

What is RNA . . . added Jan.18, '02

Red blood cell

What are Enzymes ? . . . added Feb. 7,'03

Enzymes . . . added Feb. 8, '03

Anyway I am not ready to get into much on Enzymes right now.
Basically I am learning this stuff myself right now. . . . added Feb. 9, '03
How Enzymes work

Enzyme animation . . . added Feb.12, '03

Making an enzyme

Raw vegetables are a good source of Enzymes

Protein synthesis lots

Here if it isn't hard enough . . . . added 3-05 . . . Loading the tRNA

The function of the Liver in eleminating ammonia


This JavaScript added Aug. 21,'02

added Dec. '03 :
Eggs

An Animation like you haven't seen before. . . . . added May '05

Again, a short Review:
The tRNA breaks away from the Ribosome and takes with it the O and H to
make the C-N Peptide Bond we hear so much about = tRNA-OH.

Mar. 24, .06
I am just learning this Aminoacyl tRNA. At the top of the tRNA is the phosphate/sugar chain.
That is a nucleotide of RNA. The Amino acid attaches to the sugar part. Remember RNA has
a chain of phosphate/ribose joinings.

Mar. 30, '06

Charging an Amino Acid onto a tRNA on a Synthetase Enzyme

Amino-OH   +   ATP
Amino-AMP   >  HO-PP

Amino-AMP   +   tRNA-OH
tRNA-Amino   >  AMP-OH

tRNA-Amino   +   peptide bond
Amino-Amino   >   tRNA-OH

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Now you should have a good idea of tRNA-Amino.

Activation of Amino Acids. . . .An animation

Brief Charging Equasion followed by Short Peptide Bond Equation

tRNA-Amino  >  AMP-OH   HO-PPi

Amino-O   H-Amino
     C-N
   tRNA-OH

To make a Peptide Bond, just an O and H are removed. The tRNA really
acts in the other Hs place to make a peptide bond.

The traditional diagrams is of two amino acids, with no tRNA.
Really an amino acid is connected to a tRNA when the peptide bond is made, right ?

May '06
If get too much protein:
When I first heard about this yesterday, I wanted to believe it. We all want to believe what we think is the correct answer, I think ?
This is about Calcium and Protein and the big problem of bone loss.
What to believe, anyway, back to getting all our vitamins as the case must be !

The tRNA pulls away from each amino and takes an -O H- to make the C-N, Peptide Bond.
"Oh, I see it now."

Peptide Bond Equasion

NCC-O   H-NCC
      C-N = Peptide Bond
   tRNA-OH

The tRNA removes the -O and H- to make the peptide bond.

I think this RNA process can break the theory of evolution. Ha Ha Ha ? They can't explain
how this complex process could evolve with all those atoms having
to connect together to make life work. Ha Ha ? Lets watch these athiest
scientists start coming up with another story to spend tax dollar$. Fact : They are looking at rocks ?????

Notice the scientists have gone nuts/luny trying to explain everything in space.

Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha

What happens before life and after death. The scientists are narrow minded by avoiding these vital issues. Then they want to pass laws preventing the Church teaching on these and moral character. They don't say they came from their parents but from a comet and burrowing creatures. TRUE ha ha ha ha, that they publish that.

Have we overlooked Digestive enzymes . . . . added Jan. '08

Do we know about our Kidneys . . . . added feb. '08

Where do we start to learn about Hormones . . . . added Jan. '08

Protein in primordial soup and NASA. . . . added March '08

Added April '08
How would you say it ? NASA thinks/stinks that they came from molecules from Outer Space.

Discover nitrogen (PAHNs) common in space.

Raw Material is a new term that I just found.

April '08
Plant Lectins a protein and sugar maybe bad for health

June '08
Crazy scientists have to research the protein molecule to show how had to evolve.

Back to Main Page in Nitrogen Cycle