GLOSSARY
OF TERMS YOU NEED TO KNOW

 

 


The definition in black is taken from official documents which are identified in the footnotes. The definition or commentary printed in blue is a description of how the term is likely employed in practice.

This glossary is by no means a complete listing of the terms that you may encounter in the coming months and years but should be sufficient to arouse your interest in what is happening to the American social structure and how it will effect your life. Terms will also tend to change as people become wise to the true meaning behind them, as "Outcome Based Education" became "Goals 2000"

 

Carrying Capacity: The optimum demand for system sustainability or the maximum demand a system can support without serious compromise or collapse. (1)

Translation: Local government will determine how many human resources a specific area will contain. A higher density of people (per square foot) means that local government is efficiently fulfilling the goal of the master plan.

Clustering: A Development design technique that concentrates buildings on a part of the site to allow the remaining land to be used for agriculture, recreation, common open space, and preservation of environmentally sensitive features. (1)

Translation: Homes and apartments are "clustered" (crowded) in an area with shops, parks, schools, etc.; streets are narrow with little parking available but walking and bike trails are featured. The idea is to discourage motor traffic (thus less pollution) and encourage community cohesion. Yard sizes are minimal and conformity to set standards is required. Single family dwellings are discouraged through regulations and tax structures.

Comprehensive Plan: The Plan provides a legally recognized framework for making decisions about land use and other planning and policy decisions. However, it is fundamentally a policy document. "The policies are required by the GMA (Growth Management Act) to be implemented through the use of such regulatory tools as zoning and subdivision ordinances, as well as other innovative techniques. These regulations must be developed and maintained in accordance with the goals and policies of this comprehensive plan." (2)

"The comprehensive plan, once viewed primarily as an advisory document to the local governmental body, is in many states becoming a legal, binding document as well as a prescription for future development patterns." (3)

Translation: As you can see from the wording above, these "plans" take on the color of law and become legally binding agreements without ever being voted on. They also have the ability to change through the action of the "planning board," which is not subject to oversight by the legislature or the voice of the people. These are very dangerous agreements. Would you give your used car salesman a check without filling in the amount? Then you shouldn't allow your elected representatives to enter into one of these "plans," which use broad based concepts to obscure the reader's understanding of the plan's objectives. Remember, Eve thought that "apple" was pleasing to the eye and would be fine for the palate.

Formal adoption by local government is the first step in implementing the United Nations local agenda 21. Local law designed to enforce the social agenda will follow adoption of the "comprehensive plan".

Concurrency: A technique in which the facilities and services necessary to meet the demands of new development are put in place concurrently with the development. Use of this technique is meant to ensure development will locate where services are available within the urban service area. The State of Florida requires that all 457 local governments implement concurrency for water and sewer systems, stormwater management, solid waste collection and disposal, parks and recreation, and transportation. (4)

Translation: Self explanatory.

Core Area: A "Wilderness Area" set aside for animal and plant populations. Human residences are not permitted, although scientific study areas will be allowed.

Translation: Core areas are one element of the "Wildlands Project" that calls for the setting aside of 50% of the land mass of North America as habitat for wild animals. Core areas will exclude human intrusion and be surounded by "buffer zones" where limited human residences may be permitted. Core areas will be connected by "corridors" so that animal populations in one core area may have unfettered access to animal populations in other core areas. This is a fifty-year plan and it is already finding implementation in state laws. Refer to our web page on THE WILDLANDS PROJECT

Cost Burdened Household : A household that spends 30 percent or more of its income on housing. (5)

Translation: Human resources (people) who meet the governments standards will be subsidized.

Cumulative Impact: The total Impact which results from the impact of the individual action under consideration when added to the impacts of the past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions. (6)

Translation: The regulations established under the "Planning Board" approach to development and growth will require permission for just about any kind of change you propose to your property. Your proposed action will be examined to determine what impact it might have when viewed as a part of the whole. Whether or not you may fertilize your lawn (or crop) could depend on how much fertilization has already been done by others within the community. Whether or not you will be able to add a building or pave a driveway will be considered based on how much of an area within the community is already composed of "impervious surface." The examples are endless.

Density: The number of families, individuals, dwelling units, or households per unit of land. (6)

Translation: Once "Urban Growth Boundaries" (UGBs) are imposed, there will be a strong demand for living space within those boundaries. One-acre lots for homes cannot be approved. Single family dwellings will be hard to come by and will then be on postage-stamp-sized lots. The freedom to pick and choose where and how one lives will have evaporated.

Density bonus: Granting a developer additional square footage or additional housing units beyond that authorized in the zoning ordinance in exchange for the provision or preservation of an amenity at the same site or at another location. (7)

Translation: Extortion - or selective use of ordinances to coerce developers to willingly comply with the agenda. Legalized bribery, allowing local governments to use the power of government to perpurtate an injustice and call it justice.

Development Fees: Charges imposed by municipalities on developers as part of the effort to provide Affordable Housing (6)

Translation: Welfare: Social planners impose fees on developers who must up the price of their services to retain their profit. These fees then may be used to subsidize low income housing for others. Another "tax" designated as a "fee," thus avoiding a vote by the legislature or whichever governing body would have to approve a tax.

Development Rights: The nature and the extent to which Land, including the air space above and subsurface resources, may be developed under Zoning and other Development Regulations . (8)

Translation: You have only those personal property rights that local governments will grant. You may own the property and pay taxes on it but control of how it may be used is in the hands of the "planning board," and your rights are subservient to those of "the people." Seizing the right to the air above and the ground below is just the beginning.

Easement: A legal conveyance that sets forth certain restrictions or that grants certain rights on the use and development of property, sometimes referred to as a deed restriction. Easements may be purchased from the property owner or donated by the owner to an agency (for example, state, county and municipal governments, some Environmental Commissions, charitable organizations and private land trusts, etc). The holder of an easement agrees to perform periodic inspections and to take legal action, if necessary, to ensure that easement provisions are met. Easements run with the land and are generally granted in perpetuity, but may be of limited term. (8)

Translation: Historically easements have been granted for specific purposes such as right-of-ways for railroads or power companies or even for another landowner to access property surrounded by other properties. Now we are seeing "conservation easements" for environmental purposes that often appear to offer the landowner a way out of a problem situation. These easements are very dangerous and the landowner should look very carefully before entering into one.  See our articles on Easements accessible from our "Property Rights Index".

Economic Development: Linking the term "sustainability" to describe the goal of joining economic development with ecological health.(9)

"One of the objectives of Agenda 21 is to integrate environmental issues to development policies. Considerations were also given to the effects of economic activities on the environment and the effects of environmental degradation and depletion to economic activities. In short, Agenda 21 stresses that economic policies should be held accountable for whatever effects it brings to the environment. The new concept emphasizes the importance of integrating natural resources constraints and environmental effects in measures of economic development. Thus, there is a need for environmental accounting."

"Environmental Accounting is short for environmental and natural resource accounting (ENRA). It is likewise termed as 'green accounting,' 'resource accounting,' and 'integrated economic and environmental accounting'"

"Environmental accounting is a relatively new concept which aims to include in the traditional measurement of economic development the cost of using the environment as inputs to production and as a sink for wastes."

From the point of view of environmental accounting, land, water, and air are treated as assets that are used in the production of goods and services of a country. Environmental accounting therefore estimates the costs for the use of natural resources and its environmental functions and shows separately actual expenditures for protecting and preventing the decline in the quality of the environment.(10)

Translation: Economic Development must now take "sustainability" into account and factor in the environmental ramifications and the depletion of resources that could impact future generations. Our "planning boards" will be staffed with computer models that will unerringly predict the future (we say with tongue-in-cheek) and will give the bureaucrats even greater confidence in their belief that they know better than we what's good for us.

Environmental Resource Inventory ERI or Natural Resource Inventory NRI: A description and analysis of natural resources and systems, including environmental problems, generally prepared by an Environmental Commission for use in the comprehensive planning of a municipality or county, to be applied in Capacity-based Planning and to aid in review of development applications. Sometimes known as a Natural Resource Inventory (NRI)."(8)

Translation: You would be amazed at the amount of taxpayer dollars being spent in cataloging the flora and fauna these days. Counting every bug, animal and plant before a development can begin is becoming a common practice. Adding a room to your house will require a permit which includes an ERI or NRI. Your papers please!

Fair Share Plan: "The plan or proposal, in a form that may readily be converted into an ordinance, by which a municipality proposes to satisfy its obligation to create a realistic opportunity to meet the low and moderate income housing need of its region, and which details the affirmative measures the municipality proposes to undertake to achieve its fair share of low and moderate income housing,...." (11)

Translation: Notice the plan being described should be such that it can easily be converted into an ordinance (law) to ensure its enforceability. When government takes from Peter to pay Paul they can always count on Paul's support. As this program feeds on itself look for the ranks of program users (beneficiaries) to grow.

Floor Area Ratio (FAR): The gross floor area of all buildings on a lot divided by the lot area. (11)

Translation: Remember, the purpose of the master plan is to equalize everything. When any building in the area gets too far out of line or when the total ratio is out of balance (does not fit the planning board specifications as to what the ratio should be) development within the area will have to be adjusted accordingly.

Freedom of Choice: People should be able to choose where they live and do business, as long as they pay the identifiable costs of those choices and do not impose unaccounted for costs on other people or nature, now or in the future.(12)

Translation: You are free to choose from the choices that are made available. Planning Boards will decide what will be left for future generations. "Unaccounted for cost" is whatever some bureaucrat says it is, and if some environmentalist thinks the habitat for some bug or fly is being threatened guess which of you wins the toss.

Full Cost Accounting: Accounting which includes Externalities and covers the full Life-cycle Cost of the system or item being costed out.(11)

Translation: Every product will be assigned a "unique product identifier." This will allow the product to be tracked from the time it is made until all components - packaging or any article that accompanies the product - are disposed of. Disposal will be in compliance with approved methods designed to protect the environment. (We are looking at the cost to the environment, not to humans.) Transgression of the approved methodology could result in fines or in restrictive purchasing authorization.

Functional Integrity : The ability of a system to continue to operate as a viable whole without excessive outside support.(See Carrying
Capacity ) (11)

Translation: All human population centers will be totally self supporting - producing all air (planting trees), power, food, etc. and will recycle everything - preventing anything made by man from contaminating beyond the human zone. "...a sustainable community is one which provides all of its own needs for air, water, land (or food and fiber), and energy resources within the confines of its own site."(13) (Quote is from "A Comprehensive Urban Regenerative Process" submitted to the United Nations Habitat II Conference held in Istanbul, Turkey by the School of Architecture, Washington State University. The plan won one of three gold metals from the United Nations.) http://www.arch.wsu.edu/information/sustain/home.html

Gray Infrastructure: The capital assets conventionally referred to as Infrastructure, including roads, Wastewater treatment facilities and schools.

Translation: This definition is a little misleading. The term refers to any structure, some of which may rest on your property, that hinders nature's ability to sustain itself -- such as buildings, roads or other structures that prevent rain from being absorbed into the ground or that may otherwise interrupt the natural harmony between man and nature.

Green Business: A business, such as Remanufacturing and Demanufacturing, that uses raw materials from renewable sources, including recycled materials, generates minimal emissions through the use of renewable energy resources, and produces products that are either environmentally benign or that mitigate specific environmental problems.(14)

Translation: Credits (money) will be transferred to the account of a company that mitigates (offsets the perceived harmful effects) of the company's actions. Any actions taken by the company to foster a "cleaner" environment could have financial benefit for the company, even such actions as making single car use for employees less attractive by providing parking spaces to car poolers.

Green Infrastructure: means the natural resources and systems including trees, streams, open space, and other Land Assets, which form part of the foundation for community development.(14)

Translation: This statement, in a most profound way, references a new world view that will totally alter the structure of society. It is the inclusion of private assets: trees on your property, the creek that runs through it, how much open space the local committees determine you must have. Notice that "Land Assets" is underlined, emphasizing everything that deals with land, is falling into a "system" that must be controlled.

Greenway: A region wide linear corridor of permanently preserved public and private land linking the state 's urban, suburban and rural areas, public recreation areas or environmentally sensitive areas. Parts of greenways are established as scenic and recreational open space, but parts are also set aside for farming, wildlife habitat and other non-recreational uses. Trails often coincide with greenways, but parts of greenways may not permit through public access and not all Trails are part of regional systems. A Greenbelt may function as part of a greenway or vice versa.(14)

Translation: Greenways are, or will be in most cases, the interconnecting corridors between the animal population centers (core areas). They will (according to the greenies) prevent animal interbreeding.

Growth management: The use by a community of a range of techniques to determine the amount, direction, rate and type of growth desired and to channel that growth into designated areas.(7)

Translation: Community in this definition does not mean the people's elected representatives. Appointed boards (or stakeholder councils) will determine where growth, if any, will be allowed. If recent history is any indication, such determinations will be based more on environmental considerations than on the needs of the people.

Impact: The effects of an action on particular resources or conditions. It includes Cumulative Impact , Direct Impact and Indirect Impact.(15)

Translation: This is a measure of your "ecological footprint" i.e. How kind you are to the earth. It will determine your credit allotment within the evolving system. (see Impact Assessment)

Impact Assessment (Impact Fee): A charge made to the developer based on the perceived negative impact his actions will have affecting the environmental integrity of the property, viewscape, etc.

Translation: While we generally think of this as a developer fee, everyone understands that such fees are passed on to the ultimate consumer -- you and me. Such assessments could also be applied when an individual takes some action that is perceived to negatively impact the environment of the community.

Impervious Surface: A surface that prevents water from seeping down into soil and subsurface layers.(15)

Translation: Cover one inch of your property and your gray infrastructure goes up and your green infrastructure goes down i.e. You get less credits. You must keep in mind that man's comfort or even his livelihood must take second place to the green conception of what is best for the earth.

Indirect Impacts: Effects which are caused by the action and are later in time or farther removed in distance, but are still reasonably foreseeable. These may include growth inducing effects and related changes in the pattern of land use, population density or growth rate.(15)

Translation: "Growth inducing effects" could be something as simple as spreading fertilizer on your land. Therefore fertilizing your lawn or crop can become criminal. The fertilizer may wash into a stream, be carried to a river and cause pollution. In essence, it will be necessary for the landowner to examine any action and try to predict any negative impact it might have if he wants to avoid confrontation with the environmental police.

Infill Development: The Development of new housing or other buildings on scattered vacant sites in a built up area.(15)

Translation: The move is to make maximum use of available space. To do this all empty areas within the community must be examined to determine if additional units can be inserted. Remember, the plan is to INCREASE population densities.

Inter Basin Transfer: The transfer of water from one watershed to another.(15)

Translation: The transfer of a resource from one ecosystem to another signals a deficit in the receiving system's balance sheet -- the receiving system will have to "mitigate".

Interjurisdictional Agreement: A contractual or other formal agreement between two or more political jurisdictions that results in a cooperative action or activity.(16)

Translation: This affords a "backdoor" approach to "regional government." It establishes defacto regional government without alerting the populace to the fact.

International Biosphere Reserve: A designation conferred by the United Nations (thus the term international) and the Wildlands Project that recognizes areas on Earth that are to be preserved as natural habitats for plant and animal species and populations.(16)

Translation: Fifty percent of the land mass of the United States will be designated as "core areas" under this program. "Core area" (sometimes referred to as "wilderness area") is land designated as reserved for animal habitation only - no human habitation permitted and human intrusion only under strict supervision for specified purposes such as scientific study.

Large Contiguous Area: When applied to Habitat, means the area of undisturbed land required to maintain a desired community of plants and animals. It assumes a configuration which minimizes the length of the perimeter of the area. When applied to farmland, large contiguous area means the amount of contiguous farmland usually considered necessary to permit normal farm operations to take place on a sustained basis.(16)

Translation: Government bureaucrats will decide how many acres are required for the "desired community of plants and animals" or for the farm operation you may be involved in. There are many unstated implications here. As we have seen, when an area is desired there is usually an "endangered species" somewhere in the woodpile.

Mixed-use Building : A building with two or more uses, such as retail and services on the ground floor and office or residential on upper levels.(17)

Mixed-use Development : An area or tract of land with several different uses such as, but not limited to, residential, office, manufacturing, retail, public, or entertainment, in an integrated, Compact, pedestrian-oriented form. Mixed-use developments generally include Mixed-use Buildings.(17)

Nonpoint Source Pollution: Pollution being added to the environment from diffuse sources, such as on-site wastewater systems, storm water runoff practices, underground storage tanks, overuse of fertilizers and pesticides and litter. It is distinguished from point sources of pollution which come from a single point such as a smoke stack or a pipe that discharges effluent into a stream or other water body.(18)

Translation: Human resources (people) produce pollution. Therefore all are guilty of this violation. This will become the source of increasing revenue for the local government. Already, under the Clean Waters Act all states are mandated to collect fees for the pollution caused by storm water runoff from their property. The storm water fee is added to the property tax statement in Alabama, in North Carolina it is added to the water bill. Clean air and clean water are things everyone wants and the politicians have discovered it's a good way to increase revenue.

Official newspaper: A newspaper of general circulation, designated by a government unit for the publication of its official meetings, notices statements of accounts.(19)

Translation: The governments official propaganda publication -- hardly distinguishable from most daily newspapers these days. If you want the truth, try the web and look for "property rights" pages.

Planned unit development: The simplest form of PUD, which may be termed a cluster zoning or density transfer PUD, maintains the overall density of a development, for example, by allowing an increase in the density of the housing in one part of the PUD in return for setting aside open space elsewhere in the development. (page 52); One of the basic premises of the PUD is that planning is best done at the "community" or "neighborhood" level, rather than at the level of the individual lot. This results in applying prevailing density regulations to the project and parcel of land as a whole rather than to each lot and component of the project. In other words, a PUD allows "density zoning" (page 53); Property within a PUD usually is sold by the developer on either a common ownership basis or to individual owners in fee, subject to restrictive covenants on each owner's use of the land. These ownership forms are frequently mixed within a PUD. The owners are subsequently required to pay collectively for the maintenance of the PUD's common areas, such as recreational areas and, potentially, roads. A board of directors, which may delegate managing duties to managing agents, supervises land use within an operating PUD. (page 54) (20)

Translation: If the preceding sounds confusing to you, it is. Essentially what is happening is that planned restrictions on individual ownership decisions are being put in place in advance to ensure compliance to sustainable indicators down the road.

Population Density: The total number of residents per total area of land, excluding water bodies. (21)

Translation: Self explanatory. One should keep in mind that it is a term being widely used in comprehensive planning schemes and its use should send up red flags.

Responsibility for Choice: People should pay the fullest identifiable costs of their choices. For the market to work efficiently, the price of anything should reflect its production cost, including land, labor and capital (including the depreciation of natural capital) (22)

Translation: Represents a value added tax system. Every part of the environment -- trees, bugs, animals, land, rock, etc. will in the beginning be assigned a dollar value, later this will likely become a numerical credit system. Cutting a limb, harming a bug will reduce the value that your assigned assets contribute to the environment. You therefore must pay a penalty (perhaps reduced credits) or mitigate for harming the ecosystem.

Revitalization: The holistic restoration of the physical and social components of a Distressed area. (23)

Translation: Eventually, revitalization of distressed areas will become the responsibility of the community lying within or adjacent to those areas.

Scenic Corridor: A publicly accessible Right-of-way and the views of expanses of water, farmland, woodlands, coastal wetlands, or other scenic vistas that can be seen from the right- of-way. (21)

Translation: Land that can be seen from the road will come under the jurisdiction of the "viewshed committee." Altering anything on your property that changes the view will come under their watchful eye. "Viewsheds" will be assigned values, if your action improves the viewshed you may be given credits, if it has an adverse effect you will be charged for the action or prohibited from it.

Smart Growth: "Smart growth" describes the application of the sustainable development concept to land use issues. Smart growth means smart management of resources in both growing and declining communities. Smart growth, like sustainable development, is fiscally prudent and environmentally, economically and socially sound while enhancing the choices people have for housing, jobs, recreation and transportation. The long-term needs of people, business and the environment ultimately define what is smart growth and sustainable and what is not. (24)

Translation: Growth that is not regulated, endorsed and approved will not be allowed. The environmenal impact will be a controlling factor. "Managed growth" is frequently used in conjunction with or in lieu of "smart growth."

Special Resource Area: An area or Region with unique characteristics or resources of statewide importance which are essential to the sustained wellbeing and function of its own region and other regions or systems -- environmental, economic, and social -- and to the quality of life for future generations. (25)

Translation: Essentially, an area off-limits to development without clearances from the highest levels.

Traffic Calming: means using physical devices to reduce traffic speed and volume while maintaining mobility and access for the purpose of balancing the needs of motorists with those of pedestrians, bicyclists, playing children and other users of "street space." (26)

Translation: Narrow streets, one-lane traffic, the creation of cul-de-sacs to prevent through traffic and other devices to discourage use of automobiles.

Transportation Demand Management: Strategies aimed at reducing the number of vehicle trips, shortening trip lengths, and moving trips from peak hours to hours with excess capacity. These strategies encourage the use of transit, carpools, vanpools, bicycling, and walking, and typically focus on the journey-to-work. They also include efforts to provide housing close to jobs to shorten trip lengths. These strategies usually require the joint cooperation of developers, employers, and local governments. (26)

Translation: Strategies such as the "Traffic Calming" efforts in the previous definition. Other strategies include comprehensive plans that call for clustering of residences, businesses, entertainment options, etc. all within walking or cycling distance. Foot paths and bike trails will also be included in the plans. One of the major goals is to try to separate you from dependence on your fossil-fuel-burning mode of transportation.

Trip: A single or one-way vehicle movement to or from a property or study area. Trips can be added together to calculate the total number of vehicles expected to enter or leave a specific land use or site over a designated period of time. (26)

Translation: Simply a term the planners will be using in attempting to formulate the most energy efficient arrangements.

Urban Growth Boundary - UGB: "The urban growth boundary (UGB) marks the separation between rural and urban land." "Land inside the UGB supports urban services such as roads, sewer, water, parks, schools and fire and police protection that create thriving places to live, work and play." (27)

Translation: Because services such as roads, sewer, water, etc. will not be supplied to land on the outside of the UGB it will become worthless, to be bought up at give-away prices by the environmental NGOs (non-governmental organizations) - a taking of ones property made possible through the actions of local government. Property on the inside of the line will become so valuable that only the wealthy elite will be able to afford desirable locations. People will be packed like sardines in a can. "Density" levels will rise to whatever numbers the social planners decide is appropriate.

Viewshed: The land area and its vegetation and structures that can be seen from a point, path or route, such as the viewshed of a Scenic Corridor. (28)

Translation: Any alteration to the your private property, such as building a structure, modifying a structure, or altering the landscape in any manner that is visible from a scenic corridor must receive the approval of a "viewshed committee." "Viewshed committees" are already in existence in many parts of the country.

Wildlife Corridor: Protected land running between areas of Habitat of significant wildlife communities, for the purpose of effectively extending the size of each area. (29)

Translation: Part of the "core" area, off-limits to human intrusion. See "Core Area" above. These corridors are supposedly to provide unfettered access to animal populations inhabiting the core areas.


FOOTNOTES:

1. Appendices page 319 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" (This appendices is a PDF file and you may have to download it to open it.) http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

2. Grant County, West Virginia. http://www.grantcounty-wa.com/Planning/LongRange/compplan/CHAPTER%201%20INTRODUCTION.htm

3. Brown & Hofmeister Attorneys at Law quoting Texas Statutory Basis Chapter Local Government § 219.005.II. http://www.bhlaw.net/CM/Articles%20Presentations/articles%20presentations5.asp

4. "Preparing an Energy Element for the Comprehensive Plan: A South Carolina Local Government Planning Guide"- Glossary
http://www.state.sc.us/energy/public/planning.htm

5. Appendices page 320 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan"
www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

6. Appendices page 321 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan"
www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

7. Page 181 "Under Construction: Tools and Techniques for Local Planning" Published by the State of Minnesota Room 300 658 Cedar St., St. Paul, MN 5515.
http://www.mnplan.state.mn.us/Report.html?Id=2910

8. Appendices page 322 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan"
http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

9. "Living with the Future in Mind" New Jersey http://www.njfuture.org/HTMLSrc/SSR/SustainableDevelopment.html

10. "THE ECONOMY, THE ENVIRONMENT and SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT" National Statistical Coordination Board http://www.nscb.gov.ph/peenra/Publications/Pamphlets/Pamphlet%20English%20Version.PDF

11. Appendices page 323 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

12. Page 73 "Under Construction: Tools and Techniques for Local Planning" Published by the State of Minnesota Room 300 658 Cedar St., St. Paul, MN 5515. http://www.mnplan.state.mn.us/Report.html?Id=2910

13. MODELING SUSTAINABLE INDICATORS http://www.arch.wsu.edu/information/sustain/modlsust.htm

14. Appendices page 324 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

15. Appendices page 326 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

16. Appendices page 327 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

17. Appendices page 328 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

18. Appendices page 330 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

19. Page 182 "Under Construction: Tools and Techniques for Local Planning" Published by the State of Minnesota Room 300 658 Cedar St., St. Paul, MN 5515. http://www.mnplan.state.mn.us/Report.html?Id=2910

20. "On Common Ground Realtors and Smart Growth." "Growth Management Fact Book" http://www.realtor.org/SmartGrowth2.nsf/files/fact_book.pdf/$FILE/fact_book.pdf

21. Appendices 331 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

22. Page 73 "Under Construction: Tools and Techniques for Local Planning" Published by the State of Minnesota Room 300 658 Cedar St., St. Paul, MN 5515. http://www.mnplan.state.mn.us/Report.html?Id=2910

23. Appendices 333 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

24. The state of Minnesota http://www.mnplan.state.mn.us/SDI/smart.html

25. Appendices 334 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

26. Appendices 336 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

27. Portland, Oregon Metro government http://www.metro-region.org/article.cfm?articleid=266

28. Appendices 337 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm

29. Appendices 338 "The New Jersey State Development and Redevelopment Plan" http://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/p2full/p2contac.htm