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| Kohaku
Koi with red pattern on white ground. Shiroji (white) should be a snow-white color and the Hi (red) should be visually balanced. It is said that Koi keeping begins and ends in Kohaku. It is one of the three most popular varieties along with Taisho Sanshoku, and Showa Sanshoku which are called "Gosanke (Big Three)"  |
| Taisho
Sanshoku
Also known as Taisho Sanke or Sanke. Koi with relatively spotted Sumi (black) on Kohaku pattern. This variety was created in the era of Taisho Japan and is why it is called "Taisho Sanshoku." The pattern along with the Hi (red) and Sumi (black) markings should be balanced. The Shiroji (white) should be of clean and brilliant color like snow.  |
| Showa
Sanshoku
Koi with larger Sumi (black) on Kohaku Pattern. Sumi (black) should be very dark and Hi (red) deep. This variety was created in the era of Showa in Japan. It is also known as Showa.  |
| Utsuri
mono
Koi with Sumi (black) background with Shiro (white), Hi (red) or Ki (yellow) pattern.  |
| Bekko
Koi with Shiro (white), Hi (red), or Ki (yellow) background with small Sumi (black) pattern distributed evenly over the koi.  |
| Asagi
Koi with blueish gray honeycomb pattern and Hi (red) on their underside. Each scale should be dark blue in the center and light blue or white on the edges. The Hi (red) should extend to the base of the pectoral fins.
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| Shusui
Koi similar to the Asagi, just a Doitsu (scaleless) version. Hi (red) should extend from the belly to the lateral line and scales along the dorsal line should be neatly aligned.  |
| Koromo
Koi similar to Kohaku with honeycomb pattern. Most common type is Ai-goromo.  |
| Tancho
Koi who’s only Hi (red) is a round spot on the head. Hi (red) should ideally stay between the eyes.  |
| Goshiki
Koi that has Hi (red) pattern on Asagi background. It is a five-color koi having white, red, black, blue, and dark blue markings.  |
