FAM 4 - T-34C Familiarization Flight 4

DISCUSS ITEMS

A.  Prohibited Maneuvers

      I -      Inverted flight above 220 KIAS

      N - Night formation flight (Except in emergencies)

      D - ‘Dirty’ (Gear or Flaps lowered) spins

      I -      Inverted spins or stalls

      F - Spins with the propeller Feathered

B.  G-Limits

      +4.5/-2.3 -      Up to 220 KIAS

      +4.5/-1.0 -      220 to 280 KIAS

      +2.0/-1.0 -      With Landing Gear or Flaps Down

C.   Electrical/Unknown Origin Fire

On the Ground

1. Execute EMERGENCY ENGINE SHUTDOWN procedure

2. Execute EMERCENCY EXIT procedure

VMC

1. Battery and Generator Switches -------  OFF

2. Reduce airspeed (As required) to minimize possible spread of fire

3. Oxygen ----------------------------  100% (As required)

4. Cockpit Environmental Control/Aft Cockpit Outside Air ----  OFF

If fire persists:

5. Execute ENGINE FIRE procedure

If fire extinguishes:

6. Land As Soon As Possible

7. Execute RESTORING ELECTRICAL POWER procedure (If required)

IMC

1. Utility Bus Switches ------------  OFF

2. All Other Nonessential Equipment ---   OFF

3. Reduce Airspeed (As required)

4. Oxygen ----------------------------  100% (As required)

5. Cockpit Environmental Control/Aft Cockpit Outside Air ----  OFF

If fire persists:

6. BAILOUT (Altitude permitting)

If fire extinguishes:

7. Land As Soon As Possible

D.  Engine Fires

On the Ground

1. Starter Switch --------------------      OFF (As required)

2. Execute EMERGENCY ENGINE SHUTDOWN procedure

3. Execute EMERGENCY EXIT procedure

During Takeoff

If engine fire is indicated by illumination of the FIRE warning light during takeoff before the aircraft becomes airborne, proceed as follows:

1. Execute ABORTING TAKEOFF procedure and EMERGENCY Engine shutdown procedure

If engine fire is indicated after takeoff, verify actual existence of fire and determine if continued flight or go-around is possible. If fire exists and flight cannot be continued proceed as follows:

2. Execute ENGINE FIRE procedure

 In Flight

If fire is confirmed:

1. Condition Lever -----------------      FUEL OFF

2. T-Handle --------------------------      PULL

3. Cockpit Environmental Control/Aft Cockpit Outside Air ----      OFF

If fire goes out:

4. Execute appropriate engine failure procedures and do not attempt restart

If fire does not go out:

5. BAIL OUT (Altitude permitting)

 Residual Engine Fire on Shutdown

1. Condition Lever -----------------  FUEL OFF

2. T-Handle --------------------------  PULL

3. Starter Switch --------------------  ENGAGE (Igniters off)

If conditions persist or engine fire light illuminates:

4. Starter Switch --------------------  OFF

5. Battery Switch -------------------  OFF

E.   Smoke and Fumes Elimination

1. Oxygen ----------------------------      100%

2. Reduce airspeed to minimize spread of fire

3. Cockpit Environmental Control -------      FRESH AIR INCREASE

4. Aft Cockpit Outside Air --------      PULL ON

If smoke or fumes remain, obstructing sight for landing, or heat buildup requires ventilation:

5. Canopy ----------------------------      EMERGENCY OPEN

F.  Airstart Limits

      - 1,500 ft AGL - 20,000 ft MSL

      - 80 - 280 KIAS

G.   Tower Controlled Field Ops

Tower Controlled Field Communications and Field Entry

1. Finding out the runway in use

   - Obtain ATIS information if available

   - If no ATIS, use WAK method (Weather, Altimeter, Runway in use)

   “Airport Name Tower, KATT/BUC #, Request Altimeter and Duty Runway”

2. Entry into landing pattern

   - Give the Tower your position relative to the airport and request entry into the pattern

   “Airport Name Tower, KATT/BUC #, 15 miles to the Southeast for entry into the VFR

Landing Pattern”

   - The Tower will clear you to enter the pattern by one of three methods

      Straight In Entry

- Descend to pattern altitude and maintain 150 kts

- When the aircraft is 5 miles from the end of the runway, transition to the downwind configuration by doing a Level Speed Change

- At 2 miles, reduce power to 300 ft-lbs, Lower Flaps, trim Left/Up, and decelerate to 90 kts.  Adjust power as necessary

      Downwind Entry

      - Descend to pattern altitude and maintain 150 kts until established on Downwind

- Prior to the Upwind numbers, transition to the Downwind Configuration by doing a Level Speed Change

      - Fly the pattern like at the OLFs

      Base Entry

      - This is used when the aircraft is approaching the field perpendicular to the runway

      - Descend to pattern altitude and maintain 150 kts until 3 miles from the runway

- Transition to the Downwind Configuration by doing a Level Speed Change

- When you are Abeam Downwind, make a normal 180 transition, and descend to arrive at a 90 position at 400 ft AGL

3. Communication Once in the Landing Pattern

   - Ask for permission to land/perform a touch and go when on the Downwind leg

   “Airport Name Tower, KATT/BUC #, Abeam, Three Down and Locked, Touch and Go”

- After touch and go you will need permission to turn downwind, this is not necessary if cleared for a closed pattern

- When you are done, tell the Tower that you wish to depart after your next pass or from downwind

   - Follow the Tower’s instructions and notify them when you clear their airspace

4. Landing Pattern Procedures

   - Find out the field elevation and pattern altitude for the airport you intend to use

INTRODUCE ITEMS

A.  HAPL (ELP Flown by IP)

Engine Failure During Flight

1. Flying Speed ----------------------  MAINTAIN (100 KIAS MIN)

2. Engine Instruments -------------  CHECK

3. Condition Lever -----------------  FTHR

4. Landing Gear and Flaps --------  UP

5. Landing Site ----------------------  SELECT

6. Harness ----------------------------  LOCKED

7. Airstart ----------------------------  PERFORM (If situation permits)

If airstart is not attempted or is unsuccessful:

8. No landing site available and altitude permits ---------  BAIL OUT

If forced landing is to be continued:

9. Condition Lever -----------------  FUEL OFF

10. T-Handle ------------------------  PULL

11. Broadcast ------------------------  MAYDAY(UHF), 7700(Transponder)

12. Enter ELP at or below high key

13. Gear and Flaps ------------------  AS REQUIRED

14. Canopy ---------------------------  EMERGENCY OPEN

15. Battery Switch   ------------------  OFF (May want to leave on at night)

       HAPL Emergency Landing Pattern (ELP)

1. HAPL High Key --------            2,500 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear UP, Flaps DOWN, Wingtip distance abeam landing site, Aligned with landing direction

2. Crosswind Position ----            2,000 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear UP, Flaps DOWN, Crossing the landing line

3. HAPL Low Key --------            @1,200 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear UP, Flaps DOWN,

2/3 wingtip distance

4. HAPL 90° Position ----            600 - 800 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear UP, Flaps DOWN, Perpendicular to landing line, 1/2 way between low key and final

5. Final ----------------------            90 - 95 KIAS, Gear/Flaps as appropriate

- Gear Up, Flaps DOWN if landing in a field

B.  PPEL (ELP flown by IP)

PPEL Procedure

1. TURN ----------  To the nearest paved field

2. CLIMB ---------  To dead-engine gliding distance point, 850 ft-lbs Maximum

3. CLEAN --------  Raise/verify Gear and Flaps UP

4. CHECK --------  Check instruments to determine the nature of the problem

5. DETERMINE -  The duty runway where you intend to land

6. DELIVER ------  PAN, PAN, PAN and ISPI (ID, Situation, Position, Intentions)

(simulate this call)

7. REDUCE ------  Power to 200 ft-lbs, 100 kt glide, retrim

8. LOWER --------  Gear Down prior to high key

9. REPORT -------  Perform Landing Checklist and report it complete

10. HIGH KEY ---  2,500 ft AGL, 100 kts, 1/4 wingtip distance

11. CROSSWIND-2,000 ft AGL, 100 kts, crossing landing line

12. LOW KEY ---  1,200 ft AGL, 100 kts, 2/3 wingtip distance

13. 90° POINT ---  600 - 800 ft AGL, 100 kts

14. FLAPS --------  As necessary, no earlier than LOW KEY

15. SLOW ---------  Reduce airspeed to 90 kts (Flaps Down) or 95 kts (Flaps Up)

16. REPORT -----  “Gear Down, Paddles Checked”

17. REDUCE -----  Power to idle in landing transition

PPEL Emergency Landing Pattern (ELP)

1. PPEL High Key ---------            2,500 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear DOWN, Flaps UP,

1/4 Wingtip distance abeam landing site, Aligned with landing direction

2. Crosswind Position ----            2,000 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear DOWN, Flaps UP, Crossing the landing line

3. PPEL Low Key ---------            @1,200 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear DOWN, Flaps UP,

2/3 wingtip distance

4. PPEL 90° Position -----            600 - 800 ft AGL, 100 KIAS, Landing Gear DOWN, Flaps UP, Perpendicular to landing line, 1/2 way between low key and final

5. Final ----------------------            90 - 95 KIAS, Gear/Flaps as appropriate

          - Flaps as required if landing on a paved runway

C.  Approach Turn Stall (ATS)

1. Configure

It is recommended to configure for this maneuver by executing a Level Speed Change

     - Altitude at or above 6,500 ft AGL

     - Downwind Configuration - 90kts, level flight, gear and flaps DOWN, landing lights ON

2. Check

     - Perform Landing Checklist and report it complete

     - Perform Stall Checklist and report it complete

3. Clear

     - 30° AOB for 180° of turn

4. Setup

     - Simulate approach turn

     - Reduce power to 300 ft-lb

     - Establish 90 kt descent

     - Trim Left and Up

5.  Commence

     - Only begin turn after comfortably established

     - Begin 30° AOB turn

     - Raise nose above normal approach turn attitude

     - Reduce power to 200 ft-lbs

     - Hold this attitude until stall

6. Recover

     Simultaneously and Quickly: Relax, Max, Roll, Rudder

     - Relax back stick pressure slightly

     - Maximum power

     - Roll wings level

     - Add right Rudder to counter torque

7. Climb

     - Establish a positive climbing attitude

     - Check 1015 ft-lb torque

     - Check 80 kts

     - Check ball centered

     - Once stabilized, lower nose to 90 kt climb attitude

8. Level Off

     - Once established in a 90 kt climb, level off at the next 500 ft interval

     - Level off at 90 kts, 600 ft-lb

     - Trim Left and Up

D.  Spin

1. Configure

     - Establish Normal Cruise

     - Trimmed, straight and level flight

     - Begin at an altitude such that the spin is entered at a minimum altitude of 9,000 ft AGL

     - Select a reference point on the ground

2. Check

     - Perform STALL CHECKLIST and report it complete.

3. Clear

     - 45° AOB for 180° of turn.

4. Setup

     - Roll out of the clearing turn on the selected reference point

     - reduce power to 200 ft-lbs

     - Check wings level

     - Smoothly raise the nose approximately 30° above the horizon

5. Spin Entry

- At the rudder shakers lead the stall with a slight amount or rudder in the desired direction of spin

- When the aircraft stalls, apply full back stick and full rudder in the direction of the spin.

- Do not use ailerons

- Without staring out towards the nose, watch for your reference point

     - Initiate recovery after 2 turns past your reference point

6. Recovery

     - Apply full opposite rudder

     - Place the stick slightly forward of neutral

     - Hold the controls in this position until the spin stops, then neutralize the controls

     - Level the wings by reference to the horizon

7. Pullout and Level Off

     - Commence a smooth pullout, 120 kts minimum, maximum 4.5 G’s

     - Continue pullout until the nose is positioned in the level flight attitude

     - Recover with minimum loss of altitude

     - Check Oil Pressure for a minimum of 65 psi

     - Approaching 150 kts, add power to 600 ft-lbs

8. Complete Maneuver

     - Check and report the Oil Pressure

     - Check gyro and RMI for precession and slave as necessary

E.   Outlying Field Ops (at Tower Controlled Field)

F.   Landing Pattern

Full Flap Touch and Go Landings

1. Enter Downwind

     a. Adjust AOB to establish 3/4 wingtip distance

     b. Slow to 100 kts

     c. Descend at 100 kts to pattern altitude - 900 ft MSL

     d. Level off at pattern altitude using PAT principle

     e. Adjust power to 500 - 550 ft-lbs

     f. Once on Downwind, conduct Landing Checklist down to flaps

2. At 15° prior to the abeam point, conduct the 4 T’s

     a. TRANSITION - Power to 300 ft-lbs and lower flaps

     b. TRIM - Left and up

     c. TURN - Begin turn at 180° point and descend at 90 kts to 90° point

     d. TALK - Transmit “KATT/BUC #, 180, gear down and locked”

     e. Report “Gear down, flaps down, Landing Checklist complete”

3. At the 90° point

     a. 90 KIAS

     b. 400 ft AGL / 500 ft MSL

4. Final approach

     a. 85 KIAS

     b. 100 - 150 ft AGL / 200 - 250 ft MSL

     c. 1,200 - 1,500 ft of straight-away remaining

     d. Wings level

     e. Check for good paddles and report “Gear down, paddles checked”

     f. Do not land prior to the RDO, crash crew, or wheels watch

5. Flare, landing, and takeoff

     a. Approaching touchdown, smoothly reduce PCL to IDLE

b. Coordinate gradual backstick pressure to land smoothly on the mains in a nose-high attitude

     c. Smoothly lower nose to the ground

     d. Add power to maximum allowable 1015 ft-lbs, raise the nose to takeoff attitude

     e. Execute a normal takeoff

6. Climbout

     a. Climb out at 90 kts

     b. Retrim right and down

     c. At 300 ft AGL / 400 ft MSL and clear of obstacles, raise flaps

     d. Accelerate to 100 kts, retrim left and up for 100 kt climb

7. Crosswind

     a. When #1 with interval, make transmit “KATT/BUC #, crosswind, touch and go”

     b. Turn crosswind using a maximum of 30° AOB

     c. Begin Landing Checklist down to flaps

     d. 50 ft prior to pattern altitude, reduce power to 500 - 550 ft-lbs

     e. Lower the nose to maintain 100 KIAS, trim left and up

     f. Enter Downwind

 No Flap Approach and Landing

- The No Flap approach and landing are the same as the Full Flap approach and landing with the following exceptions:

1. At 15° prior to the abeam point - Reduce power to 275 ft-lbs

2. At the 180° point - Reduce airspeed to 95 kts

3. On Final/Approach - Maintain 95 kts throughout the approach

PRACTICE ITEMS

A.  Takeoff

B.  Initial Climb to Altitude (ICA)

REVIEW ITEMS

A.  Preflight

B.  Ground Procedures

C.  Course Rules

D.      Communications Procedures