Affleck, Betty Ann and M. Elizabeth Dolan. A Descriptive Study Of A New Youth Subculture. Masters of Social Work Thesis, McGill University, 1968.

2- Hippies were regarded as a social problem and a moral panic generated around them. SEE 32, 45.

4 - The youth studied rejected the label "hippie" as an attempt to categorize them.

16 - In 1967 and 1968 hippies in Montreal were mostly anglophones - "French-Canadian youth...were not identified closely with the subculture." BRAKEâS CLASS ANALYSIS OF HIPPIE AS MIDDLE-CLASS?

18 - "the hard-core group of the subculture did not live at home, did not attend an established educational institution and was not employed regularly."

25 - THE RESEARCHERS USED THE "HALL-JONES" SCALE OF OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE FOR MALES TO DISCERN CLASS (OPENHEM, A.N. - QUESTIONAIRE DESIGN...1966). The majority were from upper and upper-middle-class homes.

27 - 75% of the sample wanted to pursue artistic careers.

31 - Hippies were frequently stopped, interrogated and/or frisked by cops due to their appearance ("looking suspicious")

32 - 1/2 of the sample had been charged with vagrancy! Almost half had been charged for loitering, etc. DO THESE LAWS CONSTITUTE A SET OF LEGAL TOOLS USED TO HASSLE DEVIANT YOUTH INTO COMPLIANCE W/ SOCIETAL NORMS? YES, GIVEN THE ARREST RATE ON THESE TYPES OF "CRIMES" BUT THEIR LOW CONVICTION RATE (p. 37). SEE ALSO 2, 45.

35 - Cops are professional group with the most frequent contact with hippies.

36 - Men get harsher treatment from the cops because they "are more easily dientified by their physical appearance" and may therefore be "perceived as more 'deviant' (or sometimes 'criminal') than the females, and their appearance symbolizeds a lifestlye and a rebellioin against society's social norms and values. With the males, therefore, the policeman is placed under pressure to 'do something about the problem' by an often outraged public."

39 - 16 of sample of 20 "mentioned that some of the police were physically or mentally brutal."

40 - equal numbers referred to cops as "puppets of the establishment" or else that "the police were there 'to do a job.'"

45 - "(Police) harrassment aslo encourages a youth 'underground', an underground that might tend to further inihibit communication with 'straight' society an dincrease the feelings of alienation and distrust these youth already have experienced with the soiciety surrounding them. SEE 2, 32.

162 - "Fundamental to this youth subculture is their assault on the work ethci. These young poeple appear to be searching for alternatives to mechanistic work an dthe 'success myth.' They clearly reject the notion of 'a job', which is so vital to the life of 'straight society.'"

189 - "Findings around activities and interaction indicated a trend of withdrawal or non-involvement in traditional forms of collective political action."

253 - Study agrees that hippies tend to come from the middle-class.

255 - "The sample expressed rejection of the bureaucratic mode of operation within established institutions rather than with individual people representing these various institutions."

257 - "A strong pattern emerging from the findings, and a strong component in the subculutre's lifestyle was the search for meaning and identity through personal relationships, with their immediate physical environment and with the metaphysical environment."

258 - "Self-realization and personal freedom were found to be important norms of the youth subculture, which come into conflict with traditional nroms related to the work ethic and the 'success myth.'"

259 - "As a result of the breaking down of traditional categories within the new subculture, some young people who whould be classified as 'deviant' in establihsed society, were found to be accepted and were provided a haven within the youth community."

259 - "Female members of the subculture clearly were tolerated and protected more by the surrounding society than were the male members (as witnessed in the females' interaction with the police)."