Shuttlecraft
Argo Type
This is a freight shuttle with a large aft door.  The wings are swept down for atmostpheric flight.  The shuttle is warp-capable, with the nacelles located very closely to the hull.

A cargo shuttle named Argo will appear in "Star Trek Nemesis".  There is a wheeled ground vehicle aboard the shuttle, also named Argo. This is why we can suppose that the vehicle belongs to the shuttle's standard complement.
Galileo 7 Type
This type of shuttle is carried aboard Federation starships and also used on starbases in the 2260's.
Galileo 5 Type
This shuttle type is among the standard complement of the Enterprise-A as of2287.

Like all small shuttles of that ime, this is supposed to be a sublight shuttle.  This isn't contradicted by onscreen evidence.
"Generations" shuttle
This shuttle seems to belong to the complement of the USS Enterprise NCC 1701-D.
Janeway's shuttle
Admiral Janeway uses such a shuttle on her mission to save Voyager in 2404.  The shuttle is equipped with a novel ablative armor.

The similarity to the Type-9 shuttle is underniable, but with its considerably different proportions it clearly is a new type.  The "SC" in the registry obviously refers to "Starfleet Command"
Type 6
This is a standard shuttlecraft in use at least aboard ships of the Galaxy, Nebula, and Intrepid classes.
Type 7
This type of shuttlecraft is in use at least aboard ships of the Galaxy-class an Excelsior-class.
Type 8
This type of shuttlecraft is in use at least on ships of the Intrepid-class.
Type 9
This modern type of shuttlecraft is commonly used on USS Voyager and also by Starfleet facilities in Sector 001.
Type 10
One Type 10 shuttlecraft is carried aboard the USS Defiant.
Type 15
Type 15 is a light short-range shuttle with two seats.  It is used on the Galaxy-class and Renaissance-class.
Type 18
The Defiant is equipped with two of these small short-range shuttlecraft.
Enterprise-E shuttle
The Enterprise-E has this new type of large warp shuttles.
The Enterprise-E shuttle has an extremely streamlined look like the Type 9, but at least it is large enough for a comfortable trip for four or more persons.