DRILL AND CEREMONIES
FM 22-5
1. What are the purposes of drill?
A. 1) To enable a commander to move his / her unit from one place to another in an orderly manner.
2) To in aid in disciplinary training by installing habits of precision and response to the leader's orders.
3) To provide a means, through ceremonies, of enhancing the morale of troops, developing the spirit of cohesion, and presenting traditional, interesting, and well-executed military parades.
2. Historically, what was the primary value of drill?
A. To prepare troops for battle.
3. Who wrote the first Army field manual?
A. Major General Friedrich von Steuben.
4. What is another name for von Steuben's field manual, "The Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the troops of the United States"?
A. The Blue Book.
5. Which song officially became the National Anthem by law on 3 March 1931?
A. "The Star-Spangled-Banner."
6. What is the purpose of the Retreat ceremony?
A. It is the ceremony that pays honors to the national flag when it is lowered in the evening.
7. What are three methods of instruction used to teach drill to soldiers?
A. 1) Step-by-step.
2) Talk through.
3) By-the-numbers.
8. Regardless of which method of instruction is used by the instructor in teaching drill to soldiers, each movement should be presented using three teaching stages. What are these three stages?
A. 1) Explanation.
2) Demonstration.
3) Practice.
9. What is a drill command?
A. An oral order of a commander or leader.
10. Instruction and practical work, in all phases of drill, can best be presented by using which type of formations?
A. 1) U - Formation.
2) Line formation.
11. What are the parts of a two-part command?
A. 1) Preparatory command.
2) Command of execution.
12. When giving a command while marching, (i.e. Column right, march), when are the commands given?
A. The preparatory command and command of execution are both given on the foot in the direction of the turn (i.e. Column right march, is given as the right foot strikes the marching surface).
13. Define combined command.
A. In some commands, the preparatory command and the command of execution are combined. These commands are given without inflection and at a uniformly high pitch and loudness comparable to that for a normal command of execution.
14. What is an example of a combined command?
A. Fall in, At ease, Rest.
15. What are supplementary commands.?
A. Supplementary commands are oral orders given by a subordinate leader that reinforce and complement a commander's order. They ensure proper understanding and execution of a movement. It is normally given between the preparatory command and the command of execution.
16. What type of command can be used to develop confidence and promote enthusiasm?
A. Mass commands.
17. What are directives in regards to drill and ceremonies?
A. Directives are oral orders given by the commander that direct or cause a subordinate leader to take action.
18. Define cadence, in commands.
A. Cadence, in commands, means a uniform and rhythmic flow of words.
19. What is the best posture for giving commands?
A. The best posture for giving commands is the position of attention. Soldiers in formation notice the posture of their leader. If his posture is unmilitary (relaxed, slouched, stiff, or uneasy), the subordinates will imitate it.
20. When using command voice, what is meant by inflection?
A. Inflection is the rise and fall in pitch and the tone changes of the voice.
21. Which of the position of rest may be commanded and executed from the position of attention?
A. Any position of rest may be commanded and executed from the position of attention.
22. What are the rest positions at the halt?
A. 1) Parade rest.
2) Stand at ease.
3) At ease.
4) Rest.
23. What must be done with the right foot while at the position of rest?
A. The right foot must remain in place.
24. How does a soldier salute when double timing?
A. The soldier must come to a quick time before saluting.
25. Describe the command "Order Arms" from the hand salute.
A. "Order Arms" from the hand salute is a one-count movement. The command is "Order, Arms". On the command of execution Arms, return the hand sharply to the side, resuming the position of attention.
26. Describe the hand salute when wearing headgear with a visor (with or without glasses).
A. The hand salute is a one-count movement. The command is "Present, Arms". On the command of execution Arms, raise the right hand sharply, fingers and thumb extended and joined, palm facing down, and place the tip of the right forefinger on the rim of the visor slightly to the right of the eye. The outer edge of the hand is barely canted downward so that neither the back of the hand nor the palm is clearly visible from the front. The hand and wrist are straight, the elbow inclined slightly forward, and the upper arm horizontal.
27. When executed from the halt, all steps except right step begin with which foot?
A. Left.
28. How many steps per minute are executed in the cadence of quick time?
A. 120 steps per minute.
29. How many steps per minute are executed when double timing?
A. 180 steps per minute.
30. Define "At Ease, March".
A. The command "At Ease, March" is given as either foot strikes the arching surface. On the command of execution, March, the soldiers are no longer required to retain cadence; however, silence and the approximate interval and distance are maintained.
31. What are the differences between "At Ease, March" and "Route Step, March"?
A. "Route Step, March" is executed exactly the same as "At Ease, March" except that the soldier may drink from his / her canteen and talk.
32. What should a soldier do while marking time in formation?
A. The soldier should adjust position to ensure proper alignment and cover.
33. What are the positions of attention with the rifle (M16)?
A. 1) Order arms.
2) Sling arms.
34. For drill purposes, the magazine is not carried in the rifle. When performing duty requiring the use of the magazine, how should the rifle be carried?
A. Sling arms.
35. What command must be given prior to the command for double time?
A. Port, Arms or Sling Arms.
36. Facing movements are executed from what position(s)?
A. Facing movements are executed from order arms or sling arms.
37. How many movements (counts) are executed when moving to port arms from order arms?
A. Port arms from order arms is a two-count movement.
38. How many movements (counts) are executed when moving to order arms from port arms?
A. Order arms from port arms is executed in three counts.
39. How is present arms executed from order arms (with M16)?
A. Present arms from order arms is a three-count movement. The command "Present, Arms":
1) On the command of execution, Arms, execute port arms in two counts.
2) On the third count, twist the rifle with the right hand so that the magazine well is to the front, and move the rifle to a vertical position with the carrying handle about four inches in front of and centered on the body.
3) Lower the rifle until the left forearm is horizontal; keep the elbows in at the sides.
40. What is the command to remove a bayonet from an M16?
A. "Unfix, bayonets."
41. How is a salute executed while at sling arms?
A. At the command of execution, Arms, reach across the body with the left hand and grasp the sling just above the right hand. Release the right hand and execute the hand salute.
42. What are the two prescribed formations for a squad?
A. 1) Line.
2) Column.
43. How should squads be marched?
A. A squad normally marches in a column formation, however, for short distances it may march in a line formation.
44. Where is the squad leader positioned in a line formation?
A. Three steps in front of and centered on the squad.
45. What command terminates a formation?
A. Dismissed.
46. To give a greater degree of relaxation than the rest positions, what command may the squad leader give?
A. Fall Out. Squad members may leave their position in formation, but they must remain in the immediate area.
47. When the command, "At Close Interval, Dress Right, Dress" is given, what final command must be given?
A. Ready, Front.
48. When in platoon formation, how does the platoon sergeant and platoon leader carry their weapons (M16) during drill and ceremonies?
A. Sling Arms.
49. How does a platoon "Fall In" on a platoon sergeant?
A. The squad leader and first squad when formed is three steps in front of and centered on the platoon sergeant. Other squad leaders cover on the first squad leader at the correct distance. Members of the other squads fall in on their squad leader.
50. When reporting accountability of platoon members, how is the report conducted from squad leaders to platoon sergeants leaders?
A. Squad leaders, in succession from front to rear, turn their heads and eyes toward the platoon sergeant and salute (holding the salute until returned) and report.
51. How does a soldier report to the platoon sergeant / leader when in formation?
A. When the individual's name is called, he assumes the position of attention and replies "Here sergeant / sir." He then takes one (15 inch) step backward, halts, faces to the right / left in marching, and exits the formation by marching to the nearest flank. Once the individual has cleared the formation, he begins to double time and halts two steps from and centered on the platoon sergeant / leader.
52. What are the squad movements on command, "Open Ranks, March"?
A. 1) The front rank takes two steps forward.
2) The second rank takes one step forward.
3) The third rank stands fast.
4) The fourth rank takes two steps backward.
5) The fifth rank takes four steps backward.
6) The sixth rank takes six steps backward.
53. When space is limited and the platoon leader wants to march his unit in the opposite direction, with the squad leaders at the head of their squads, what command is given?
A. Counter Column, March.
54. How many steps are between platoons when the company is in a line formation?
A. Five (5) steps.
55. The company has one prescribed formation for inspecting personnel and equipment in ranks. What is that formation?
A. Company in a line with platoons in line.
56. The battalion has two basic formations. What are these formations?
A. 1) Line formation.
2) Column formation.
57. In the Continental Army, how were honor guards used?
A. They were used as a protective measure and as a means of showing the improvement in discipline in the newly formed Army.
58. The term "Retreat" is taken from the French word "retraite" and refers to the evening ceremony and dated back to the Crusades. What was the purpose of the retreat ceremony?
A. The bugle call sounded at retreat at sunset to notify sentries to start challenging until sunrise, and to tell the rank and file to go to their quarters. The ceremony remains as a tradition.
59. What was the first flag borne by the Army as a representative of the 13 colonies and where was it raised?
A. The Grand Union Flag. It was raised over the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts, on 2 January 1776.
60. When was the Stars and Stripes borne?
A. 14 June 1777, two years to the day after the birth of the Army.
61. When did the Stars and Stripes actually become the National Colors?
A. Shortly before the Civil War, the Stars and Stripes became the National Colors.
62. Why was the practice of carrying the colors into battle discontinued?
A. Because of the high casualty rate among the members of the color party, plus the advent of modern weapons, the time-honored practice of carrying the Colors into battle was discontinued.
63. The first general mourning proclaimed in America took place in 1791 and the next general mourning took place in 1799. Whose deaths caused these first general mournings?
A. 1) Benjamin Franklin in 1791.
2) George Washington in 1799.
64. When do uniformed soldiers salute during a funeral?
A. 1) When Honors are sounded.
2) When the casket is moved.
3) Cannon salutes.
4) Firing of volleys.
5) While "Taps" is being played.
65. How must the remains be handled when being carried by active pallbearers?
A. The remains are handled in a dignified, reverent, and military manner, ensuring that the casket is carried level and feet first at all times.
66. For ceremonial firing, what number of soldiers can be involved in the firing party?
A. The firing party consists of not more than eight (8) riflemen and not less than five (5) with one NonCommissioned Officer in charge.
67. When may the National Colors be carried in formation?
A. The Colors may be carried in any formation in which two or more companies, honor guards, or representative elements or a command participate.
68. When are salutes not required?
A. 1) Indoors, except when reporting to an officer or when on duty as a guard.
2) A prisoner.
3) Saluting is obviously inappropriate.
4) Either the senior or the subordinate is wearing civilian clothes.
69. When do soldiers in formation salute?
A. When given the command, "Present, Arms".
70. When are Army personnel in uniform required to salute?
A. 1) When in uniform they are required to salute when they meet and recognize persons entitled (by grade) to a salute except when it is inappropriate or impractical.
2) When the United States National Anthem, "To the Colors", "Hail to the Chief", or foreign national anthems are played.
3) To uncased National Colors outdoors.
4) On ceremonial occasions as prescribed in Chapter 9, FM 22-5.
5) At reveille and retreat ceremonies, during the raising or lowering of the flag.
6) During the sounding of honors.
7) When pledging allegiance to the US Flag outdoors.
8) When turning over control of formations.
9) When rendering reports.
10) To officers of friendly foreign countries.
71. What is a guidon?
A. A guidon is a company, battery or troop identification flag. It is present at all unit formations unless otherwise directed by the commander.