GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
Bozhou lies in Nothwest of Anhui province,the joint border
of four provincds like Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan and Anhui,which is the hinterland
of Huanghuai Plain With flat and broad terrain and elegant natural scenery.All
the rivers within the border of Bozhou belong to Huaihe Water System and GuoHe
River runs through the middle part and on toward the Southeast to the Huaihe
River.Bozhou is categorized into warm temperate zone semi-humid monsoon climate
withs distinct climate in the four seasons and sufficient sunshine.The mean
annual temperature is 14.5C,and the mean annual quantity fo precipitation is
814.3mm,while the frostfree period is 209 days.
The transportation in Bozhou is very
convenient.Bozhou is near the Eurasia Land Bridge in the North,and the Shangqiu
Airport is 60 km away and the Fuyang Airport is 120 km.The
Beijing-JiujiangRailway,Xufu Railway,National Highway No.311 and
No.105,National Defence Highway No.0908 as wall as the jingjing Expressway and
Jiefubeng Speedway are all running across within the borders of Bozhou ;the
GuoHe River shipping may go straight through Shanghai and Hangzhou.
GENERAL PICTURE
Bozhou used to be the old haunt of Nanbo,whose
name was changed into Qiaojun Daye Year Two of Sui Dynasty(606A.D.),which is
one of the "Shiwang"States in Tang Dynasty (In Kaiyuan Era of
Tang,the Dynasty classified the states in the country into seven grades
according to their governing territory scale,economic stringth and importance
of their situation.The first grade was "Sipu",the send grage was "Liuxiong"and
the third grade was "Shiwang".)In zhizheng Year Fifteen of Yuan
Dynasty(1355A.D.),liu Futong supported Han Lin to comme to the throne in
Bozhou,who was called the Second Ming King,and the title for the reigning
dynasty was Dasong.In Early Hongwu Year of Ming Dynasty(1368A.D.)Bozhou's
administrative position wasdegraded from State to County.And in Mingxiao
Hongzhi Year Nine(1496A.D.)of Ming Dynasty,Bozhou was resumed the
asministrative position as a State.It was changed into a county in
1912A.D.,Bozhou was erected as a city and then was changed into a county
again.In May of 1986,Bozhou was removed the title as a county and became a
city.And in 1996,after being approved by the State Department of China,Bozhou
was changed into a municipality directly under the Provincial Government but
was administrated by Fyang Municipla Government as the acting governing body.In
June of 2000,Bozhou was authorized by the State Departmint of Ching to become a
municipality directly under the Provincial Government.
HISTORY
Beingthe well-known historical and cultural city of
China,Bozhou has been awarede as one of the National Excellent TraveCities in
first group.With a long history and a brilliant culture,the State-founder of
Shang Dynasty Monarch Chengtang,the primogenitor of Taoism Lao Tzu,the Holy
Wise Chuang Tzu,the highly skilled doctor Hua Tuo,the Weiwu Emperor Cao
Cao,WenEmperor Cao Pi,the Poet Cao Zhi,the Holy Masterof Taoism Chen
Tuan,Farmer-compassion Poet Li Shen and the Heroine Hua Mulan were all born and
brought up in Bozhou,leaving Bozhou with rich and generous cultural heritages.
And at present,there are altogether over400 cultural relics and historical
sites in Bozhou City,including 4 National Key Cultural Relic Protection
Units,17Provincial Key Cultural Relic Protection Units.Among which,the Ancient
Acting Stage,Weichi Temple Site,Cao Cao's underground Soldier Traveling
Channel,Cao Family Kindred Cemetery,Huazu Nunnery,Tianjing Palace,Chuang Tzu
Ancestral Temple and Lao Tzu Memorial Temple are all of long ancient charm and
enjoying the fame both inside and outside China.In the ancient city district
the Ming and Qing Dynasty style and feature still exists with 72 old streets
and 36 old lanes.By combining the natural landscape and human cultural
scene,all these ancient sites contain the colorful cultural details and exhibit
the industry,wise and treat creation of Bozhou people,making the touring the
tourists too busy to see.
亳州市位于安徽省西北部，与河南、山东、江苏三省相邻，是远古时期中原文化的发源地之一。3700多年前，商汤都亳；魏文帝曹丕把亳州定为陪都；元末刘福通拥小明王韩林儿为帝，定都亳州，因此亳州以“三朝古都”名扬天下。1986年，亳州市被国务院批准为国家级历史文化名城；1998年被评为中国优秀旅游城市。
亳州人杰地灵，几千年来泱泱涡水哺育了众多的英雄豪杰，文人墨客，仅载入中国《历史名人大辞典》的就有数百人。其中哲学家、思想家老子、庄子、陈抟；有集政治家、军事家、文学家于一身的曹操；有中医外科鼻祖华佗等。悠久的历史，众多的名人，灿烂的文化，为亳州留下了许多弥足珍贵的名胜古迹，现有国家级重点文物保护单位4处，省级重点文物保护单位20余处，一般文物古迹100多处，较著名的有花戏楼、曹操地下运兵道、华祖庵、蒙城县尉迟寺遗址、庄子祠、万佛塔、涡阳县天静宫、张乐行故居等。
花戏楼，一称大关帝庙，山陕会馆。在亳州城北关。因戏楼遍布戏文，彩绘鲜丽，俗称花戏楼。清顺治十三年（1656）集资重修大关帝庙，康熙十五年（1676）建立歌台，即戏楼。花戏楼大殿为主体建筑，戏楼辅衬。大殿高10米，后为正殿，殿中供奉关羽木雕像，两侧立关平、周仓像，毁于侵华日军。戏楼舞台呈凸字形。台正中书“演古风今”四个金字，台前悬木对联一副，右书“一曲阳春唤醒今古梦”，左书“两般面貌做尽忠奸情”。戏楼东侧为钟楼，西侧为鼓楼，两楼中间是前门，系仿木结构三层牌坊式水磨砖面建筑，一幅幅精美砖雕镶嵌其间。大殿前置铁鼎侧立铁鹤一对，足蹬神龟，高３米，重５００余公斤，铸于康熙三十三年（１６９４）。花戏楼以其表现数十出戏文、掌故的砖雕、木雕、彩绘闻名于世。为国家级重点文物保护单位。
曹操运兵道，位于亳州市老城内主要街道下，以大隅首为中心，向四面延伸，分别通达城外。整个地道经纬交织，纵横交错；布局奥妙，变化多样；立体分布，结构复杂；规模宏伟，工程浩大；长达四千余米。是迄今发现历史最早、规模最大的地下军事战道。它远远超过地面上保留的一座完整古老城池的价值，被誉为“地下长城”。2001年7月17日被列为第五批全国重点文物保护单位。
曹操（155-220），字孟德， 东汉著名政治家、
军事家、文学家。据史书载：曹操多次运用地道战术取得战争胜利，亳州古地下道，就是曹操当年在家乡修筑的地下军事防御战道。他把数量不多的士兵从地道内暗暗送出城外，再从城外开进城内，反复多次，迷惑敌人，出奇制胜。 现存古地道，有土木结构，砖土结构，砖结构三种类型，有单行道、转弯道、平行双道、上下两层道四种形式。地道距地面深度一般2至4米，最深7米，道内高度1.8米左右，道宽0.7米，道内转弯处均为“T”型，并行双道这两道相距2至3.5米，中间砌有方形传话孔。古地道内幽深蜿蜒，曲折不定，设有猫耳洞、掩体、障碍券、障碍墙、绊腿板、陷井等军事设施，还有通气孔、传话孔、灯笼等附属设施。
道骨出土有弹丸、铁刀、铁灯、卸枚、围棋子、铜镜、陶器、瓷器、砚台等汉、唐、宋各代的文物，它对研究中国古代军事建筑、军事战术以及曹操军事思想有重要意义。
华祖庵为祭祀我国东汉时期杰出的医药学家华佗的庙祠。
华佗字元化，一名敷。安徽亳州人，他精研歧黄、兼通数经。一生不慕利禄、走街串巷、寻求方药、为人疗疾、济世活人。在1600多年前就创用酒服“麻沸散”施行剖腹手术，为外科鼻祖。又创编“五禽戏”以防生保健，开我国体育医疗的先河，医术精湛，医德高尚，后人颂为神医。
华祖庵始建于唐宋年间，由庙祠、故居、古药园三个院落组成，占地面积8600平方米，庙祠内外双狮雄踞，古木虬枝盘空，殿宇辉煌，肃穆庄严。神医塑像，热诚慈祥倔降飘逸，神采奕奕。这里陈列着大量的医史文献和文物展品。西偏殿内，数组彩塑腊像，配以灯光布景，引人入胜。东院修竹间，华佗自怡亭翘首昂然，亭悬楹联曰：“自是闲云野鹤，怡然流水瑶琴”，这对华佗一生写照是多么确切！穿过庙祠就是他的故居。元化草堂立于高台之上，东厢名“益寿轩”，西厢“存珍斋”为其当年的药房和看病的地方，分别悬挂着中国历代名医画像和其乡土别传以及国内外专家学者的题词和绘画。整个院落回廊相接，松苍柏老，竹翠梅寒，绿荫沉沉与庙祠相映生辉。绕过画廊，进入古药园，被垂柳吊槐覆盖下的药池，晶莹绿泛，至善水榭与曲桥玉立其间，碧影波光晃然水晶宫里。一片竹篱柴扉间，满植芍药、牡丹、白菊、曼陀萝、玫瑰、棕榀等名贵中药草及花卉，可谓药圃流香，四季繁花争艳。神医阁、五禽戏坛、课徒馆、云路桥和诗壁诸景，掩映在碧水绿树间，古香古色，令人静谧而神荡，悠思千古。这里也是华佗纪念馆的所在地。自开放之日瞻仰胜迹，缅怀先哲的国内外各界人士络绎不绝，华祖庵已成为世界研究华佗学术的中心，历史文化名城亳州的一处闪耀着无限风光的景点。
曹操宗祖墓群覆盖着亳州近12公里的地方，现已开出来的有董园二号墓和章园一号墓。据考证董园二号墓是曹操的祖父曹藤之墓，章园一号墓为曹操父亲曹嵩之墓，现在曹操宗祖墓群已被列为亳州十大建筑之一，现在的曹氏公园正是在此基础上建立的。 董园村石墓，位于亳州市董园村东南，1973年清理发掘，根据《水经注》记载和出土文物考证，墓主人是曹操祖父曹藤。 董园村石墓，外形为一高大土丘，内系青石筑砌，墓门朝东，墓内长15.3米，宽10.2米，高3注，甬道、前室、中室、后室、南北耳室，东西偏室等组成，共用872块大条石筑成，董园石墓内各室均有壁画如仕女图、游天图、天象图、仙境图等，整个石墓建筑考究，工程浩大，俨然是一座宏伟的地下宫室，对研究东汉历史和地下建筑有重要意义。 墓内很遗憾的是随葬品几乎被焚盗一空，从中清理出的文物有：铜缕玉衣、玉枕、金属猪、铜爪饰、陶瓷残片等，尤其金属猪，造型与今巴克夏品种猪十分近形，脊上凸，圆身，短腿，两耳前竖，唇外侈，对研究中国养猪的发展史有重要价值。
三国揽胜宫位于亳州火车站边，曹四孤堆附近，占地四十四亩。整个揽胜宫为一仿汉建筑群。从三国揽胜宫前门进入，可见一祭台，祭台两边设钟鼎。祭台后是花园。再向里走，就是主体建筑“魏武堂”。“魏武堂”长120米，”高两层，跨度60米，雄伟壮观，宽敞明亮。“魏武堂”共设十景：一是“迎献帝”，二是“青梅煮酒”，三是“官渡之战”，四是“铜雀台”，五是“赤壁大战”，六是“洛神”，七是“文姬归汉”，八是“火烧葫芦谷”，九是“游仙”，十是“戏貉蝉”。目前，亳州市正以“三国揽胜宫”为轴心，开发“三国旅游线”。
亳州钱庄，座落在亳州古城北门南京巷19号，建于道光年间，其建筑风格中西合璧，端庄大方，布局严谨、自然合理，为面阔三间的三进四合院，对研究古代商铺建筑具有一定的价值。
钱庄亦称票号，是专营银两汇兑，吸收存款、放款的私人金融机构，是中国近代银行的前身。南京巷钱庄是山西“平遥帮”票号在皖设立较早的分号之一，金融业务遍及全国各地，有力地促进了亳州乃至全国的资金融通和周转，对民族工商业的兴起做出过重大贡献。
MORE INFO : www.bozhou.gov.cn