Alethiometer - as you all know means 'truth meter'. In Ancient Greek, the words alethes means 'true', where alethio could have stemmed from.

Anbaric - electric (submitted by magnum10)
The word is derived from the arabian word "'anbar" which means "amber". Remember: The phenomen of electricity was discovered in the first place by the ancient Greeks, who examined rods of amber, which have a disposition to be naturally electrically charged. Hence, our words "electric", "electricity", and so on, are derived from the Greek word for amber, "electron" (Latin: "electrum"). So, in Will's (and our) world, the Greek word for amber was used to name electricity, while in Lyra's world the arabian word was used, indicating that the ancient Arabians discovered electricity there...
submitted by Sandro E.

Anbaromagnetic - electromagnetic
submitted by magnum10

Coal-spirit - oil
submitted by magnum10

Coal-silk - plastic  
submitted by magnum10