| 1. Non Sequiturs | A non sequitur occurs when a conclusion does not follow logically from the premises used to support it. |
| 2. False and Vague Premises | In the case of non sequiturs, the premises are supposedly true, but the conclusion does not follow. |
| 3. Ad Hominem ("against the person") | Ad hominem is reasoning when you, instead of attacking a person's argument, one attacks a certain quality in the person which is not directly related to the argument itself. |
| 4. Begging the Question | A person begs the question when he tries to deomonstrate that a certain point is true, but in the process already assumes his point is true. |
| 5. Red Herrings | Saying something inflammatory or beside-the-point in order to distract everyone from a tension causing issue. If one pulls it off one salvages one's pride, but unfortunately truth is not served. |