STUDENT HANDBOOK
2002

TABLE OF CONTENTS

THE NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA

STUDENT HANDBOOK 2002

Introduction

This collection of information on academic requirements and programs is to provide students with a general framework for understanding what is expected for completion of the Doctor of Medicine degree and information to help you access the opportunities which are available. This is not a comprehensive statement of all policies and procedures, nor is it intended to preclude the implementation of changes in the Medical University program of policies during your tenure in the University. Changes, which may affect you related to the University policies, procedures, or requirements, will be provided in updates in subsequent Handbooks, in class meetings, in e-mails, on web pages, or in information memos. Additional information about the major requirements and procedures will be distributed to or discussed with the class at appropriate times during the program through mailings, class meetings, and workshops. Students are expected to read and/or attend meetings to familiarize themselves with requirements and modifications that may impact on their programs.

Questions about policies, requirements, and procedures may be directed to Department of Medical Education for referral to the appropriate dean or staff member.

Visit our Web pages at http://www.nmum.cjb.net for updates on policies and procedures throughout your medical education.

THE NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA

Mission statement

The mission of the National Medical University of Mongolia is to improving the general health and well being of the public through producing physicians able to perform primary health service and work in the research field.

The specialist training should be done in course closely combined activities of research work, health service and production.

For the general practitioners, physicians of traditional medicine, hygienists, managers of Public Health Care, dentists and pharmacists graduating from the Medical University to complete the specific curriculum compiled according to the model of specialists corresponding to requirements of our country and foreign countries at that period of time

Education, research and health services of the National Medical University are directed at giving the students skills in studying and furthering their specialization and qualification.

Brief Introduction of the National Medical University of Mongolia

The National Medical University of Mongolia (NMUM) was established in 1942 as the Medical Faculty of the Mongolian State University. In 1961 the Medical Faculty was separated from the Mongolian State University and named as the Mongolian Medical Institute. Late in 1990, this institution was reorganized into the National Medical University of Mongolia.

The NMUM provides the highest level of medical education in Mongolia. The University has the following faculties and schools:

Medical Colleges in Ulaanbaatar city, Gobi-Altai, Dorno-Gobi and Darkhan–Uul aimags (provinces), Central Medical Library and Central Research Laboratory are included in the structure of the NMUM.

The NMUM has following departments:

At the National Medical University of Mongolia all undergraduate and graduate training activities coordinated by Department of Medical Education and Division of Science and Specialty Training.

The functions of the Dean’s Office for Academic Affairs are to deliberate principal medical educational affairs and accompanying matters, and to provide recommendations to the Dean with regard to medical educational policies.

The principal medical educational affairs include:

Office of Student Affairs works directly with students and departments within the NMUM. Its function is to meet the individual needs of the students as they relate to academic performance, financial aid, personal problems and after school programs.

NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA
BULLETIN OF INFORMATION

Academic calendar

The academic year at the National Medical University of Mongolia which consists of two semesters runs from the first of September to end of June except for the clinical practice which continue during the summer. At the beginning of each semester the timetable containing the dates of the courses will be developed and sent to the students.

Admission requirements

Medical University Admission Test has evaluated applicant’s knowledge on general chemistry and physics. Approximately 70 % of test covers of chemistry questions and 30% for physics. Admission Test contents is developed by Admission Committee of NMUM and organized at the beginning of July. Number of enrollees approved by Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

Registration and tuition.

All students are required to register and pay tuition fees during the regular registration period before beginning of each academic year or August 20-25. Only with the permission of the Dean for Student Affairs may tuition be paid later than regular announced date. Any student who does not meet his financial obligations to the NMUM will not be permitted to attend class. The tuition fee is different in colleges and years of study.

Table 1. Tuition fee (per academic year)

No
Colleges and faculty
Tuition fee (US$)
1
Faculty of Medicine
2000
2
School of Mongolian Traditional Medicine
.
3
School of Dentistry
.
4
Faculty of Public Health
.
5
Faculty of Pharmacy
.

Methods of teaching.

Different methods of teaching are used during the six years, each suited to the specific educational objective.

Lecture (L). Lectures for the total year group are used to explain basic concepts and for guidance through the literature. It is usual unidirectional teaching, although students may ask questions.

Clinical lecture (CL). Patients from the wards or from the outpatient clinic are brought in to tell their story to a total year group. Students are encouraged to ask the patients questions. The lecturer will also explain more about the disease of the patient.

Interactive lecture (IL). These lectures are given to half or one-third of the year group, and have a more informal character. There is more time and opportunity to ask questions, the students participate actively in the education.

Seminar (S). Each group consists of 24-36 students. Discussion about preliminary prepared topics is organized among students. Lecturer explains disputable and difficult things.

Small Group Training (SGT). Small Group Consists of twelve students and it is stable during academic year. The students usually asked to prepare questions, which will then be discussed. SGT stimulates the students to study the literature not only in preparation for exams, but during the period of the block, and helps to understand it.

Practicals (P). Practicals have obligatory attendance for all students, and are usually given to individual practical groups, consisting of twelve students. Practicals are used to learn specific skills and for attitude education.

The Grading System.

Pass/fail
Rating score by %
Letter grading
Grade grading
Pass
100-90
89-80
79-70
69-60
A
B
C
D
4
3
2
1
Fail
59-0
F
0

The credit system.

The course load is measured in credits, one credit being a total of 40 hours of lectures, tutorials, home study and exams. So 1 credit means a 1 week’s fulltime workload. Students have to perform 40 credits in academic year.

Requirements for graduation.

Applicants for the graduation and the degree of Doctor of Medicine and Doctor of Traditional Medicine must have satisfactory completed six full years of the required curriculum and earned a minimum 252 credits. For the Bachelor degree in Pharmacy, Dentistry and Public Health applicants must have completed satisfactory five years of the required curriculum and earned a minimum 200 credits. At the end of the sixth and fifth year, those students who have successfully passed final Exams and the requirements will be recommended to the President of the National Medical University for the Diploma of Graduation and related Degrees. The Diploma is awarded by the President of the University.

Examination for Medical Licensure

Students graduating from the NMUM without D grade in final examination are eligible to take License to practice medicine in Mongolia for 2 years.

Prizes and Awards

There are several prizes and awards for students relating to their academic performance achievement and research activity. Yonsei University, Hasabe and Mun Foundations’ Awards for Excellent Academic Performance are popular among students. These organizations promote and support mostly students from local area and vulnerable group.

Main Building of the NMUM

Housing

The residence hall for international students is located near the University main campus and hospital. The four story building has 70 double rooms. The dormitory accommodates

In dormitory

640 students and most of rooms are four-bed rooms. It takes 5-10 minutes by walk to University main campus and hospital from the dormitory and residence hall.

Curriculum in the NMUM

Since its establishment the National Medical University has been the one and only higher medical institution in Mongolia. There are 5 courses leading to M.D and bachelor degrees in Pharmacy, Dentistry and Public Health. The first two years dedicated to study premedical and medical subjects. In the next 3-4 years students study clinical and professional subjects in related fields.

I. Medical course

The Medical Curriculum has duration for six years, leading to the Medical Doctor degree. The objectives of current program are:

In the first year of the program dedicated for teaching of premedical and medical subjects such as biophysics, chemistry, computer, foreign language, biology, psychology, philosophy, economics, introduction to pharmacology and microbiology.

From the second to the fifth year program consists of:

Theme-integrated blocks (periods of seven weeks), covering all subjects dealing with both normal and pathobiological mechanisms and the concepts of the syndromes. In each block the basic and clinical sciences are combined.

Continuous clinical education (line program) in all years, parallel to the blocks, in which the knowledge acquired in the blocks is applied to clinical situations (individual patients or cases )

The last one and half year are spent on clinical training consisting of :

Examination.

Following four summative examinations include in the curriculum except formative assessments:

Students have to pass successfully all formative examinations (block and line program examinations) to receive permission for final examination in medicine.

Individual exams in the first four years consist of written exams, usually consisting of short answer questions and essay questions. Some are “open book” exams, which means that the student can bring any written material he wants to. The exam consists of essay questions , for which the student needs to have a thorough understanding concepts of the fields studied. There is limited time to look up facts in the material brought.

Examination for Clerkship Permission consists of approximately 20 short clinical cases. Students of younger years may participate and are given the opportunity to gain credits.

The clerkship ends in an objective structured clinical examination. The student has to take a patient’s history, perform a physical examination, write up the facts, make a diagnosis, and give an indication of the supplementary investigations needed and a plan for treatment. All items are discussed with the student after the exam.

For the electives there is an attendance and participation registration.

An Outline of the Study Program.

The first year .

The objective of the first year is to give the students foundation of knowledge, skills and attitudes for completing the rest of the course successfully. 50 % of week’s workload is

contact hours and 50 % is self study.

Students in laboratory with facilitator

No
Subjects
Credits
Hours
Lecture
Seminar
Practicals
1
Biophysics
4
90
30
.
60
2
Computer
2
60
.
.
60
3
Russain
3
96
.
.
96
4
English
4
128
.
.
128
5
Biology
5
106
50
.
56
6
Chemistry
3
90
30
.
60
7
Organic Chemistry
2
52
22
.
30
8
Psychology
4
72
40
32
.
9
Phylosophy
3
60
44
16
.
10
Theory of Economics
3
60
44
16
.
11
Medical Terminology
0,5
16
.
.
16
12
Introduction to Pharmacology
0,5
16
.
.
16
13
Microbiology
2
48
16
.
32
Total
36
894
276
64
554

The second, third, fourth years and first semester of fifth year.

At the end of the block program the student will have knowledge and skills, at application level, concerning:

These objectives are aimed at a functioning in clinical practice, including primary health care.

There are 21 blocks in block programming.

Block No
 Name Coordinating Department
Credits
1
 Healthy and Ill people
 Public Health
4
2
 From molecule to cell
 Morphology
7
3
 From cell to tissue
 Morphology
7
4
 Society and physician
 Public Health
4
5
 Organ systems
 Morphology
7
6
 Nursing
 Diagnostics
3
7
 Research methodology
 Public Health
3
8
 Bioregulation and metabolism
 Endocrinology
5
9
 Blood, oncology and gene expression
 Oncology and Hematology
5
10
 Infection and host defence
 Microbiology
6
11
 Heart and Circulation
 Cardiology
6
12
 Respiration
 Pulmonology
5
13
 Kidney
 Nephrology
4
14
 The Nervous System
 Neurology and Psychiatry
6
15
 Mental Health Care
 Neurology and Psychiatry
5
16
 Nutrition and Metabolism
 Gastroenterology
6
17
 Reproductive Health
 Obstetric and Gynaecology
6
18
 Life cycle and sexual functioning
 Pediatrics
4
19
 The Locomotor System
 Surgery
5
20
 Sensory system and the skin
 Dermatology
5
21
 Social and occupational medicine
 Public Health
4

Continuos clinical education (line program)

In parallel of block program students have to attend clinical problem solving training. The objective of the clinical problem solving is to apply knowledge acquired during block program to clinical problem and to acquire psychomotor skills. Following Departments are participate clinical problem solving:

The clerkships.

At the end of the clerkships the student is able to independently apply the theoretical knowledge and skills acquired in the pre-clerkship period to patients problems in medical practice.

The sequential order within the series is not fixed, with some exceptions:

During the clerkships, the student will work full time, under supervision of physician, in the hospital or some other medical setting. In most clerkships formal teaching is aimed at teaching the student how to apply the knowledge gained during the first four and half years to clinical problem. A hospital clerkship always consists of working in the ward and working in the outpatient clinic. In the ward, students do the intake of new patients (history, physical examination, registration, diagnosis, treatment, indication), perform venipunctures, participate in the daily medical care and treatment of the patients and attend the consultations with their supervisor.

The special objectives of the elective clerkships is further introduction and orientation regarding a general or subspecialty field of study, with maximal utilization of skills acquired during earlier clerkships.

Gross anatomy is taught by experienced morphologists

ACADEMIC STAFF and SUBJECTS

Department of Morphology

Gross Anatomy, Embriology and Microscopic Anatomy. Gross Anatomy and Embriology provide a broad understanding of the structural organization of the human body at the macroscopic level to provide a foundation for physical examination and functional assessment of the human organism. Embriology and general anatomical concepts are presented in lecture format, but most learning takes place in the dissecting laboratory, which students prepare and work through. Anatomy of the separate organ, systems are taught in related blocks from the second to the fifth year in Faculty of Medicine.

Department of Medical Physics and Informatics

Medical physics, Computer. Course of Biophysics introduces physical basis of diagnostic and treatment methods using in clinical practice and biological process going in bioorganisms, movement and moving forces. During the Computer course students become familiar with basic understanding of programming and statistical programs used for research and health service.

Department of Gastroenterology

Gastroenterology. Course on Gastroenterology provides students in sights into the princeples and practice of the management of certain disease of digestive system.

Department of Endocrinology and Haemotology

Endocrinology, Hematology. Normal, gross and microscopic anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system presented in the course of endocrinology. Illustrations examining the clinical relevance of homeostasis, feedback, and other controlling mechanisms. The endocrine integration of metabolism and clinically important endocrine pathophysiology are taught in this department. Course of Hematology familiarizes students with the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to disturbances of red cell, white cell and platelet production as well as abnormalities of hemostasis presenting clinical problems.

Department of Pulmonology

Pulmonology. Course on Pulmonology covers respiratory system, including anatomy of thorax and lungs, ventilation mechanics, blood gas transport, gas exchange, acid-base balance and the physiology and pathology of obstructive, restrictive and pulmonary-vascular diseases.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Obstetrics, Gynecology. Courses in Department of Obstetric and Gynecology provides information concerning fertilization, menstruation, implantation, physiology and endocrinology of placenta, intrauterine development and nutritional requirements of growing fetus, normal pregnancy, infertility problems and family planning techniques. Also provide an information to the comprehensive medical care and counseling services for adult and adolescent female patients. Students are actively involved in both inpatient and outpatient settings with management and delivery of obstetric patients as well as diagnosis and management of gynecologic conditions and diseases.

Department of Neurology and Psychiatry

Neurology, Psychiatry. Neurology course provides the normal structure and function of the nervous system. Neuropathological examples are presented as well as clinical manifestations of neurological disease. In course on Psychiatry major psychiatric disorders are defined and described and a systemic approach to differential diagnosis is presented.

Department of Pharmacology

Pharmacology. Pharmacology course includes general principles of pharmacology and the specific pharmacology of major drugs acting on the autonomic and cardiovascular systems. Pharmacology instructions in blocks include material includes related to and coordinated with the following organ systems: musculoskeletal, endocrine, reproductive, renal, cardiovascular, hematologic, respiratory and gastrointestinal. In addition clinical pharmacology is taught during clerkships.

Department of Chemistry

General Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry. Biochemistry provides an introduction to protein structure, enzymes, nucleic acids, cell biology, genetics, carbohydrate, nitrogen and lipid metabolism.

Department of Pathological Physiology

Pathological physiology. Pathological physiology introduces basic understanding of disease, their etiology, pathogenesis and changes in function of organism and system.

Department of Infectious Diseases

Infectious disease. Course of Infectious disease provides information on common communicable diseases, its cause, pathogenesis, clinical feature, diagnostics, treatment and prevention in Mongolia. During the clerkship students

Department of Microbiology and Immunology

Microbiology. Microbiology course provides information on fundamental principles and techniques of medical bacteriology, mycology, virology and rickettsiology with special emphasis on the basic biological characteristics of pathogenic organisms, the basic host reaction to infectious and other antigenic materials.

Immunology. During immunology course the basic concepts of immunology such as antigens, antibodies, complement, B- and T-lymphocyte function, including interactions with each other and with accessory cells, immunological tolerance, major histocompatibility complex and role of these basic concepts in immunopathology ( immunodefficiencies, hypersensitivities, autoimmunity, blood transfusion and transplantation)

Department of Physiology

Physiology. Addresses general physiologic principles and physiology of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, nervous, renal, endocrine and gastrointestinal systems.

Department of Biology and Genetics

Biology, Molecular biology, Genetics. The primary aim of the Genetic course is to review basic genetic principles in the context of their applications in clinical medicine, Topics include human chromosomal disorders, pathogenesis of hereditary disease, patterns of inheritance, genetic counseling, amniocentesis and prevention and treatment of genetic diseases including prenatal diagnosis and population screening. Biology course gives information on structure and function of living organisms, their reproduction, evolution, interaction between environment and living organisms. Molecular biology course introduces structure of macro molecules composes cell, metabolism in cells and interaction between molecules.

Department of Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology. Course provides information on structure and function of eyes, disorders of eyes and prevention from it. During the clerkship students participate in the care of patients under the supervision residents, ward doctors and lecturers.

Department of Pediatrics

Pediatrics. Course provides information on child growth and development, common diseases among children in Mongolia and prevention. Clerkship provides a general introduction to inpatient and outpatient pediatrics. The aim is to expose students to environments in settings where children receive medical and health service.

Department of Family Medicine

Family Medicine. This clerkship stresses ambulatory primary care with emphasis on common problems, biopsychosocial issues, preventive care, and introduction to the role of the primary care physician. Student functions as a clerk in a community or residency site and participates in the care of patients using office, hospital, home, or community resources.

Department of Foreign Language

Department of Dermatology

Dermatology. This course provides information on gross and microscopic anatomy, physiology, protection, temperature control, pigmentation and photosensitivity, pathology and genetics of skin abnormalities. Introduction to clinical evaluation, including physical examination and illustrating examples of inflammatory, vascular, immunological and neoplastic diseases.

First Department of Surgery

Second Department of Surgery

Surgery. The objective of this course is to introduce the students to the diagnosis and management of problems amenable to surgical therapy. Active participation in the care of inpatients and outpatients, including participation in the operating rooms, will provide practical experience in the application of these skills

Department of Diagnostics

Department of Cardiology

Cardiology. An interdisciplinary approach to cardiovascular medicine, including anatomy, physiology, radiology, pathology, medicine and surgery. Central theme of this course is the function of the cardiovascular system in health and disease.

Department of Pathology

Pathological anatomy, Course of Pathologic Anatomy provides information on macro and microstructural changes in organs in case of diseases, their pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, complications, cause of death.

Forensic Medicine. During the course of Forensic Medicine students become familiar with method of determination the level of trauma, cause of death due to external factors, laws relating to health service and professional mistakes and methods of preventing.

Department of Nephrology

Nephrology. The course of Nephrology provides information on anatomy, physiology and pathology of the kidney, ureter, bladder and prostate; pathophysiology and treatment of common fluid and electrolyte problems; renal pharmacology; major clinical urinary system syndromes with current diagnostic approaches and therapy.

Department of ENT

Diseases of ENT. ENT course covers gross anatomy, including skull, pharynx and larynx, audition and balance, physiology and clinical evaluation, maxillofacial disorders, diseases of nasal passages, naso, and oropharynx, accessory sinuses, physical examination.

Department of Medical Education

II. Course of Mongolian Traditional Medicine.

The Curriculum of Mongolian Traditional Medicine has duration for six years, leading to the Medical Doctor degree. The objectives of current program:

The first three years of the program dedicated for teaching of general and basic medical subjects as a same as medical course and includes Tibetan language, basics of oriental medicine, botany, introduction to internal medicine, nursing and immunology.

From the fourth year students practice in Hospital of Traditional Medicine under supervision. All clinical subjects of Traditional Medicine are thought in this Hospital.

In library of Traditional Medicine

No
Subjects
Credit
Lecture (hrs)
Practicals (hrs)
1
Internal medicine (oriental)
22
186
332
2
Traditional healing
6
48
96
3
Acupuncture and Moxibition
8
64
136
4
Hot disease
2
20
36
5
Row materials for Mongolian drugs and Prescription
13
108
212
6
Iog and Rehabilitation
3
30
48
7
Emergency
3
30
48
8
Pediatrics
8
66
112
9
Family Medicine practice
4
16
96
10
Obstetric and Gynaecology
9
64
160
11
Surgery
9
64
160

The main difference between our program and other program of Traditional Medicine Colleges in Mongolia is that Western Medicine is thought besides Traditional Medicine. Therefore our graduates from the Faculty of Mongolian Traditional Medicine has some advantages in treatment of patients.

Central Medical Library serves for all health workers nationwide

Examination

Following two summative examinations include in the curriculum except formative assessments:

Students have to pass successfully all formative examinations to receive permission for final examination in Mongolian Traditional Medicine. Individual exams consist of written exams, usually consisting of multiple choice, short answer and essay questions. The exam consists of essay questions , for which the student needs to have a thorough understanding concepts of the fields studied. Some are clinical skills assessments.

Final examination consists of two parts, knowledge (multiple choice questions), skills and attitude (OSCE) assessment.

The grading and credit systems are same as a medical course.

ACADEMIC STAFF

Department of Internal Medicine (traditional)

Department of Theory (Traditional Medicine)

Department of Traditional Healing

III. Pharmaceutical course.

The Pharmaceutical Curriculum has duration for five years, leading to the Bachelor degree in Pharmacy or Pharmacists. The objectives of current program:

Totally 189 credits required for the Bachelor degree in Pharmacy, in which 57 credits on basic sciences, 66 credits on basic professional and 66 credits on professional sciences. Fundamental pharmaceutical as well as a basic science is taught to classes from the first to the third year students.

No
Subjects
Credits
Laboratory (hrs)
Lecture (hrs)
1
Russian Language
3
96
.
2
Biophysics
4
60
30
3
General chemestry
7
116
60
4
General biology
3
32
32
5
Organic chemestry
8
116
66
6
English
3
96
.
7
Biochemestry
4
72
36
8
Path.biochemestry
2
36
20
9
General psychology
3
32
40
10
Computer
2
60
.
11
Social sciences
3
16
44
12
Theory of economics
3
16
44
13
Basic of Management
3
20
40
14
Latin Language
1
44
.
15
Mathematics & Programming
3
30
30
16
Physical culture
1
60
.
17
Tibetan language
4
136
.
18
Morphology
5
78
40
19
Physiology
5
64
56
20
Pharmaceutical Botany
6
72
56
21
Recourse of Medical Plants
3
32
28
22
Analytical chemistry
8
128
66
23
Pharmacology
7
116
58
24
General hygiene
2
32
20
25
Physical chemistry
2
56
28
26
Raw materials for the traditional drugs
4
60
30
27
Clinical pharmacology
4
68
34
28
Internal medicine
5
84
40

Courses related to professional subjects offer to fourth and final year students.

No
Subjects
Credits
Lecture (hrs)
Laboratory (hrs)
1 Pharmaceutical Technology
8
66
132
2 Pharmaceutical Chemistry
12
96
192
3 Industrial Pharmaceutical Technology
6
50
100
4 Technology of Galenics
5
36
90
5 Pharmacy management and statistics
8
72
144
6 Pharmacy marketing and economics
4
36
72
7 Pharmatechnology of Traditional Medicine
4
30
60
8 Pharmaceutical Analysis of Drugs
5
36
90
9 Biopharmacy and pharmacokinetics
4
36
72
10 Toxicological chemistry
4
30
60
11 Clinical Pharmacy
2
16
32
12 Study of pharmaceutical devices
4
30
60

Examination

There is only one summative examination included in the curriculum except formative assessments, Final examination in Pharmacy after fifth year.

Students have to pass successfully all formative examinations to receive permission for final examination in Pharmacy. Individual exams consist of written exams, usually consisting of multiple choice, short answer and essay questions. The exam consists of essay questions, for which the student needs to have a thorough understanding concepts of the fields studied. Some are clinical skills assessments.

Final examination consists of two parts, knowledge (multiple choice questions), skills and attitude assessment.

ACADEMIC STAFF and SUBJECTS

Faculty members regularly discuss training curriculum

Organization and management of pharmaceutical field This course has evolved to continually meet the graduate training needs of hospital and institutional pharmacists and is designed to offer students an opportunity to develop skills necessary to successfully manage, supervise and improve pharmaceutical services in hospitals and integrated health care settings. Given the significant changes in the delivery of health care and the organization of pharmaceutical services, the curriculum was changed in this year. Students are introduced to formal theory and practical experience which is necessary for decision making and problem solving in integrated health care systems. Students are familiarized with applied research methods of drug use and supply, principles of national drug policy, performance improvement and clinical service management.

Management. This subject is concerned with the knowledge and skills required for managing organizations, information, and people. It describes basic management functions, the characteristics of a successful manager and aspects of planning, implementation, and monitoring.

Drug marketing. This course is an introduction to marketing management, with emphasize on the pharmaceutical environment. Topics covered include understanding marketing management, analyzing market structure and behavior, researching and selecting marketing opportunities, developing marketing strategies, planning marketing tactics, implementing and controlling the marketing effort.

Health economics for pharmacists. Topics included are fundamentals of economics related to the health care system. Special characteristics of demand and supply in health care, health expenditures, health finance and pharmacy economic analyses for drug use evaluation.

Manufacturing technology of galenical products. The course covers the selection of raw materials, production development and manufacturing processes from natural products especially from medicinal plants and diffusion process, extraction and extractives pharmaceutical necessities. In process control and finished product control are described. Evaluation of efficacy and stability of the products are also emphasized.

Biopharmaceutics. The course consists of the study of absorption, distribution,

metabolism and excretion of drug in man, the study of the factors influencing the bioavailability of drugs in man and then utilization of these studies to optimize pharmacological or therapeutic activity of drug products in clinical application.

Clinical pharmacy. Principle of drug dispensing and counseling, patient interviewing and information taking, patient referring, prescription analysis, pharmaceutical care and patient education for personal hygiene and self medication in common diseases.

Pharmaceutical technology. This course is designed to acquaint the students with various pharmaceutical dosage forms. It is a study of the physicochemical principles as they apply to the pharmaceutical science and their uses in the formulation and evaluation of dosage forms. The students should be able to rationalize each prescription ingredient and state the role it plays as well as being able to recognize physical, chemical and simple pharmacological in compatibility that may occur.

Industrial pharmaceutical technology. Good manufacturing practices of the production of solid dosage forms, tablets and of sterile dosage forms are emphasized. Both theory and practice of product development of fast release and controlled release dosage forms are stressed. Modern techniques, fluidization, pelletization, spray drying and osmotic pumps are introduced. Formulation of both small volume and large volume parentials as well as freeze-drying technique are discussed and practiced.

Pharmacognosy. Pharmacognosy is concerned with the study of drugs of natural namely, those derived from plants, animals and minerals. Classification is based on the human’s system affected by the active consistent. The course covers the history, distribution, biosynthesis, chemical and commercial sources of these drugs. In addition, the course also includes theoretical aspects of the evaluation of plant drugs as well as the extraction, isolation and identification of active compounds.

Pharmaceutical botany. The course consists of topics on principles in utilization of medical plants. The study includes Mongolian names, English names, botanical names; morphological and anatomical description of both fresh and dried medicinal plants, vital forms, species and genera of the flora, active constituents, doses, indications and reports on chemical, pharmacological studies.

Botanical resource research. Botanical resource research is one of the field of the pharmacognosy. Botanical resource research consists geographic and distribution of medicinal plants, resources, studies of plant distribution in Mongolia, methods of definition botanical resource research.

Detoxification of traditional medicine. The main goals of this subject intend to follow aspects:

Traditional medicine and methodology of drug making system of traditional medicine. The main goals of this subject intend to follow aspects:

Tibetan language. Possess language of science by the lesson of Tibetan language study

traditional medical basic is the book of 4 root of medicine taste, power, force, erudation, human's organism, sickness, method treat at a sickness, foods use to patients. The lesson is basic of technical Mongolian traditional medicine row material and this lesson has plan of medical university one of the lesson general knowledge of pharmacy.

Medicinal chemistry. The main goals of this subject intend to follow aspects:

Drug control. The scope of this course covers pharmacopoeia specifications for quality control of raw materials, in process materials, finished products and packaging. In addition, the course emphasizes on qualitative and quantitative analytical methods using spectrophotometry and the stability study of raw materials and pharmaceutical products. The course covers analytical methods for drugs in multicomponent samples e.g. simultaneous equation method, absorption ratio method, derivative spectrophotometric method, etc. and colorimetry. It also includes the development and validation of instruments.

Toxicological chemistry. This course is designed to afford the student with some understanding of the issues relating to the safely of drugs and chemicals.

The main goals of this subject intend to follow aspects:

Medical devices. The main goals of this subject are:

IV. Course of Public Health

The Public Health Curriculum has duration for five years. The objectives of current program are:

The first year of the program dedicated for teaching of general subjects such as biophysics, chemistry, computer, foreign language, computer, sociology, laboratory, biology, psychology, philosophy and economics. From the second year basic professional and professional subjects are thought.

II year
III year
IV year
V year

Morphology Microbiology Biochemestry Hygiene Physiology Mathematics Sport Medicine Radiation
Phatophysiology Pathanatomy Surgery Sanitary Microbiology Therapeutic Immunology Biostatistics Parasitology

Epidemiology Obstetric and Gyneacology Infectious Disease Hosp.administration Biostatistics Dermatology

Occupational health
Epidemiology Child and adolescent health Marketing International standarts Hygiene of STD Health management Medical geography Occupational health Environmental health

Course credits and hours.

Subjects
Credits
Lecture hours
Practice hours
Food hygiene and safety
6
60
100
Environmental Health
7
64
116
Occupational Health
6
60
112
Child and adolescence health
4
54
152
Toxicology
3
30
60
Medical Geography
3
24
48
Health marketing
1
12
40
International health standards
1
16
40
Radiation hygiene
1
16
56
Hygienic control
1
28
56
Preventive hygienic control
3
28
112
Health management
2
16
96
Occupational Medicine
4
36
64
General hygiene
1
28
12
Epidemiology
3
30
60
Parasitology
2
24
36

Examination

There is only one summative examination included in the curriculum except formative assessments, Final examination in Public Health after fifth year

Students have to pass successfully all formative examinations to receive permission for final examination in Public Health. Individual exams consist of written exams, usually consisting of multiple choice, short answer and essay questions. The exam consists of essay questions, for which the student needs to have thorough understanding concepts of the fields studied

Final examination consists of two parts, knowledge (multiple choice questions), skills and attitude assessment.

Students from Public Health School in practice

ACADEMIC STAFF

Department of Preventive Medicine

Department of Epidemiology

Department of Health Economics

V. Course of Dentistry

The Dentistry Curriculum has duration for five years, leading to the Bachelor degree in Dentistry. The objectives of current program are:

In the first year of the program dedicated for teaching of general and basic medical subjects such as biophysics, chemistry, computer, foreign language, biology, psychology, philosophy, economics, introduction to pharmacology and microbiology.

In the next four years professional basic and professional subjects in four professional departments such as department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Prosthodontic and Orthodontic department, department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry.

Professional subjects
Credits
1
Dental morphology
1
2
Non cariogenic lesions
1
3
Cariology
1
4
Endodontics
4
5
Periodontics
2
6
Oral mucosal diseases
2
7
Phantom course
5
8
Clinical practice
2
9
Dental materials
2
10
Prosthodontics
14
11
Oral and Maxillofacial surgery
12
12
Pediatric dentistry
6
13
Preventive dentistry
2

Examination

There is only one summative examination included in the curriculum except formative assessments, Final examination in Dentistry after fifth year

Students have to pass successfully all formative examinations to receive permission for final examination in Dentistry. Individual exams consist of written exams, usually consisting of multiple choice, short answer and essay questions. There are oral exams and clinical skill exams.

Final examination consists of two parts, knowledge (multiple choice questions), skills and attitude assessment.

Dr. B.Oyunbat with students during practice.

ACADEMIC STAFF and SUBJECTS

Department of Operative dentistry

Dental Anatomy: Morphology,function and arrangement of the teeth and related structures.Laboratory projects will include drawing and carving teeth to scale,restoring tooth form in wax to normal relation with adjacent and opposing teeth.

Dental Materials: The aim of the course is to present the basic chemikal and physical properities of dental materials to the beginner,and is intended to bridge the gap between the knowledge obtained in the basic courses and dental clinics.

Oral Histology and Embryology :The purpose of this course is to provide the students with comprehensive knowledge of microstructure and structural findings in the developmental stages of teeth and related oral structures.

Operative Dentistry:The principles of cavity preparation,are included.Also the restorative procedures with amalgam,composite resin fillings explained and demonstrated.

Periodontics: Lecture outline of periodontics ,fundamental knowledge of periodontal tissue,normal saliva,and the relationship between the etiology of periodontal disease,such as the formation and structure of dental plaque and the calculus,symptoms of periodontal disease, systemic disease.

Oral Medicine:Systemic diseases associated with oral lesion are discussed.Comprehensive diagnosis of oral and systemic conditions facilitates logical and effective treatment planning.Meaningful correlation between systemic disease and local conditions of the oral region can be developed.

Department of Prosthodontics and Orthodontics.

Dental Anatomy. Morphology, function and arrangement of the teeth.Laboratory projects will include drawing and carving teeth to scale, restoring tooth form in wax to normal relation, with adjacent and opposing teeth.

Dental materials.The composition as well as physical, mechanical and chemical properties and characteristics of all materials used in Prosthodontics are taught, and the effects of technical procedures and manipulation on the dental materials are studied in laboratory.

Oral diagnosis. This course covers the fundamental knowledge of clinical diagnosis and develops ability for differential diagnosis through various diagnosis aids. The ideal treatment plan and the making of prognosis are covered.

Crown and bridge.This course provides the basic principles of fixed prosthodontics and includes history and introduction, fundamentals of biomechanics, components and function of bridge.

Partial Denture. This course provides the basic principles of removable paetial prosthodontics. It includes introduction, principles and functions of typical components, principles of design of removable partial dentures, diagnosis, treatment, planning, and principles of denture construction.

Full Denture. Begins with basic principle and technology of complete denture, then goes to anatomy of underlying tissue, methods of establishing the vertical and horizontal relationship of jaws, selection of artifical teeth and functional tooth arrangement.

Orthodontics. Biomechanics of tooth movement in theory and practice. Diagnosis and treatment planning for malocclusion with the aid of model and cephalogram of patient with malocclusion, fabrication of removable and fixed orthodontic appliances, observation of practice in application to patients.

Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry

Pediatric Dentistry gives an information on dental anatomy, histology, physiology & caries and their heavy, periodontal and oral mucosal disease, trauma, teeth infection, orthodontics etiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis, different diagnosis and their medical treatments.

Child Operative Dentistry studies dental anatomy, histology, physiology and caries, hyphoplazy, fluorozis , periodontal and oral mucosal disease their etiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis, different diagnosis and their medical treatments for children.

Child maxillo-facial and oral surgery covers the trauma, teeth infection, teeth extraction, TMJ- disease, parotids disease cleft lip, palate their etiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis, different diagnosis and their medical treatments for children & plastic surgery.

Preventive Dentistry provides students information on the first and second prevention of the oral disease and illnesses on the maxilla-facial area.

Department of Maxilla-Facial Surgery

Anaesthesia and tooth extraction course covers a procedure of the use of anaestetic solution during surgery and extraction of dental crown and root.

Odontogenic inflammatory diseases. This course gives an information on inflammation of periostium and jaw'’ osteomyelitic necrosis, diseases of maxillary sinus with dental origin, infection of soft tissue of the maxillofacial region of dental origin, lymphadenitis

Maxillofacial injures and fractures. The course provides information on diagnostics and treatment of maxilla, mandible and zygomatic bone fracturessoft tussue erosion.

Postgraduate Medical Education at the National Medical University of Mongolia

National Medical University of Mongolia – the main clinical teaching centre with wide range of Graduate Medical Education Programs comprises more than 30 accredited Specialty and Subspecialty Programs , Science Degree Programs and Programs on Continuing Education in the Health Professions. All Programs are provided by the Division of Science and Specialty training and departments .

Philosophy

The faculty believe that education is lifelong process involving the acquisition and exchange of knowledge and skills with different objectives for each level of education.

Postgraduate Medical Specialty and Subspecialty Residency Programs focuse on integrating effective cognitive and psychomotor skills essential to preventing, assessing, diagnosing, treating, and evaluating situations specific to each specialty and subspecialty. Students are educated to participate with others in providing health care services to people in a variety of settings.

Master's level education prepares specialists for advanced roles. The master's program is aimed at expanding knowledge and clinical competence and assists in developing leadership skills essential to analyzing and resolving complex health and management problems.

The doctoral programs prepare scholars to contribute to the discipline by advancing research, theory, education, and scientifically-based practice.

Continuing education through both didactic and clinical instruction is part of the faculty's commitment to lifelong learning and to providing quality health care.

The faculty are committed to the development, implementation, and evaluation of health care innovations. Continuos assessment of trends in knowledge, ethical and legal issues, health care needs, and technologies guides the development of specialized educational, research, and service programs.

Accreditation

The Division of Science and Specialty training of National Medical University is accredited by the Mongolian Government Accreditation Agency of education, culture, and science.

Admission requirements

Medical worker wishing to major in medicine have to apply to Division of Science and Specialty training of National Medical University .

There are general requirements for all applicants:

1. Must have Bachelors Degree in medicine.

2. Must be licensed by Mongolian Licensing and Accreditation. Agency prior to beginning a Postgraduate training program.

3. Must have passed physical examination.


International Applicants in addition to general admission requirements
- Must have finished the required Mongolian language course in an accredited college ( for foreign students )

Registration and tuition.

All students are required to register and pay tuition fees during the regular registration period before beginning of each academic year. The tuition fee is 200 US Dollars per

In Computer Room

month and 2000 US Dollars per year for residents and fellows, and 3.000 US Dollars per year for students on Masters and PhD degree Programs.

Graduate education credit system.

The course load is measured in credits, one credit being a total of 10 hours of lectures,20 hours of tutorials, home study and exams. So 1 credit means a 1 week’s fulltime workload.

Resident Training Programs

The residency training programs are fully accredited 1-2 year training programs. The curriculum is comprised of clinical rotations, didactic conferences, continuity clinic education, and research training. The core lecture series that are part of the didactic conferences and includes almost 12 credit hour lectures on the various topics of medicine and 4-6 credit hour lectures on chosen specialty . In addition, we are in the process of renovating the entire physical plant of departments including the creation of a new, state of the art learning center composed of computers for computer-enhanced learning, and internet searches.

We seek residents of high moral and ethical standards who possess independent initiative, enthusiasm, creativity, and scholarly talents. The goal of the residency training program is to produce physicians who have a solid knowledge base and excellent clinical skills to be leaders in our field, regardless of the type of practice they pursue. Each year we have a department wide faculty retreat to discuss the future directions of our training program and to make all the necessary changes to accomplish our goals. We are constantly searching for ways to improve, and we consider the resident input paramount in this process.

List of specialties and subspecialties offered:

  Specialisties Subspecialties
1 Anestesiology and emergency care Neonatalogy
2 Family medicine Gastroenterology
3 Pediatrics Cardiology
4 Internal Medicine Cardiosurgery
5 General Surgery Pulmonology
6 OBG Nephrology
7 Neurology Hematology
8 Dermatology and cosmetology Traumatology
9 Mongolian Traditional Medicine Neurosurgery
10 Acupuncture and moxibustion Urology
11 Psychiatrics Endocrinology
12 Reabilitation Prostodontics
13 Ophthalmology Pediatric Dentistry
14 Oral surgery
15 Imagine diagnostics
16 Pathology and Forensic Medicine
17 Clinical Pathology
18 Communicable Disease
19 Venerology
20 Dietology
21 Physiology

MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.Sc.) DEGREE

The Master of Science degree prepares advanced clinicians, teachers, and administrators for practice and academic work environments. The curriculum provides the student with multidimentional, in-deth knowledge and advanced practice skills in a selected area, with specific emphasis on the process of critical thinking and clinical investigation. The M.S. degree is offered in all specialty areas of medicine.

Curriculum

The M.S. Curriculum includes 30 credit hour required core courses, specialty area courses, and a thesis or masters project. Total M.Sc. credit hours is dependent upon the masters specialty chosen. Two years of graduate study approved by the student’s supervisory committee are required to complete the M.Sc. curriculum.

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D.) DEGREE

The Ph.D. degree program prepares specialists to become researchers, scholars, and teachers who make significant contribution to the theory, research, and scientific-practice base of their profession. The goal is to prepare researchers in a defined area of medical inquiry. Our criteria of admission is the match of an applicant’s research interest to faculty expertise in designated areas.Three to four years of graduate study approved by the student’s supervisory committee are required to complete the Ph.D. curriculum.

Curriculum

The curriculum builds on the student’s master’s degree specialization or equivalent and provides a foundation in theory development, research, and issues. Specialization in a research area is achieved through and individualized program of study developed with a faculty adviser. This program incorporates the theory and methods of the selected research area and includes study of related subjects that prepare students for independent research. The required qualifying examination is usually taken after the candidate has completed all or most core work. The curriculum includes 60 credit hour specialty core courses, theory and research concentration courses and a dissertation.


CONTINUING EDUCATION

National Medical University of Mongolia provides continuing education programs (courses, workshops, and conferences) to physicians, professional nurses and health care providers throughout the state, region, and nation. Programming is planned to offer the most current knowledge and updates on topics of interest in health care education. The Division of Science and Specialty training is an approved provider of continuing contact hours enables medical workers to maintain professional competencies, acquire new roles and functions, obtain knowledge and skills, capture trends and new directions in health care.

THE NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF MONGOLIA

Department of Medical Education

P.O. 48, Box 111
Choidog St. 3,
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Telephone: 976-1-323052
Fax: 976-1-321249
E-mail: taltaa@yahoo.com

September 2002

Dear Student:

This Student Handbook was created to provide you with a source of general information on issues relevant to your medical, dental, public health and pharmaceutical education program. It includes information on a wide variety of topics, which are intended to give you a framework on which to build throughout your tenure in medical university.

Please keep this Handbook as a reference to which you can refer as needed. Updates to this Handbook will be made on the Medical University Web Page. As you move through your program and have questions about what is expected of you, please feel free to make an appointment to discuss any questions you may have.

Sincerely yours,

T. Altantsetseg, M.D, Ph.D.

Head, Department of Medical Education