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| During the 19th century
European involvement in Morocco continued. After conquering Algiers in 1830 the French
turned their attention westward. In 1884, Spain claimed a protectorate along Morocco's southern coastal zone. In 1912 most of the area became a French protectorate. After World War II, Sultan Muhammad V became the symbol of the growing nationalist movement when the French exiled him. He was reinstated as king after independence in 1956. |
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The Kingdom of Morocco is located in northwestern Africa. Bounded by water on two sides, it fronts the Atlantic Ocean for 1,465 km (910 mi) on the west and the Mediterranean Sea for 370 km (230 mi) on the north. The 13-km-wide (8-mi) Strait of Gibraltar connecting the Atlantic and the Mediterranean separates Morocco from Europe to the north. Morocco's eastern and southern neighbor is Algeria. In the far southwest, Morocco adjoins Western Sahara, a former Spanish possession that Morocco annexed in 1979. |
