Exam 2 Practice

 

Part I.  Multiple Choice

_____ 1.  How many human inhabit the earth today?

                        A.  3.6 billion

                        B.  3.6 million

                        C.  6.0 billion

                        D.  9.0 billion

_____ 2.  The greatest environmental problem facing the world today is

                        A.  Pollution

                        B.  The greenhouse effect

                        C.  Depletion of natural resources

                        D.  Increasing human population

_____ 3.  The movement of individuals out of a population is

                        A.  Emigration

                        B.  Immigration

                        C.  Zero population growth

                        D. migration

_____ 4.  Which is TRUE of human population growth?

                        A.  It is growing arithmetically

                        B.  It doubles each year

                        C.  It exhibits exponential growth

                        D.  None of the above are correct

_____ 5.  Disease and predation are examples of density dependent factors.

                        A.  True

                        B.  False

_____ 6.  What is the replacement fertility rate in developed countries?

                        A.  1.7

                        B.  2.1

                        C.  3.0

                        D.  5.2

_____ 7.  The following picture represents the age structure diagram for     

                        A.  A developed country

                        B.  A developing country

                        C.  Zero population growth

D.     The United States

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

_____ 8.  Which of the following is NOT a reason for high fertility  rates?

                        A.  Economic and societal roles of children

                        B.  Cultural and religious traditions

                        C.  Educating woman

                        D.  Religious pressures

_____ 9. Which of the following affects total fertility rates for the human population?

                        A.  Marriage age

                        B.  Cultural and religious traditions

                        C.  Availability of birth control  

                        D.  All of the above

_____ 10.  Woman with more education

                        A.  Experience a higher infant mortality rate

                        B.  Marry earlier

                        C.  Have children later

                        D.  Have more children

_____ 11.   High fertility rates are generally encouraged in developing countries because:

                        A.  Children contribute to family livelihood

                        B.  Children care for aging parents

                        C.  Male children are most desirable, so families  continue to have children until a  male is born

                        D.  All of these are true

_____ 12.  The country with the largest population in the world is

                        A.  China

                        B.  Japan

                        C.  Kenya

                        D.  Russia

_____ 13.  Which of the following does NOT apply to developed nations?

                        A.  Consume most of the world’s natural resources

                        B.  Eat the most meat

                        C.  Make up 80% of the world’s population

                        D.  Consume more than half of the world’s energy

_____ 14.  Which U.S. state has the highest population?

                        A.  California

                        B.  New York

                        C.  Florida

                        D.  Texas

_____ 15.  When populations are large they generally feed at

                        A.  Higher trophic levels

                        B.  Lower trophic levels

                        C.  Detrital trophic levels

                        D.  Carnivorous trophic levels

_____ 16.  Increased infant mortality generally reflects

                        A.  Insufficient food

                        B.  Poor nutrition

                        C.  High incidence of infectious disease

                        D.  All of these

_____ 17.  Low infant mortality leads to decreased fertility rates.

                        A.  True

                        B.  False

_____ 18.  The _______ of a specific area is the number of individuals of a species that can survive in that area over time.

                        A.  Carrying capacity

                        B.  Stable equilibrium

                        C.  Biotic potential

                        D.  Niche

_____ 19.  The _______ is typically a small organism which has a short life span, produces large numbers of offspring, and exhibits little to no parental care.

                        A.  R-strategist

                        B.  K-strategist

_____ 20.  The (3) stages of population growth are ______, _______, and _____ respectively.

                        A.  Pre-industrial, industrial, post-industrial

                        B.  Exponential growth, lag, stable equilibrium

                        C.  Pre-industrial, transition, post-industrial

                        D.  Lag, exponential growth, stable equilibrium stage

_____ 21.  In the United States, by the time people reach their mid-twenties, a lower death rate for males has equalized the sex ratio.

                        A.  True

                        B.  False

_____ 22.  Each species has an inherent reproductive capacity called ________ which is the ability to produce offspring (if no limits were imposed).

                        A.  Carrying capacity

                        B.  Biotic potential

                        C.  Survival of the fittest

                        D.  Neither of these

_____ 23  The number of individuals of each age in the population is called ________.

                        A.  Age grade distribution

                        B.  Age distribution

                        C.  Sex ratio

                        D.  Age sets

_____ 24  In humans, about 106 males are born for every 100 females.

                        A.  True

                        B.  False

_____ 25 _______ are usually large organisms that have relatively long lives, produce few offspring and exhibit extended care of their young.

                        A.  R-strategists

                        B.  K-strategists

Use the following choices to answer questions 26-29

                        A.  Mortality

                        B.  Natality

                        C.  Immigration

                        D.  Emigration

_____ 26.  refers to the number of individuals added to a population through reproduction.

_____ 27. Refers to the number of individuals removed from a population because of death

_____ 28. Refers to movement of individuals out of a population and into another

_____ 29.  Refers to individuals moving from one population into another

_____ 30.  In nature, individuals of a species most commonly exhibit

                        A.  Clumped distribution

                        B.  Random distribution

                        C.  Uniform distribution

                        D.  None of these

_____ 31.  Desert plants, competing for water secrete toxins.  This shows a

                        A.  Clumped distribution

                        B.  Random distribution

                        C.  Uniform distribution

                        D.  Neither of these

_____ 32.  With ______ the growth rate decreases as the population becomes larger.

                        A.  Logistic growth

                        B.  Exponential growth

                        C.  Zero growth

                        D.  Infinite growth

_____ 33.  Which of the following is a density-dependent factor?

                        A.  Flood

                        B.  Food availability

                        C.  Avalanche

                        D.  Forest fire

_____ 34.  Carrying capacity is a fixed quantity that can be calculated for each species on Earth.

                        A.  True

                        B.  False

_____ 35.  The Irish Potato Famine of the 1800's is an example of a

                        A.  Density dependent factor of population control

                        B.  Density independent factor of population control

_____ 36.   The Bubonic Plague which swept Europe in the 14th century is an example of

                        A.  Density dependent factor of population control

                        B.  Density independent factor of population control

_____ 37.  __________ results when the individuals added by births and immigration equal those lost through death and emigration.

                        A.  Logistic growth

                        B.  Zero growth

                        C.  Exponential growth

                        D.  Capacity growth

_____ 38.  Late loss survivorship curves are typical of

                        A.  R-strategists

                        B.  K-strategists

_____ 39.  Populations of organisms that have short life spans tend to display varying age distributions.

                        A.  True

B.     False

_____ 40.  In which populations would sex ratio be irrelevant?

                        A.  Hermaphroditic populations

                        B.  Populations in which one male fertilizes many females; lions, deer

                        C.  Both of these

C.     Neither of these, sex ratio always plays a role

_____ 41.  Specialists would exhibit which spatial arrangement within a habitat?

A.     random

B.     uniform

C.     both of these

D.     neither of these

Response

1.  The U.S. has a high reproductive rate.  Normally, one would expect the population to increase. This is not the trend.  Explain.

2.  How does the age structure of a country affect it’s population growth?

3.  Give three reasons why human population growth is harmful to the environment.

4. Compare and contrast governmental policies designed to control population growth in China and Japan.

6.  List (5) world problems linked to increasing population

6.  Site reasons why controlling the global population is difficult.

7.  How have we decreased death rates worldwide?

8. What does the future hold for us?  You might want to site reasons for hope, the effects the baby boomers may have, and technology

9.Differentiate between density-dependent and density-independent factors of population control. Give examples of each.

 

ANSWERS

 

  1. c
  2. d
  3. a
  4. c
  5. a
  6. b
  7. b
  8. c
  9. d
  10. c
  11. d
  12. a
  13. c
  14. a
  15. b
  16. d
  17. b
  18. a
  19. a
  20. d
  21. b
  22. b
  23. b
  24. a
  25. b
  26. b
  27. a
  28. d
  29. c
  30. a
  31. c
  32. b
  33. b
  34. b
  35. a
  36. a
  37. b
  38. a
  39. a
  40. c
  41. b