Punctuation
American English


the period

' '  single quote marks

" "
double quote marks, "put in
       quotes," or ditto marks       

(  ) parentheses

[  ] brackets

{  } braces
British English


full stop, full point

' ' inverted commas, speech marks

" "
inverted commas, speech marks

(  )
brackets, round bracksts,
       parentheses, "put it in brackets"

[  ] square brackets

{  } curly brackets, braces

Note:

American English and British English writers do not use the same rules for quotation marks (inverted commas).  British English uses single quotation marks first.  American English tends to use double quote marks first.  Single quote marks are used to indicate a quotation within a quotation.
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