DRUG ABUSE

HISTORICAL ROOTS

           Originally the term used popularly to describe dependence on a drug was drug “addiction”. This term has been replaced by the World Health Organization with the term “dependence”. Drug dependence has become a severe social problem for its adverse effects upon our most precious resource – the Filipino Youth. It is widespread not only among youngsters but also among men and women of desperate social, financial or economic characters. It is harmful; it ruins one’s life. It breaks down one’s character leading to criminality and even suicide. Drug dependence has been found to be a common problem in Metropolitan Manila and other large cities.

          Numerous factors may lead to drug dependence. The only acceptable cause is due to a medical need, which is not even considered as an abuse for it is done under the strict guidance of a medical specialist. However, the more disturbing cause for alarm are those cases which have been brought about due to domestic turbulence such as financial woes, misguided principles, etc. and on a broader scale by economic depression, the community and environment where one resides and the blatant widespread of supply induced by unscrupulous law enforcers and ineffective government policies on drug prohibition.   

          Researchers in the field of drug dependence by the Dangerous Drugs Board reveal that the problem of drug abuse in the Philippines is predominant among young people between the ages of 12 to 24, with 18 as the average age. Findings indicate that:

1.                 drug abusers are found in and out of school;

2.                 drug abusers are initiated relatively early while in school;

3.                 drug abuse is related to the problem as personal maladjustment and the inability to relate satisfactorily with people.

EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE

1.                 Drug abusers, to support their habit, resort to stealing, prostitution and/or other criminal acts, thus becoming a major factor contributing to increased criminality rate.

2.                 Some babies born to heroin addicted mothers have shown withdrawal symptoms aside from numerous cases of abnormality. Although, not enough is known about the genetic effects of other drugs, taking drugs without careful medical supervision during pregnancy is very risky.

3.                 Authorities on drugs say that due to increased and uncontrollable sexual behavior especially during sessions, undesired pregnancy is the most frequent side effect. Drug addiction therefore would aggravate the population problem or increase cases of abortion both creating serious concerns on the social and moral fiber of our society.

*Individuals suffering from arthritis or terminal cancer and who experience acute unbearable pains and insomnia are likely to become drug dependents of opiates or sedatives.

Gotfryd (1973) pointed out that a drug addict has a weakened will power, impaired judgment and memory, a lethargic if not anxious look in their eyes, an unsteady and distinct irresponsible and dangerous behavior.

          Psychologists and psychiatrists agree that a happy family is the only solution to drug addiction. They share the view that most of the problems associated with and leading to drug addiction can be prevented by attentive parents, guardians or relatives who have established a clear and constant line of communication between them and their youngsters thus, eradicating the so-called “gap” which often triggers misunderstanding, discontentment and misguided principles, the root causes that lead to addiction.

          Responses of parents on the discovery of drug addiction vary. Advanced study urges parents not to adopt to the normal but primitive reaction and approach, which are: threat of calling the authorities, screening and prohibition of phone calls, assessment of friends, inspection of personal belongings, and many others for such will only encourage rebellion, secretiveness and guilt.

Aside from the domestic family scene, the prevention, prohibition and apprehension of the widespread menace can be realized by concrete, vigilant and effective government programs. It is worthy to note that in the report presented at the 4^th Regional International Drug Enforcement Association Meeting by the Philippine Paper, it says that the Philippine Government is committed to a firm and inexorable policy against drug abuse. Consistent with this policy, the Philippines is a party to all understanding and agreements on the prevention and control of drug abuse in this region and throughout the world.

CONCLUSION

          Drug dependence has become a severe social problem because of its adverse effects upon our future – the Filipino Youth. It gravely affects the whole society for it brings about destruction to its basic foundation – the family. It affects not only the less but also the affluent and when this menace creeps in, the whole structure crumbles.

          Studies show that drug dependence, addiction or abuse, whichever term, can only bring about self destruction due to mental impairness, weakened physical capability which most often leads to disease and other illnesses, and moral disorientation thus, leading to a life of criminality. Records would also reveal that a staggering rate of crimes committed were drug abuse related cases.

          Now that the problem had been identified and countless studies and researches have been documented on its causes, there is a need now to translate all of these writings into action. The initiative must emanate from the family and direct relatives for they have the responsibility to ensure that they cope up with the changing times so as not to create a “gap” between the polder ones and the mostly targeted and affected youth. A young and energetic youth will least be dragged into this menace if he is properly guided, contented and remains focused on his goals in life to achieve his dreams for the future.

          And playing a vital role in the overall development of the youth is the government. Our leaders must have that compassionate will to provide a better economy, a vigilant information campaign on the ill-effects of drugs, a non-compromising policy against illegal manufacturers, dealers, couriers, pushers and protectors, and continuous programs that would enhance physical and mental fitness through sports and other productive activities.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1.                 Drug   -  any chemical substance which affects a person in such a way bringing about physiological, emotional or behavioral change.

2.                 Drug Addiction   -  a state of periodic and chronic intoxication produced by the habitual consumption of drug in its material or synthetic form, which is detrimental to both individual and society.

3.                 Drug Dependence   -  a state of psychic (psychological) or physical dependence, or both, on a dangerous drug following administration or use of that drug on a periodic or continuous basis.

4.                 Tranquilizer   -  known for their quitting effects, this type of drug is prescribed to control anxiety and for certain psychological disorders.

5.                 Hallucinogen   -  a type of drug capable of provoking changes in sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion.  

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