Lecture Notes

Sentence patterns:

yao V... haiyao cong ... V2 qi = To V1, we yet need to V2 starting from...:

Yao xiang liaojie yi ge ren, haiyao cong ta de tongnian kaishi.

Yao xiang ba Zhongwen xuehao, haiyao cong pinyin kaishi.

Yao V1, jiu dei V2 = to V1, you have to V2:

Yao kanwan Yiheyuan de quanbu jingse, jiu dei yi da zao qu nali, zai na'r dai shang yi tian.

chuanshuo + objective clause: Legend has it that....

Chuanshuo gu shihou, you yige laoren zhuzai liang zuo dashan de qianmian.

Chuanshuo congqian Kasjier shan li you yi ge shuijiao de shangu.

Jici V..dou V2 : V several times, yet V2:

Ta xue Zhongwen de shihou, jici yu jian zhege shengci, ta dou mei xiangzhe yao ba ta ji xialai.

This can be changed into V jici...dou V2. When jici is before V, it is more emphatic. Normal order is V jici.

Zhe ben shu wo kan le jici (or jibian), dou bei kanchulai ta shi xie Huanghe de.

Jingguo + v or time phrase or noun phrase...cai v... Only after something does the action of V occur:

Ta jingguo wo de shuoming, cai nong dong le na ge juzi de yisi.

wo jingguo san ge yue cai ba na ben xiaoshuo xie wan le.

Zhe ge gongyuan jingguo wuomen zhili, cai bian de ganjing duo le.

guanyu NP, sub hai V == As for/about Np, subject yet V

Guanyu Hanzi de xiefa, wo zhidao de hai hen shao.

Guanyu zenme zuo mianbao, wo hai xuyao kan shipu cai neng gaosu ni.

cong NP keyi kan/ting chulai, + objective sentence: It can be seen/decerned from the NP that: Cong ta de hua keyi tingchulai, ta bu xiang dao na ge jishu jinchukou gongsi gongzuo.

Cong zhejian shi keyi kanchu,ruguo yao xiang gaohao gongzuo, wuomen jiu xueyao you hao de huanjing.

Cong ta bu yuanyi jian wo keyi kan chu, ta dui wo haishi hen shengqi.

yuqi V, buru V2: rather V2 than V1

Wo yuqi ba qian jiegei ni yong, bu ru ba qian songgei laoren yuan.

Ni yuqi bei zidian, buru zhao yiben hao de keben lai xuexi zhe men yuyan.

Dajia juede yuqi qu Changcheng, buru qu Jiuzhaigou geng hao.