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SYLLABUS

For Implementation from January 1999

Secondary 1

1. Materials - wood Pupils should be able to:
identify the following types of solid timber:
- jelutong
- meranti
- ramin
- teak
state their basic characteristics and uses
differentiate between hardwood and softwood
identify the following types of manufactured boards:
- plywood
- chipboard
- softboard
state their basic characteristics and uses
differentiate between solid wood and manufactured boards Encourage pupils to state examples of articsles/structures that are made of wood.
Build on the examples of the use of wood provided
by pupils.
Explain how solid wood is classified.
Explain the differences between solid wood and manufactured boards.
Allow pupils to view and feel actual samples of solid wood and manufactured boarrds.
Allow pupils to view and feel actual samkples of solid wood and manufactured boards.
Discuss the nature and properties of solid wood and manufactured boards and where possible, draw from pupils' past experience.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of solid wood and manufactured boards.

metals state the difference between ferrous and non-ferous metals
identify the following ferrous metals:
- mild steel
- stainless steel
- tool steel
- cast iron
state the basic properties and uses
identify the following non-ferrous metals/alloys
- aluminium
- duralumin
- copper
- brass
- bronze
- lead
- tin
- zinc
state the basic properties and uses Encourage pupils to give examples of the use of metals in daily life and industry.
Highlight the importance and usefulness of metals.
Explain the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Show examples of ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Define the term 'alloy'
Discuss the properties and uses of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and where possible, relate to pupils' pst experience.

plastics state the 2 main groups of plstics
identify the following types of thermoplastics
acrylic
polyethylene
polystyrene
polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
nylon
state their properties and uses
identify the following types of thermosets:
melamine
glass reiforced polyester(GRP) Encourage pupils to provide examples of the use of plastics in everyday life.
Highlight the growing importance and usefulness of plastics.
Explain the two main groups of plastics.
Show pupils samples or articles made of thermoplastics and thermosets.
Discuss the basic properties and uses

2. Tools and Processes

- marking out and measuring identify and state the use of the following tools:
pencil
scriber
marker pens
marking knife
steel rule
try square
dividers
odd-leg calipers
marking gauge
punches
use the tools in a correct manner Demonstrate the proper handlig of these marking out tools
Highlight safety precautions to be observed while using the marking out tools
Provide opportunities for pupils to use these toos in the construction of their artefacts.

cutting, shaping & holding identify and state the use of the following tools:
tenon saw
coping saw
hacksaw
scroll saw
chisels
rasps
surforms
planes
files
hammers
mallets
drilling machine
twist drill
countersinking bit
holding devices
use the tools in a correct manner Show the respective cutting and shaping tools to pupils
Explain the uses and care of these cutting and shaping tools
Demonstrate the proper handling of these cutting and shaping tools.
Highlight safety precautions to be observed while using the cutting and shaping tools
Provide opportunities for pupils to use these tools in their practical work.

bending/ forming and casting bend/form or shape materials using the following:
- folding bars
- jigs
- strip heater Explain the need to use these devices when bending/forming materials and the need to use moulds when casting.
Explain the need to heat acrylic prior to bending/forming.
Demonstrate and explain the correct use of these devices

joining join materials using the following: nails, rivets, screws, glues and solvents Explain the different joining methods.
Differentiate between permanent and temporary joints
Demonstrate the correct procedure/technique for the various methods of joining materials

finishing use the following for finishing:
glass paper
emery cloth
paints
lacquer
liquid polish
buffing machine Stress the importance of proper finishing.
Introduce pupiles to the equipment/materials used in finishing.
Demonstrate the correct application of the various types of finishing on different materials.

3. Safety know the general rules to be observed in the workshop
know the common safety hazards associated with tools and processes listed above
practise safe work habits Explain the general workshop rules and safety precautions to be observed in the school workshops.
Stress the safety precautions to be observed when a new tool or process is introduced.
Inculcate in pupils the right attitudes such as personal discipline and safety consciousness.

4. Graphics understand the role of graphics as a communication tool
sketch straight lines (horizontal, vertical and slanting) and circles
sketch outlines of objects using grids and the guidelines, proportions and outline (GPO) method
sketch isometric views using grid and plain paper
sketch in first angle orthographic projection using grid and plain paper Discuss the importance of graphics as a communcation tool and its role in the creation of new ideas.
Explain and demonstrate the various techniques used in freehand sketching.
Demonstrate the drawig of outlines using grids and the GPO method.
Show examples of isometric drawings.
Explain the principle of isometric drawings and teach pupils to sketch objects in isometric view using grid and plain paper.
Show examples of drawings done in first angle orthographic projection.
Explain the principle of orthographic projection and the positioning of views.

5. Design Activities and Practical Work- structured exercises formulate design briefs and specifications from given problems
generate and develop ideas
realise solutions using materials, tools and processes listed above
evaluate final products Begin with a range of structured exercises with each focusing on only 1 or 2 aspects of the design process.
Ensure that pupils have the opportunity to work through all the aspects of the design process in at least 1 project.
Provide examples of good work achieved by past pupils.
Encourage pupils to adopt a creative approach in solving problems.
Provide opportunities for pupils to experience working with the different materials, tools and processes listed.
Stress the importance of pride in workmanship when pupils are realising their solutions.

1. Materials - wood	Pupils should be able to: identify the following types of solid timber: - jelutong - meranti - ramin - teak state their basic characteristics and uses differentiate between hardwood and softwood identify the following types of manufactured boards: - plywood - chipboard - softboard state their basic characteristics and uses differentiate between solid wood and manufactured boards	Encourage pupils to state examples of articsles/structures that are made of wood. Build on the examples of the use of wood provided by pupils. Explain how solid wood is classified. Explain the differences between solid wood and manufactured boards. Allow pupils to view and feel actual samples of solid wood and manufactured boarrds. Allow pupils to view and feel actual samkples of solid wood and manufactured boards. Discuss the nature and properties of solid wood and manufactured boards and where possible, draw from pupils' past experience. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of solid wood and manufactured boards.
metals	state the difference between ferrous and non-ferous metals identify the following ferrous metals: - mild steel - stainless steel - tool steel - cast iron state the basic properties and uses identify the following non-ferrous metals/alloys - aluminium - duralumin - copper - brass - bronze - lead - tin - zinc state the basic properties and uses	Encourage pupils to give examples of the use of metals in daily life and industry. Highlight the importance and usefulness of metals. Explain the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Show examples of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Define the term 'alloy' Discuss the properties and uses of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and where possible, relate to pupils' pst experience.
plastics	state the 2 main groups of plstics identify the following types of thermoplastics acrylic polyethylene polystyrene polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nylon state their properties and uses identify the following types of thermosets: melamine glass reiforced polyester(GRP)	Encourage pupils to provide examples of the use of plastics in everyday life. Highlight the growing importance and usefulness of plastics. Explain the two main groups of plastics. Show pupils samples or articles made of thermoplastics and thermosets. Discuss the basic properties and uses
2. Tools and Processes - marking out and measuring	identify and state the use of the following tools: pencil scriber marker pens marking knife steel rule try square dividers odd-leg calipers marking gauge punches use the tools in a correct manner	Demonstrate the proper handlig of these marking out tools Highlight safety precautions to be observed while using the marking out tools Provide opportunities for pupils to use these toos in the construction of their artefacts.
cutting, shaping & holding	identify and state the use of the following tools: tenon saw coping saw hacksaw scroll saw chisels rasps surforms planes files hammers mallets drilling machine twist drill countersinking bit holding devices use the tools in a correct manner	Show the respective cutting and shaping tools to pupils Explain the uses and care of these cutting and shaping tools Demonstrate the proper handling of these cutting and shaping tools. Highlight safety precautions to be observed while using the cutting and shaping tools Provide opportunities for pupils to use these tools in their practical work.
bending/ forming and casting	bend/form or shape materials using the following: - folding bars - jigs - strip heater	Explain the need to use these devices when bending/forming materials and the need to use moulds when casting. Explain the need to heat acrylic prior to bending/forming. Demonstrate and explain the correct use of these devices
joining	join materials using the following: nails, rivets, screws, glues and solvents	Explain the different joining methods. Differentiate between permanent and temporary joints Demonstrate the correct procedure/technique for the various methods of joining materials
finishing	use the following for finishing: glass paper emery cloth paints lacquer liquid polish buffing machine	Stress the importance of proper finishing. Introduce pupiles to the equipment/materials used in finishing. Demonstrate the correct application of the various types of finishing on different materials.
3. Safety	know the general rules to be observed in the workshop know the common safety hazards associated with tools and processes listed above practise safe work habits	Explain the general workshop rules and safety precautions to be observed in the school workshops. Stress the safety precautions to be observed when a new tool or process is introduced. Inculcate in pupils the right attitudes such as personal discipline and safety consciousness.
4. Graphics	understand the role of graphics as a communication tool sketch straight lines (horizontal, vertical and slanting) and circles sketch outlines of objects using grids and the guidelines, proportions and outline (GPO) method sketch isometric views using grid and plain paper sketch in first angle orthographic projection using grid and plain paper	Discuss the importance of graphics as a communcation tool and its role in the creation of new ideas. Explain and demonstrate the various techniques used in freehand sketching. Demonstrate the drawig of outlines using grids and the GPO method. Show examples of isometric drawings. Explain the principle of isometric drawings and teach pupils to sketch objects in isometric view using grid and plain paper. Show examples of drawings done in first angle orthographic projection. Explain the principle of orthographic projection and the positioning of views.
5. Design Activities and Practical Work- structured exercises	formulate design briefs and specifications from given problems generate and develop ideas realise solutions using materials, tools and processes listed above evaluate final products	Begin with a range of structured exercises with each focusing on only 1 or 2 aspects of the design process. Ensure that pupils have the opportunity to work through all the aspects of the design process in at least 1 project. Provide examples of good work achieved by past pupils. Encourage pupils to adopt a creative approach in solving problems. Provide opportunities for pupils to experience working with the different materials, tools and processes listed. Stress the importance of pride in workmanship when pupils are realising their solutions.