Year-10 Miss Viki

Human diet and digestion

-know that humans need carbohydrates (sugar and starch)

and fats for energy; proteins for energy, building

new cells,making enzymes and defense against disease
 

– be able to describe any one health problem

resulting from a poor diet which is important

in the student’s own country, discuss the reasons for

this problem and suggest ways in which it could be
 

– know good dietary sources of carbohydrates, fats

and proteins
 

– know how to perform the Benedict’s test for reducing sugars,the iodine test for starch, and the biuret test for proteins
 

– know the functions of vitamin C, vitamin D, iron and calcium in the human body, state good sources of these nutrients and describe the symptoms of diseases resulting from their deficiency in the diet
 

– understand that the alimentary canal is a tube passing right through the body, and that nutrients cannot be used by cells until they have passed through the walls of the alimentary canal

– be able to label the following parts on a diagram of the human digestive system: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, anus, liver process is called absorption and happens in the small intestine
 

–know that amylase breaks down starch to sugar in the mouth and

–understand that, before absorption can occur, large pieces of food must be broken into small ones, and large molecules into small ones, and that this process is called digestion small intestine; protease breaks down proteins to amino acids in the stomach and small intestine; lipase breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine
 

–be able to describe the structure of a tooth and describe the roles of teeth in digestion
 

–know that amino acids, sugar, fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed into the blood through the walls of the small intestine

–know that large molecules are broken down into small

ones by enzymes in the alimentary canal and that water

 is absorbed in the colon

Chemistry

Electrolysis

− be able to describe electrolysis as the breaking down of a compound by the passage of direct electric current
 

− know, in general terms, the apparatus and materials needed for electrolysis

− know the terms anode and cathode

− know that an electrolyte is a liquid which allows a current to pass through it

− know that either dissolving or melting an ionic substance forms an electrolyte

− be able to describe the electrolysis of aqueous copper(II) chloride and of molten lead(II) bromide

− understand the principle that positive ions are attracted to the cathode and negative ions are attracted to the anode

- current is carried by mobile ions in the electrolyte
and not by electrons.

− know the general result that metals are deposited on the cathode and non-metals are formed at the anode

− understand that positive ions are discharged
by gaining electrons from the cathode and
negative ions give up electrons to the anode

− know that electrolysis is used to extract aluminium and is used in the production of chlorine, sodium hydroxide and reactive metals

− appreciate that electrolysis of aqueous electrolytes may produce hydrogen at the cathode and oxygen at the anode

− know that electrolysis is used as a method of plating and is used in the electrolytic purification of copper (details of industrial processes are not required)

− be able to describe the electrolysis
using carbon electrodes of aqueous copper(II)
sulphate and of concentrated aqueous sodium chloride

− be able to describe the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide (recall of industrial cells is not required)