In the description of the wave gravitational interaction we tacitly derived the additivity of masses from the experimentations of mechanics, instead of deriving it from theory.

Actually, considering the two gravitationally interactive bodies and looking at the illustrative drawing itself, it was evident that the additivity of the waves deriving from both the first and the second mass depended on the distance between the two wave sources.

Let us consider that the purely geometric nature of the wavefronts of the elementary waves accepts new wavefronts in the space among other wavefronts, without any interference that is just impossible for the elementary waves that are not sine waves.

Let us see again the phenomenon in the light of these considerations, and observe two isolated particles in the space lacking in significant fields.

Let us examine, for example, two protons imagining to set ourselves between them on the line constituting the distance between the two bodies.

With proper testing bodies, let us verify the value of the first mass and ,then, that of the second one in order to realize that the particles have the same mass.

In wave terms it means that the frequency of the waves deriving from the first particle is equal to the frequency of the waves deriving from the second one.

If we move outside the system along the straight line binding the two protons, we can verify the passage of a wave train composed by the waves deriving from both protons.

• The nearest particle to us will be crossed by the waves deriving from the other particle, and its waves will mix with those deriving from the other one.
• Which wavelenght can we verify for the resulting waves?
• It depends on the relative position of the two particles - wave sources.
• Indeed, the distance establishes the wavelength that an external observer can verify considering the two particles as a system.
• This wave train will have a wavelength included between the one that is characteristic of a proton and half of such a wavelength so as to verify a wavelength of l _p or l _p/2 in both extreme cases;
• While in most cases we verify any intermediary value between the two extreme values.
• The value received directly depends on the distance separating the centers of the resonance orbits of the two protons.

If the distance is rigidly maintained and is composed by the sum of the radii of their respective resonance orbits plus a multiple integer of wavelength, the wavefronts deriving from the two protons are superimposed one upon another.

If instead the distance is composed by the sum of the radii of the resonance orbits plus an odd multiple of half the wavelength characteristic of a proton, the wavefronts deriving from one of the two protons will be arranged exactly in the middle of the space among the wavefronts deriving from the other proton.

In the first case, if we observe the presence of a wavelength l _p equal to the wavelength characteristic of a proton, we will ascertain a maximum "mass defect" compatible with the existence of the two protons, and we will see therefore only one proton.

In the second case no mass defect can occur, but we will verify a perfect addivity of the two masses together with the presence of a wavelength l _p/2 observing therefore a mass of two protons.

In the intermediate cases, for distances included between the two extreme values, a number of possible mass defects can verify; it depends on which of the two extreme values is closer to the distance.

Why only a number of possible mass defects?

Because the possible arrangements of the waves deriving from the two protons among the respective wavefronts are not infinite.

The wavelenght is indeed a distance and, from a quantum viewpoint, we know that every distance must be composed by a finite number of linear quanta L.

Then, the number of the possible arrangements of a wavefront in the space between two other wavefronts must be equal to the "finite" number of the linear quanta in which the distance among the same wavefronts is divisible.

The coupling between two protons is subjected to dimensional quantum conditions limiting the possible values of the mass defect according to a number of fixed values.

In the experimental reality, considering the appearance of a precise value of the mass defect during the creation of a deuton when a proton and a neutron pair off, we are obliged to take into account some mechanisms of interactions between the two particles, that in the sum of masses consider the distance as a determining factor.

We know that a deuton must have well definite dimensions, and therefore it seems obvious to think that its components are at a fixed distance one from another, or at least at a variable distance within well precise limits.

In physics, there are examples of stable systems that have a not fixed, but well definite distance one from another; the atoms in molecular aggregation are united; they slightly oscillate within well precise distances.

In the Deuton the two component particles must be therefore bound by a precise force and repelled by an antagonistic force so that the two forces are equivalent and mutually cancel out within well precise distances.

In wave terms, it shows the existence of some attractive effects caused by actions consequent to violations of the relative symmetry principle and some repulsive effects deriving from other different violations of the same principle, both depending on distance.

The proton involute model is characterized by the wavelength l _p, and it directly depends on the value of the resonance orbit which derives from the characteristic radius r _p.

Let us observe the proton's resonance orbit.

The resonance orbit is the place of origin of the involute spiral, and the wavefront creating the front of the involute develops beginning from a precise distance from the center at least equal to the radius r _p.

Let us come back to the ideal experience in which we describe the electromagnetic interaction between two positrons by using two protons that are at a distance comparable to 1 Fermi.

But now there is a substantial difference: the wavefronts among the centers of their respective resonance orbits are not enough to produce a repulsive electric action between the two particles.

Actually, the two radii r _p of the resonance orbits of the two protons hardly get in the space of a deuton and therefore, since there are no waves between the two orbits, we can only rely on the gravitational action of the waves outside the system, which exert from the outside an in-thrust on the two protons.

Will the resulting attractive action be, therefore, a gravitational action?

You will say that the hypothesis of a gravitational action is not congruent with the hypotheses till now formulated which give extremely high values to the nuclear force, and it is called "Strong Force" and set at the top of the scale of interactions.

The evaluations on the value of the nuclear force we have done up to now, are founded on the hypothesis that the repulsive electric forces have to be taken into account firstly; therefore it is necessary to overcome, first of all, the repulsive forces before managing to keep two protons united.

But now, in the light of the wave considerations, we can see that the value foretold for the nuclear force was nothing but "supposed". (*)

The value of the nuclear force till now considered, must be recognized as an extrapolation founded on a hypothesis that does not correspond to the deduction of a direct observation, but it derives from the physicists' conviction that the repulsive electric forces between charges of equal sign, exist also when the charge carriers are at distances comparable to 1 Fermi: 1 ^. 10^-15 m

According to the Wave Field Theory underlining the inexistence or, at least, the lack of primary waves within the deuton system, it is necessary to reduce the value of the nuclear force by subtracting from the value till now attributed to it the value of the repulsive electromagnetic force that must be considered nearly inexistent at nuclear distances.

Besides, we must not undervalue the relevance of a thrust effect of the waves outside the system when there are no waves among the centers.

Now, however, we have to justify the nature of the other force, the repulsive one, that should maintain the equilibrium with the attractive force even if reduced. But if there were no repulsive antagonistic force, they would lead the two protons toward annihilation.

It is necessary to explain as two protons can live together at nuclear distances and besides we must not forget that in reality the deuton is formed by a proton and a neutron.

Is it possible to conceive a wave model of neutron, different from the one till now accepted, which is able to give us a plausible answer to these questions?

In the Wave Field Theory this seems possible.

(*) The idea already existed in 1984 in the quoted Book: The Unified Field, and it has been confirmed by the experiments broadly spread in hundreds of laboratories and Universities on cold fusion.