Section 2-1 Teaching Outline
Book K
Anticipatory Set
Discover: What are solids liquids and gases?
Items used: Alka-seltzer type tablet
Large balloon
1-L plastic bottle
Water
Procedure: see p. 44 K of book.
Assignment: Have students list and identify the states of matter, solids, liquids, and gases observed in this activity.
Define each state in your own words.
Assign Reading
Go over reading hints p. 44K
Give out the outline 1-4. Discuss objectives
Objectives: The student will be able to…
Activating Prior Knowledge: What is easier to hold in your hands—a small rock or 100 ml of water? Why?
We will discuss why matter takes on different shapes in the section of the book.
Presentation:
We all are familiar of what a solid liquid and gas is and we can all give examples. What becomes more difficult is to find or come up with a good definition of what they are. As we did with matter we will look at the properties of each and use the properties to classify them.
Solids
Diagram 3 p. 45K
Draw a similar picture on the board. Solids have small particles, atoms and compounds packed tightly together. While they can vibrate, the have difficulty breaking free.
EX: put your ear to the table and tap the table. Explain how sound is a wave as if you threw a pebble into the water. Sound ripples through the table as molecules bounce against each other.
Definition:
If you put a rock in a cup what shape would it take? Stay the same how much space would it take up?.
A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume.
Types of solids: Some particles are bound more tightly than others. In compounds, since atoms must bond in specific ratios, we often find them linking to form crystals such as salt (draw salt picture, show mineral crystals) Because it takes a certain amount of energy to break the crystal chemical bonds each crystal has a specific melting point (ice 0’ celcius) these characteristic properties can be used to identify the substance.
Mixtures often have no definite shapes and can form something called amorphous solids. As these are heated they become softer and softer until they melt (plastic) is often used to describe this. Tar, wax candles or crayons, glass. Often thought of as very very thick liquids.
Liquids:
What shape would a liquid take if you put it in a cup? the shape of the cup, how much space would it take up? The same,
EX: (pour a liquid into different container shapes as an example)
The particles in a liquid are solidly packed but not as firmly as a solid. They can move around each other like people moving through a crowded room.
Definition: Liquid: no definite shape but a definite volume
Fluid: the ability to move from place to place.
Viscosity: the resistance to flow. (show syrup and vinegar) Ketchup tomato juice, oil or grease
Journal Entry: Integrating Earth Science: read problem on page 47K. Have them write a response in their journal.