Two languages  English and tribal were taught in schools.
 
 
 

George Guess  AKA Sequoyah creator  of the Cherokee syllabary which contains   an alphabet of eighty-six characters.

   -

Soon books and newspapers were published
                in the Cherokee language.
 
 

Cyrus Byington and Cyrus Kingsbury changed
        the Choctaw spoken language to written form.

Population of Indian Territory:

   1.  Before Civil War less than 100,000  tribal citizens,

   2.   a few hundred whites and soldiers and

   3.  over 5,000 black slaves.
 
 

Slave codes: 

   1.  No hiding runaway slaves

   2.  Punishment for killing slaves

   3. Intermarriage between slaves and Indians were
                 forbidden punishable by public whipping

   4.  Freed slaves could not become citizens.
 
 

Federal Government and Indian Territory
 
 

   Federal Government made payments to tribes

   1.  Appointed an Indian agent who took care
                    of the paperwork

   2.  Work with the 5 civilized tribes to relocate
            more northern and eastern tribes.

    Workbook page 20