Catholicism
Catholicism is one of the four main sects existent within Christianity. Catholics and Protestants are the two most dominant groups in Christianity. Catholics differ from Protestants in that they add an additional fifteen books to the Old Testament and these books are known as the Apocrypha. Catholics believe in the Apostolic sucession of the Pope beginning with Saint Peter. They believe that authority is vested in the hierarchy of the church. They also believe that sacrament regenerates and justifies. Catholics baptize children during infancy. They historically teach that the writings of the Bible are inerrant though this teaching is now being debated among Catholics. Their church structure is hierarchical. Their clergy is appointed or is mostly male. They feel that they can obtain access to God through praying to clergy, saints, the Virgin Mary, and Jesus. They see hell as more of a state of being than an actual place. They stress the idea of that Mary was sinless throughout her whole life. They believe that the Pope is infallible in matters of religious doctrine and faith. They also teach that there is a place in Hell called Limbo for q=infants who died before being baptized and for Old Testament Saints though this concept is not officially taught anymore. They believe that when believers partake in commune, that Christ body transubstantiates into the bread and the cup of which is drunk from. They teach that Mary is below Jesus but above the saints. Some Catholics regard Mary as coredemptrix with Jesus, though this is not currently church teaching. Catholics believe in purgatory which is a state of being in which souls are cleansed by purifyication before they can enter heaven. Sacrament is considered the means of grace for Catholics. Salvation is deendent upon faith, works, and sacraments. Salvation is lost when a person commits a mortal sin, but can be regained through repentance and the sacrament of confession. Catholics believe that the visibility of the church consists of the laity, the Church's Spirit, referred to as "The Spotless Bride of Christ. Catholics follow after seven sacraments which are baptism, communion, Eucharist, penance, holy orders, marriage , and anointing of the sick.
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