Taoism
Taoism is a philosophy that according to legend was started in the 600's BCE by a Chinese philospher named Lao Tzu. Taoists believe in letting nature take its course in all actions. They believed that nature started with nothing, then gave birth to one, which gave birth to three, which then gave birth to the 10000 things. The rinciple of not acting (wu-wei)is the most important, because of this reason of letting nature take its course. The word Tao literally means the way . One of the most popular scriptures in Taoism is the Tao Te Ching (The Book of the Way and its Power), a classic work of Taoism attributed to Lao Tzu. Taoists see humanbeings as a P'U (the uncarved block) which is considred an appropriate metaphor by Taoists because it represnet shuman beings in their natural state before society distorts their true nature through training and education. The power or virtue of Tao which enables it to influence the movements of natural systems is called Te. Taoist philosophy asserts that principles of logic are asserted by humankind and are thus subject to human error. They believe therefore that you really can not know what is right or wrong. Basically, there is no right or wrong, just a lot of gray areas of which you could argue one way or the other. The working of Tao is focused primarily toward harmony and balance within the natural system. This happens when humans accept their place as "passive beings of the way which can not alter the system of the Tao" (Yin). Yang is the name given to the aggressive and active aspect of the Tao such as the forces of nature. Taoism uses several scriptures of which the most popular are the Tao Te Ching and the writings of Chuang Tzu, a philosopher of early Taoism. Taoism provides very strong focus on the family, although it is not as strong as that of Confucianism.
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