Replacing cv joints
(Slide) The synovium serves as an important source of nutrients for cartilage since cartilage itself is avascular. replacing cv joints Pain in lower left side abdomen. In addition, synovial cells synthesize joint lubricants such as hyaluronic acid, as well as collagens and fibronectin that constitute the structural framework of the synovial interstitium. 1. Synovial lining or intimal layer: Normally, this layer is only 1-3 cells thick (slide). replacing cv joints Msm arthritis. In RA, this lining is greatly hypertrophied (8-10 cells thick) (slide). Primary cell populations in this layer are fibroblasts and macrophages. 2. replacing cv joints Mouth-pain. Subintimal area of synovium: This is where the synovial blood vessels are located; this area normally has very few cells. In RA, however, the subintimal area is heavily infiltrated with inflammatory cells, including T and B lymphocytes, macrophages and mast cells. The intense cellular infiltrate is accompanied by new blood vessel growth (angiogenesis). In RA, the hypertrophied synovium (also called pannus) invades and erodes contiguous bone and cartilage. As such, it can be thought of as a tumor-like tissue, although mitotic figures are rare and, of course, metastasis does not occur. (top of section) Cartilage Composed primarily of type II collagen and proteoglycans, this is normally a very resilient tissue that absorbs considerable impact and stress. In RA, its integrity, resilience and water content are all impaired. This appears to be due to elaboration of proteolytic enzymes (collagenase, stromelysin) both by synovial lining cells and by chondrocytes themselves. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the synovial fluid may also contribute to this degradative process. (top of section) Bone Composed primarily of type I collagen, invading synovium causes erosion of contiguous bone via release of prostaglandins and proteases by synovial cells and, possibly, by osteoclasts. (top of section) Synovial Cavity Synovial Cavity Normally only a "potential" space with 1-2ml of highly viscous (due to hyaluronic acid) fluid with few cells. In RA, large collections of fluid ("effusions") occur which are, in effect, filtrates of plasma (and, therefore, exudative - i. e. , high protein content).
Replacing cv joints
Cure || Thigh-pain || Pain-of-salvation || Rheumatoid-arthritis-gold-salts