The General MIDI Specification
     
All GM instruments can respond
     
1
24 voices of polyphony in order to play back very full arrangements
2
Respond to all 16 MIDI channels
3
Each channel can access any number of voices (dynamic voice allocation)
4
Each channel can play a different timbre
5
A full set of percussion instruments is available on Channel 10
6
All percussion instruments are mapped to specific MIDI note numbers
7
All GM instruments and percussion respond to Note On velocity
8
Middle C is always note number 60
9
All GM instruments can respond to these MIDI Controllers:
 
  1
  Modulation

  7

 Volume

 10

 Pan

 11

 Expression

 64

 Sustain Pedal

121

 Reset All Controllers

123

 All Notes Off
 
10
GM instruments respond to all Registered Parameters:
 

 0

 Pitch Bend Sensitivity

 1

 Fine Tuning

 2

 Coarse Tuning
 
11
GM instruments all respond to these additional MIDI messages:
 
 Channel Pressure (Aftertouch)
 Pitch Bend (with a default of two semitones)
 
12
General MIDI Sound Set
 PIANO
 BASS
 REED
 SYNTH EFFECTS
1. Acoustic Grand Piano
2. Bright Acoustic Piano
3. Electric Grand Piano
4. Honky-tonk Piano
5. Electric Piano 1
6. Electric Piano 2
7. Harpsichord
8. Clavi
33. Acoustic Bass
34. Electric Bass (finger)
35. Electric Bass (pick)
36. Fretless Bass
37. Slap Bass 1
38. Slap Bass 2
39. Synth Bass 1
40. Synth Bass 2
65. Soprano Sax
66. Alto Sax
67. Tenor Sax
68. Baritone Sax
69. Oboe
70. English Horn
71. Bassoon
72. Clarinet
97. FX 1 (rain)
98. FX 2 (soundtrack)
99. FX 3 (crystal)
100. FX 4 (atmosphere)
101. FX 5 (brightness)
102. FX 6 (goblins)
103. FX 7 (echoes)
104. FX 8 (sci-fi)
 CHROMATIC PERC.
 STRINGS
 PIPE
 ETHNIC
 9. Celesta
10. Glockenspiel
11. Music Box
12. Vibraphone
13. Marimba
14. Xylophone
15. Tubular Bells
16. Dulcimer
41. Violin
42. Viola
43. Cello
44. Contrabass
45. Tremelo Strings
46. Pizzicato Strings
47. Orchestral Harp
48. Timpani
73. Piccolo
74. Flute
75. Recorder
76. Pan Flute
77. Blown Bottle
78. Shakuhachi
79. Whistle
80. Ocarina
105. Sitar
106. Banjo
107. Shamisen
108. Koto
109. Kalimba
110. Bag Pipe
111. Fiddle
112. Shanai
 ORGAN
 ENSEMBLE
 SYNTH LEAD
 PERCUSSIVE
17. Drawbar Organ
18. Percussive Organ
19. Rock Organ
20. Church Organ
21. Reed Organ
22. Accordian
23. Harmonica
24. Tango Accordian
49. String Ensemble
50. String Ensemble
51. SynthStrings 1
52. SynthStrings 2
53. Choir Aahs
54. Voice Oohs
55. Synth Voice
56. Orchestra Hit
81. Lead 1 (square)
82. Lead 2 (sawtooth)
83. Lead 3 (calliope)
84. Lead 4 (chiff)
85. Lead 5 (charang)
86. Lead 6 (voice)
87. Lead 7 (fifths)
88. Lead 8 (bass + lead)
113. Tinkle Bell
114. Agogo
115. Steel Drums
116. Woodblock
117. Taiko Drum
118. Melodic Tom
119. Synth Drum
120. Reverse Cymbal
 GUITAR
 BRASS
 SYNTH PAD
 SOUND EFFECTS
25. Acoustic Guitar (nylon)
26. Acoustic Guitar (steel)
27. Electric Guitar (jazz)
28. Electric Guitar (clean)
29. Electric Guitar (muted)
30. Overdriven Guitar
31. Distortion Guitar
32. Guitar Harmonics
57. Trumpet
58. Trombone
59. Tuba
60. Muted Trumpet
61. French Horn
62. Brass Section
63. SynthBrass 1
64. SynthBrass 2
89. Pad 1 (new age)
90. Pad 2 (warm)
91. Pad 3 (polysynth)
92. Pad 4 (choir)
93. Pad 5 (bowed)
94. Pad 6 (metallic)
95. Pad 7 (halo)
96. Pad 8 (sweep)
121. Guitar Fret Noise
122. Breath Noise
123. Seashore
124. Bird Tweet
125. Telephone Ring
126. Helicopter
127. Applause
128. Gunshot
13
General MIDI Percussion Set
 
35. Acoustic Bass Drum
36. Bass Drum 1
37. Side Stick
38. Acoustic Snare
39. Hand Clap
40. Electric Snare
41. Low Floor Tom
42. Closed Hi-Hat
43. High Floor Tom
44. Pedal Hi-Hat
45. Low Tom
46. Open Hi-Hat
47. Low-Mid Tom
48. Hi Mid Tom
49. Crash Cymbal 1
50. High Tom
51. Ride Cymbal 1
52. Chinese Cymbal
53. Ride Bell
54. Tambourine
55. Splash Cymbal
56. Cowbell
57. Crash Cymbal 2
58. Vibraslap
59. Ride Cymbal 2
60. Hi Bongo
61. Low Bongo
62. Mute Hi Conga
63. Open Hi Conga
64. Low Conga
65. High Timbale
66. Low Timbale
67. High Agogo
68. Low Agogo
69. Cabasa
70. Maracas
71. Short Whistle
72. Long Whistle
73. Short Guiro
74. Long Guiro
75. Claves
76. Hi Wood Block
77. Low Wood Block
78. Mute Cuica
79. Open Cuica
80. Mute Triangle
81. Open Triangle
     
     
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