Geographical site
The high Dades valley is composed , administratively speaking , of 3 rural counties :
Ait sedrat, Msemrir & Tilmi . It is situated between length lines of 5,40° and 6° to the west of Greenwitch , and between width lines of 31,30 and 32 to the north .
The region has borders to the north with IMILCHIL (county) , and to the south with the low Ait Sedrat ELJABAL, and to the east the county of AIT HANI, and to the west Zawiyat Ahnsal . And it is therefore belonging to the south eastern parts (سفوح) of the middle high Atlas .
Because of its geo...site, the region is mostly mountainous and these mountains serve as stores of deep waters; these latter come to the surface through : springs, waterwheels, wells and rivers which were recently affected by years of drought .
By and large , what the region provides for a living is very limited and faint due to so many negative influential factors; for instance: the cliff nature and mountains are real impediments in front of economic activities and necessary infrastructure .
The mountains make about 74% of the whole surface, they are so high in many parts reaching more than 3000 m (high). And here are the heights of some local summits: the mountain of TIZI M4KKOURN is 3323m high.M4GUELLT 3137m. AGHNBOU N4OURZ 3200m , and 3287m in TENNIBDIT . And there are some cliff summits in these heights called in Berber ISK (horn) like : ISK N'OUMNDAR & ISK N'MRGHAD....
theses mountains form a chain with almost the same characteristics beginning from the south west toward the north-east ; And they had , during their geological construction , undergone earth's crust fractures and faults sometimes with cute displacement of stratum . All that had , with some other factors like the caristic ( طينية ) structure of rocks , led to the appearance of deep watercourses called in Berber ASSIF (river) , like Assif of IMDGHAS and Assif of OUSSIKIS , both of which are feeding the DR?A river . Besides, there are other (saisonnier) rivers - like AKKA N'TSMLELT - that are playing a big role in storing waters and in agricultural life as whole ., more over , these waters are also important in feeding the pastures of the region from the period when the snow begins to melt .
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Between the narrow plains, along the river bed and the mountains , rise a chain of hills like Anoual and Ilbdi reaching between 2200m and 2000m high making about 18% of the whole surface .
As for plains ,they extend along the riverine sides constituting no more than 4% and their heights are between 1100 & 1600 in the south . This plain band is broad in some parts like in AITMARGHAD where it reaches its biggest largeness , and so narrow in other parts like in Ighyal & in the gorges of DADES where it reaches its smallest width (10meters) .
-This plain is formed of a channel..............
-As for the geology of the region , it is mainly of a curly structure , most of it dates back to the end of the 2nd & to the 3rd geological era .
Considering the climate : it is affected by natural elements and accordingly the weather is so cold in winter , and warm with some rains during spring and fall , and on the contrary summer is known (in the region) for its dryness . More over the region is situated between mountains , and that makes it nearly isolated from the humid effects and clouds coming from the south , and from the dry currents of the south .
Therefore the region (the high DADES valley) is under the line of 220 mm as a yearly average of rains .
During the period between 1971 and 1983 the yearly average was 180 mm whereas it reached in the years 85-90-1995 , 264mm in the meteorological station of MSEMRIR .
As for temperature , it scores its lowest degree in winter where it sometimes becomes less than 0°c . Whereas it reaches its highest degree and exceeds 30 °c during summer and that period is often accompanied by thunder rains and floods that damage the plantations of potatoes .
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ر الايطا
