Ancient Sea Life
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed of calcium carbonate. It is normally composed of the
remains of ancient sea creatures. Where it is exposed to water, it wears down
relatively easily. This often results in underground formations - caves
and sinkholes.
The term "Karst" is used to refer to terrain predominantly shaped by the dissolving of rocks by natural water.
Source: US National Park Service
Dolomite has a similar composition and origin, but also contains magnesium. This results in rock which has greater resistance to weathering.
Dolomite has helped preserve the Niagara Escarpment.
The pyramids of Egypt were constructed from huge blocks of limestone.
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