This work on the walls of old Istanbul includes the land walls. The old city was enclosed by walls on four sides and the walls are usually described as land walls and sea walls. Considering the fact that the city is located on a peninsula, only one side of the city had land-walls and the other three sides had sea-walls. The land walls the subject of this work stretches about 4 miles from the sea of Marmara down to the Golden Horn which is a water inlet off the Bosphorus. The land walls were built much stronger in comparison to the sea walls, because this was the main point of attack by the enemy. Actually, the city was taken by the turks from Byzantines from the point of land walls. The land walls were, for the most part, were built in the first half of the 5 C. during the reign of the emperor Theodisius II. The walls of Theodisius extend from the marble tower on the shore of the sea of Marmara to the palace of Porphyrogenitus. From this point down to the Golden horn, the land walls are somewhat complicated as they were built by different emperors at different times. To name some emperors who made contribution to the construction, in order of the walls from the palace to the golden horn are Manuel Comnenus, Isaac Angelus & Anemas, Heraclius and Leo. I will explain about the city walls in a separate work, now please enjoy the pictures.