coastal1

Coastal Villages

Unlike the traditionally isolated villages of Anatolia, villages in European Turkey and along the Black Sea and Aegean Sea, and to a lesser degree along the Mediterranean Sea, have been exposed to urban influences for several generations. Agriculture tends to be specialized and is generally undertaken in association with fishing and lumber production. Economic links with market towns historically have been very important. Although the extended family plays a significant role throughout a villager's life, economic considerations rather than kinship tend to shape social relations. The commercial nature of these villages has resulted in the substitution of no kinship roles--such as employer and employee, buyer and seller, and landlord and tenant--for most interactions outside the home.

In coastal villages, the elite is primarily a landed group. Large landowners, by providing employment and--to a lesser degree--land to their labourers and tenants, and by serving as an economic link between the village and urban markets, acquire influence and power. Their personal contact with the labourers and tenants on their lands, however, has lessened since the 1950s. By the 1990s, urban business people with both the resources and the inclination to serve as middlemen between village production and city markets generally wielded as much influence as local large landowners. Business people’s influence continues to expand as a result of increasing crop specialization and market dependency.

a) Predictive Skills

· Answer these questions before reading text:
- Have you ever lived a village in your life so far?
If your answer is yes, what kind of village have you lived?
-Coastal or inland village?
- Give some features of these villages and is there any influence of urban life to the village life?

b) Extracting Specific Information

· Read the text and answer these questions below:
- Has landowners personal contact with the labourers and tenants on their lands lessened since the 1950s?
- Are landowners elite in coastal villages?
- Are economic links with markets towns unimportant?
- Is there any economic link between the villages and urban markets
- Are coastal villages exposed to urban influences for several generations?

Haluk Menemencioglu

A-1-Discussion Questions:

a- What is the general qualities of a village?
b- Would you like to live in a coastal village?
c- What are the general qualities of it?
d- What are the differences between city and village social and economic conditions?
e- What kinds of products are come from villages?

A-2-Make connection between the given words and the text

a- Urban influences (How it influences village live ?)
b- Fishing (In what type of village , people deals with fishing? )
c- Lumber (In Turkey ,where are the most suitable places for lumber? )
d- Kinship (In which areas , kinship is closer in Turkey? )
e- Commercial (Which products are mostly provided from villages as commercial? )
f- Crop specialization (do you think, villagers are enough specialization for getting good qualified products ? )
g- Landowners (Who are the landowners in cities and villages )

B-Make sentences related with the coastal village by using the words discussed above.
-
       a-______________________________________________________
       b-______________________________________________________
       c-______________________________________________________
       d-______________________________________________________
       e-______________________________________________________
       f-______________________________________________________
       g-______________________________________________________

B-2 Read the text and then compare your sentences with the original sentences of the text .

Güllü Mike

E)    Fill in the blanks with appropirate words!

      *coastal      *agriculture    *employer            *leesen         *significant

    1)........is the basic function in Turkish economy.
    2)Karatas   is one   of the .......... town in Adana.
    3)........is the person who works for a company ,for a firm.
    4)Production    rate of the cars has......... after economical crisis.
    5)Tourism   plays ...........   role in Turkish   economy.

      Filiz GÖKÇE

e ) Write the words given below into the blanks.

- Unlike the traditionaly isolated villages of Anatolia, villages in European Turkey and along the Black Sea and Aegean Sea, and to a ……….. degree aliong the Mediterranean Sea, have been exposed to urban influences for several generations.
- Economic ………… with market towns historically have been very important.
- Although the extended family plays a ………… role throughout a villager’s life, economic considerations rather than kinship tend to shape social relations.

           relations        lower              meaningful

f ) Match group A and B

A     ( ) I won the prize ….. running too fast.
        ( ) ……….. he is very strong, he couldn’t lift 150kg.
        ( ) Can you see the library ……… the post office …….. the bank.
        ( ) She wanted to get …….. that t-shirt …….. the dress.
        ( ) They studied for the exam …….. hard ……. we did

B      a) both……..and……..
         b) as…….as
         c) by
         d) between…….and……..
         e) although

Ali Osman Güneş

E-DEDUCING MEANING FROM CONTEXT

-Choose the best appropriate explanations for following words from the text.

1." to link " means
       a.to connect
       b.to call
       c.to chain
2."to expose to " means
       a.to prevent smt to happen
       b.to effect
       c.to put smt in a bad situation
3." resource " means
       a.asset
       b.labourer
       c.inherent
4."to expand " means
     a-to decrease
     b-to increase
     c-to enlarge
5."agriculture " means
       a.civilization
       b.territory
       c.farming

F-RECOGNISING FUNCTION AND DISCOURSE PATTERNS AND MARKERS

-Read the text and underline the conjuctions

-Now, fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjuctions (however, and, unlike, although )

A---------, the goverment took some precautions, the inflation rate highly increased.
B- All resources for the economy was exhausted,--------- the government had to think for the new solutions.
C- The high class were highly educated ---------- the middle class in 19th century were poor.
D-Economic links with market towns,----------, have been very important.

ASLIHAN KÜPELI

E-Read the text again and pay attention to these words.Put them into the right column!

           kinship - substitution - provide - employer - wiel - landowner - employee - lessen - expand - significiant

            VERB              ADJECTIVE            NOUN
          ________          ______________       _________
          --------          --------------       ---------
         --------          --------------       ---------
          --------          --------------       ---------
            BUKET KAPAN

Answer the questions:

1)Did you grow up in a village or a town?
2)Have you ever been to a coastal village?
3)What are the differences between living in a village and town?

Answer the questions:

1)When their personal contact labourers öon their lands has lessened?
2)Why economic links with market towns is important?
3)What is the elite in a coastal villages?

Kenan Turhan